Targeting Epigenetic Plasticity to Reduce Periodontitis-Related Inflammation in Diabetes: CBD, Metformin, and Other Natural Products as Potential Synergistic Candidates for Regulation? A Narrative Review

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(7), P. 2853 - 2853

Published: March 21, 2025

Periodontitis is unanimously accepted to be the sixth complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), while inverse relationship causality still deciphered. Among proposed mechanisms gut dysbiosis, which responsible for systemic release proinflammatory mediators. In this process, Gram-negative bacteria from oral cavity enter general circulation, leading emergence bi-hormonal beta-pancreatic cells that lack ability secrete insulin. Additionally, epigenetic and adaptive in affected may play a role reducing inflammation. The reactive oxygen species, cytokines, adipokines, such as interleukins, tumor necrosis factor alpha, leptin, prostaglandin E2, C-reactive protein, or matrix metalloproteinases, determine changes, methylation DNA nucleotides changes activity histone acetylases/deacetylases. management periodontitis involves targeting inflammation, its potential connection modulation observed other chronic conditions help explain preventing DM patients. This review focuses on key might contribute development, explores novel multi-drug therapies could prevent these effects.

Language: Английский

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Periodontal Disease in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review of Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors

Diagnostics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(7), P. 812 - 812

Published: March 22, 2025

Background/Objectives: The oral health disorder periodontal disease is widespread around the world and has a public dimension. This study aimed to perform systematic review an appraised analysis that looks at both prevalence diversity of risk factors associated with in Saudi Arabia. It places particular focus on subgroup analyses pooled estimates identify certain populations could be described as high risk. Methods: Several databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, were used conduct present review. search was designed relevant studies published from 1980 2023. Both quantitative qualitative included. Subgroup meta-analyses performed using random-effects model calculate rates. evaluated three criteria focused bias. Finally, authors created narrative synthesis findings for ease understanding. Results: overall 46.2% (95% CI: 40.5-51.8), heterogeneity (I2 = 85%). identified obese adults having highest this condition (71.3%), individuals diagnosed diabetes also displayed significantly (52.1%). Adolescents aged 15-19 years had age-specific 8.6%, which lower than other age groups analyzed. Poor hygiene, tobacco use, diabetes, obesity have been recognized disease. Conclusions: substantial burden Arabia, especially among high-risk groups, such diabetic adults, cannot overstated. Our initiatives need these individuals, who are likely periodontally systemically compromised, provide lifestyle modification counseling hygiene education them, well routinize their dental care way minimizes chances becoming compromised.

Language: Английский

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Poly(lactide acid)-based microneedles enhanced by tunicate cellulose nanocrystals for potential diabetic periodontitis treatment

Carbohydrate Polymers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 361, P. 123629 - 123629

Published: April 22, 2025

Language: Английский

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Resveratrol-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Reinforced Hyaluronic Hydrogel: Multitarget Strategy for the Treatment of Diabetes-Related Periodontitis

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(5), P. 1059 - 1059

Published: April 27, 2025

Background/Objectives: Periodontitis and diabetes mellitus share a well-established bidirectional relationship, where hyperglycemia exacerbates periodontal inflammation, disease further impairs glycemic control. Within the diabetic microenvironment, an imbalance between pro-inflammatory (M1) anti-inflammatory (M2) macrophages promotes chronic oxidative stress, delayed healing, alveolar bone resorption. Resveratrol (RSV), polyphenol with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, pro-osteogenic properties, holds potential to restore macrophage balance. However, its clinical application is limited by poor bioavailability instability. This study aimed develop evaluate novel RSV delivery system overcome these limitations promote tissue regeneration under conditions. Methods: A drug comprising RSV-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles embedded within cross-linked hyaluronic acid hydrogel (RSV@CLgel) was formulated. The tested hyperglycemic inflammatory conditions for effects on polarization, cytokine expression, mitochondrial function, osteoblast differentiation. Results: RSV@CLgel effectively suppressed cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) while upregulating markers (IL-10, TGF-β). It significantly reduced stress decreasing ROS peroxidation levels improved function antioxidant enzyme activity. Furthermore, enhanced differentiation, as evidenced increased ALP activity, calcium nodule formation, upregulation of osteogenic genes (COL-I, RUNX2, OCN, OPN). also inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis, contributing preservation. Conclusions: presents promising multifunctional strategy management periodontitis. By modulating immune responses, reducing promoting regeneration, addresses key pathological aspects diabetes-associated disease.

Language: Английский

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The Association of Salivary Cytokines and Oral Health in patients with Metabolic Diseases: A Systematic Review

Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1879 - 1887

Published: April 12, 2025

(1) Backrgound: Saliva is a complex biofluid secreted by the salivary glands and contains many biomolecules, such as cells, DNA, RNA, large number of proteins, hormones, metabolites microorganisms. This systematic review aimed to identify assess association cytokines oral health in patients with metabolic diseases. (2) Methods: Four databases (Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Embase) were searched for articles published from 2013 2023, search process was conducted on October 9th, 2023. The studies included original observational medical English that reported diseases systemic focusing syndrome (diabetes mellitus obesity). Those excluded vivo vitro studies, no abstract presented. risk bias selected assessed using Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. (3) Results: Eight 481 subjects review, IL-17 being most studied. Some pro anti-inflammatory like IL-17A, IL-4, IL-13, IL-12, IL-2, IL-10, G-CSF, GM-CSF, MCP-4, hs-CRP, vaspin, TNF-α, IL-7, IL-6, MIP-1β higher among when compared healthy controls. Moreover, Del-1 IFNγ controls than (4) Conclusion: IL-8, affected periodontitis caries, which shows change some cytokine profiles related Metabolic impact profile through combination immunological dysregulation, inflammation, tissue-to-tissue communication, adipose tissue malfunction, factors.

Language: Английский

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