Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Alleviates Bile Acid Metabolism and Hormonal Dysregulation in Letrozole-Induced PCOS Mice DOI Creative Commons
Caifang Ren,

Zhang Shuang,

Jianyu Ma

et al.

Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(12), P. 1028 - 1028

Published: Dec. 8, 2024

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) involves complex genetic, metabolic, endocrine, and environmental factors. This study explores the effects of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) in a letrozole-induced PCOS mouse model, focusing on metabolic regulation. Letrozole-induced aromatase inhibition elevated androgen reduced bile acid levels, linking liver dysfunction gut imbalance to PCOS. Letrozole-treated mice exhibited disrupted estrous cycles, ovarian congestion, testosterone. NMN intervention alleviated hyperandrogenism, abnormalities, decline but did not fully restore cycle or improve lipid profiles. Metabolomic analysis showed that partially reversed metabolism disturbances. These findings highlight NMN’s protective role reducing hyperandrogenism cyst formation. However, effective treatment should target metabolism, just symptoms, mitigate systemic effects. Bile dysregulation may play key progression warrants further investigation.

Language: Английский

Balancing Act: Exploring the Gut Microbiota-Brown Adipose Tissue Axis in PCOS Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Frontiers DOI Creative Commons
Yanhui Li,

Yuqing Fang,

Hongbo Wang

et al.

Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(6)

Published: May 30, 2024

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent reproductive, endocrine, and metabolic disease that affects 5–18% of women worldwide, with rising incidence. Hyperandrogenemia insulin resistance are two key pathophysiological factors contribute to PCOS, both which variety health issues such as menstrual irregularities, obesity, dysfunctional glucose lipid homeostasis, infertility, mental disorders, cardiovascular cerebrovascular diseases. Despite ongoing studies, the origin pathogenesis PCOS remain elusive; there also clinical need for simpler, more effective, longer lasting, comprehensive treatments PCOS. The gut–fat axis, critical regulatory route metabolism, endocrine function, immune response, has received considerable interest in recent years research etiology treatment illnesses type 2 diabetes mellitus non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. latest revealed significant alterations homogeneity phylogenetic diversity gut microbiota. Animal using fecal microbiota transplantation confirmed importance regulating sensitivity sex hormone balance Furthermore, studies have shown decrease volume and/or activity brown adipose tissue (BAT) patients, change alters adipokine release, leading hyperandrogenemia, aggravating progression. Given function BAT increasing energy expenditure alleviating parameters, efforts activate or induce browning white emerged possible Recent suggested can influence creation via metabolites short-chain acids bile acids, well gut–brain axis. Cold exposure, healthy dieting, metformin, bariatric surgery, glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists melatonin all been basic modulate by influencing microbiota, demonstrating potential. However, into regulation mechanisms gut–BAT axis required produce comfortable, safe tailored therapeutics

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Intestinal overexpression of Pla2g10 alters the composition, diversity and function of gut microbiota in mice DOI Creative Commons
Wenhao Liao, Lei Cao,

Xuemei Jiang

et al.

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: March 14, 2025

The intestinal microbiota is important for the health of host and recent studies have shown that some genes regulated composition microbiota. Group 10 phospholipase A2 (PLA2G10) a member lipolytic enzyme family PLA2, which hydrolyze ester bond at sn-2 position phospholipids to produce free fatty acids lysophospholipids. PLA2G10 secreted into lumen, but its impact on gut remains unclear. In this study, we generated intestine-specific Pla2g10 knock-in mice, used 16S RNA sequencing compare their with wild-type (WT) littermates. Results showed gut-specific induced both mRNA protein levels in colon. Moreover, overexpression reduced α-diversity relative WT mice. abundance Bacteroidetes was lower mice than control while ratio Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes higher. Furthermore, genus Allobaculum reduced, whereas beneficial bacteria genera, including Enterorhabdus, Dubosiella, Lactobacillus, increased by overexpression. summary, proportions bacterial colonic chyme providing potential therapeutic target future improvement

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Polygonatum kingianum polysaccharide alleviated intestinal injuries by mediating antioxidant ability and microbiota DOI Creative Commons
Reng Qiu,

Chunmei Pan,

Yuxi Qin

et al.

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

Introduction Polygonatum kingianum is a well-known medicinal herb with proven bioactivities; however, little known about the effects of its polysaccharide on intestinal injuries in animals induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Methods A total 30 Institute Cancer Research (ICR) mice were divided into control (CH), (MH), and treated (H) groups. Mice group H supplemented 100 mg/kg polysaccharides, while groups C M same amount normal saline gavage for 18 days. On th day LPS (10 mg/kg). Results The results showed weight MH significantly dropped ( P < 0.0001), PK had higher 0.01). Pathological analysis found that majority villi broken short, PK-treated longer considerably integrated villi. length CH 0.0001) was than M, value length/crypt depth smaller crypt 0.0001). Serum inspection MAD 0.05), IL-1β IL-6 TNF-α 0.01) MH, SOD 0.001), T-AOC 0.01), GSH-Px notably H. Microbiome sequencing obtained 844,477 raw 725,469 filtered reads. There 2,407 ASVs detected animals, there 312 328 shared between H, respectively. 5 phyla 20genera remarkable bacteria among including genera Escherichia, Pseudomonas_E, Mailhella, Paramuribaculum , NM07-P-09, Odoribacter, Nanosyncoccus SFM01, Onthenecus, Clostridium_Q UBA6985, Ructibacterium UBA946, Lachnoclostridium_B, Evtepia CAG-269, Limivicinus, Formimonas, Dehalobacterium, Dwaynesavagella UBA6985. We revealed could alleviate promoting oxidation resistance, decreasing inflammatory responses, accommodating microbiota mice. Discussion Our suggest possibility developing novel therapies diseases.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Gut microbiota: an emerging target connecting polycystic ovarian syndrome and insulin resistance DOI Creative Commons

Yufeng Mei,

Wanzhen Li, Bingqi Wang

et al.

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: March 11, 2025

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a highly heterogeneous metabolic disorder, with oligomenorrhea and hirsutism as patients’ primary complaints. Hyperinsulinemia crucial pathophysiological mechanism in the development of PCOS, 50-70% patients exhibiting insulin resistance (IR). This condition not only exacerbates ovulatory dysfunction but also leads to various adverse outcomes, such dyslipidemia diabetes, increases risk cardiovascular events both before after menopause. Gut microbiota microbial community within host that possesses significant potential shaped by external environmental factors, neuro-immune network, metabolism. Recent studies have shown gut dysbiosis closely related progression PCOS. Despite growing recognition role pathogenesis treatment its clinical application remains infancy. Currently, most guidelines expert consensus still emphasize traditional therapeutic approaches, hormonal treatments, lifestyle modifications, sensitizers. However, accumulating evidence suggests may influence reproductive health PCOS through mechanisms. Therefore, understanding between IR essential. review describes changes IR-PCOS patients, examines mechanisms which contributes updates supporting regulatory target IR-PCOS. In summary, be involved improving offer stability benefits.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Unraveling intestinal microbiota’s dominance in polycystic ovary syndrome pathogenesis over vaginal microbiota DOI Creative Commons
Yu Xia,

XiaoQin Li,

Hui Yang

et al.

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: March 28, 2024

Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disease in women, intricately linked to hormonal imbalances. The microbiota composition plays pivotal role influencing levels within the body. In this study, we utilized murine model investigate how intestinal and vaginal interact with hormones development of PCOS. Methods Twenty female mice were randomly assigned normal group (N) (P), where latter received daily subcutaneous injections 0.1 mL DHEA (6 mg/100 g). Throughout experiment, evaluated PCOS mouse by estrus cycle, serum total testosterone (T), prolactin (PRL) luteinizing hormone (LH) levels, ovarian pathological morphology. microbial both content studied 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing. Results Compared N group, P showed significant increases body weight, T, PRL, decrease LH. Ovaries exhibited polycystic changes, estrous cycle was disrupted. result shows that Chao1, ACE, Shannon Simpson indexes decreased, Desulfobacterota Acidobacteriota increased, Muribaculaceae , Limosilactobacillus Lactobacillus decreased group. T significantly positively correlated Enterorhabdus LH Lactobacillus. analysis revealed no changes Shannon, indices. However, there increased Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, Actinobacteriota, Streptococcus . Particularly, Rodentibacter displayed robust negative correlation other components microbiota. Conclusion Therefore, response more than likely involved through its participation regulation.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
The modern pathogenetic challenges of polycystic ovary syndrome DOI Creative Commons
Л. В. Пахаренко, N.Ya. Zhylka, О.S. Shcherbinska

et al.

Reproductive health of woman, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2, P. 75 - 80

Published: March 9, 2024

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the neuroendocrine syndromes in women reproductive age. In pathogenesis its development a great importance paid to hormonal disbalance, metabolic changes, overweight and obesity, diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance, genetic factors, etc. Very often, PCOS accompanied by infertility, cardiovascular risks, mellitus.The article devoted review modern scientific literature about last researches mechanisms disorders which are connected with also, psychological disturbance stress. The describes specific conditions patients. On basis analyzed publications connection between disorders, overweight, obesity lipidogram parameters presented.Also, gut vaginal microbiota described this paper. studies demonstrate significant changes human microbiome course polycystic syndrome. presents concepts difference composition vagina syndrome.The pathogenetic role processes pathogenesis, namely, regulation immune response inflammation pathology, described. It has been shown that there differences microflora intestines, manifested decreased concentration Lactobacillus presence variety other microorganisms compared healthy women.Thus, main links closely each other. That why multimodal approaches for study management patients extremely important.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Potential therapeutic application and mechanism of gut microbiota-derived extracellular vesicles in polycystic ovary syndrome DOI Open Access

Liangliang Yang,

Tingxiu Liu,

Yan Liao

et al.

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 180, P. 117504 - 117504

Published: Sept. 27, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Alzheimer’s Disease-Derived Outer Membrane Vesicles Exacerbate Cognitive Dysfunction, Modulate the Gut Microbiome, and Increase Neuroinflammation and Amyloid-β Production DOI
Shouchao Wei, Xiaochen Ma, Yating Chen

et al.

Molecular Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 8, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Research Advance on the Prevention and Treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Based on Dysbiosis of Gut Microbiota DOI

钰炜 王

Advances in Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(08), P. 895 - 904

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Quinoa ameliorates polycystic ovary syndrome via regulating gut microbiota through PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and autophagy DOI Creative Commons

Jinfang Dou,

Yanxiang Wu, Rentong Hu

et al.

Nutrition & Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: Oct. 11, 2024

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a unity of endocrine and metabolic disorders, associated with PI3K/AKT/mTOR, autophagy, gut microbiota. Quinoa valuable food source, which contains rich minerals, unsaturated fatty acids, has positive modulating effect on diseases. However, its effects potential mechanisms PCOS have not been reported yet. Therefore, the purpose this study to investigate quinoa rats by regulating Ten–week-old female Sprague-Dawley (SD) received letrozole for 24 days induction subsequently were treated diet 8 weeks. Vaginal smears used analyze estrous cycle rats. Hormone biochemical indexes analyzed kit assays glucometer. The pathological changes ovary, pancreas, duodenum colon observed HE staining. PI3K, AKT, mTOR autophagy-related proteins in measured western blot immunohistochemistry Tight junction 16 s rDNA sequencing was detect intestinal microbiota Network pharmacology molecular docking possible targets PCOS. Spearman correlation analysis relationship between microbial abundance hormone levels at phylum genus level. significantly improved parameters PCOS-like rats, state tissues. Especially, regulated expression ovary. may repair barrier upregulating tight colon, regulate factors colon. Additionally, increased Lactobacillu, Bacteroides Oscillospira, decreased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio Blautia, Prevotella, reversing dysregulation Correlation showed that there strong significant related Our result indicated maybe activation PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, inhibition regulation flora.

Language: Английский

Citations

0