Altered Sertoli Cell Function Contributes to Spermatogenic Arrest in Dogs with Chronic Asymptomatic Orchitis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(3), P. 1108 - 1108

Published: Jan. 27, 2025

Acquired infertility due to chronic asymptomatic orchitis (CAO) is a common finding in male dogs. It characterized by spermatogenic arrest, significant reduction spermatogonia, immune cell infiltration and disruption of the blood–testis barrier. Sertoli cells are key factor for spermatogenesis testicular micromilieu. We hypothesize altered function be involved pathogenesis canine CAO. Consequently, aim was gain further insights into spermatogonial stem niche CAO-affected Therefore, expression cell-derived factors bFGF, GDNF, WNT5A, BMP4, CXCL12 LDHC were evaluated 15 CAO testis tissues 10 normospermic controls relative quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). Additionally, protein patterns GDNF WNT5A visualized immunohistochemically (IHC). This study revealed an overexpression bFGF (IHC, p < 0.0001), (qPCR, = 0.0036), 0.0066) 0.0003) BMP4 0.0041) dogs, clearly confirming impaired essential must considered potential therapeutic approaches.

Language: Английский

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Developing a nomogram model for predicting non-obstructive azoospermia using machine learning techniques

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Feb. 14, 2025

Azoospermia, defined by the absence of sperm in ejaculate, manifests as obstructive azoospermia (OA) or non-obstructive (NOA). Reliable predictive models utilizing biomarkers could aid clinical decision-making. This study included 352 patients, with 152 diagnosed OA and 200 NOA. The data were randomly divided into a training set (244 cases) validation (108 for machine learning analysis. was utilized univariate multivariate logistic regression to identify key predictors Following this, nine learning. methods employed refine prediction model. A novel nomogram model developed, its performance evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curves, calibration plots, decision curve Univariate analyses identified semen pH follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) positive NOA, while mean testicular volume (MTV) inhibin B (INHB) negatively correlated Among evaluated, Gradient Boosting Decision Trees achieved highest an area under (AUC) 0.974, whereas Random Forest showed lowest AUC at 0.953. model, incorporating these four factors, demonstrated robust AUCs 0.984 0.976 set. Calibration analysis confirmed model's accuracy utility. Optimal cut-off points identified: FSH 7.50 IU/L (AUC = 0.96), INHB 43.45 pg/ml 0.95), MTV 9.92 ml 0.91), 6.95 0.71). FSH, INHB, MTV, effectively predicts NOA patients. offers valuable tool personalized diagnosis management azoospermia.

Language: Английский

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Seminal plasma proteomics of asymptomatic COVID-19 patients reveals disruption of male reproductive function

BMC Genomics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(1)

Published: March 21, 2025

A considerable proportion of males suffer from asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection, while the effect on reproductive function and underlying pathomechanisms remain unclear. The total sperm count decreased evidently after yet all semen samples were tested to be RNA negative. Through label‑free quantitative proteomic profiling, a 733 proteins further identified in seminal plasma 11 COVID-19 patients seven uninfected controls. Of 37 differentially expressed proteins, 23 upregulated 14 downregulated group compared with control. Functional annotations Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia Genes Genomes (KEGG), Reactome showed that these highly enriched inflammation, immunity-related pathways as well spermatogenesis-associated biological process. Four significantly correlated one or more parameters Spearman's coefficient analysis, filtered potential hub interaction network by MCODE Cytohubba algorithms. Furthermore, we verified results Western blot analysis three representative (ITLN1, GSTM2, PSAP) validation cohort. In summary, our study acute could alter protein profile without direct testicular infection consequently lead impaired quality. These novel findings should enlighten physicians about adverse effects male fertility, provide valuable resources for biologists decipher molecular functions.

Language: Английский

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Predictors of Successful Testicular Sperm Extraction: A New Era for Men with Non-Obstructive Azoospermia

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(12), P. 2679 - 2679

Published: Nov. 25, 2024

Background/Objectives: Non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) is a severe form of male infertility characterized by the absence sperm in ejaculate due to impaired spermatogenesis. Testicular extraction (TESE) combined with intracytoplasmic injection primary treatment, but success rates are unpredictable, causing significant emotional and financial burdens. Traditional clinical hormonal predictors have shown inconsistent reliability. This review aims evaluate current emerging non-invasive preoperative successful retrieval men NOA, highlighting promising biomarkers their potential applications. Methods: A comprehensive literature was conducted, examining studies on factors, imaging techniques, molecular biology biomarkers, genetic testing related TESE outcomes NOA patients. The role artificial intelligence machine learning enhancing predictive models also explored. Results: such as patient age, body mass index, duration, testicular volume, serum hormone levels (follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing inhibin B) limited value for success. Emerging biomarkers-including anti-Müllerian levels, B ratio, specific microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, circular germ-cell-specific proteins like TEX101-show promise predicting retrieval. Advanced techniques high-frequency ultrasound functional magnetic resonance offer require further validation. Integrating algorithms may enhance accuracy. Conclusions: Predicting remains challenging using conventional parameters. improve validation through large-scale studies. Incorporating could refine accuracy, aiding decision-making improving counseling treatment strategies NOA.

Language: Английский

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Identification of differentially expressed genes in human testis biopsies with defective spermatogenesis

Reproductive Medicine and Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract Purpose Sperm morphology and motility are major contributors to male‐factor infertility, with many genes predicted be involved. This study aimed elucidate differentially expressed transcripts in human testis tissues of normal abnormal spermatogenesis that could reveal new may regulate sperm function. Methods Human biopsies were collected from men well‐characterized phenotypes spermatogenesis, spermatid arrest, Sertoli cell‐only phenotype, transcriptional differences quantified by RNA‐sequencing (RNA‐Seq). Differentially (DEGs) filtered based on predominant expression spermatids gene functional annotations relevant motility. Selected 10 DEGs validated qRT‐PCR the localization two proteins was determined biopsies. Results The analysis revealed 6 ( SPATA31E1 , TEKT3 SLC9C1 PDE4A CFAP47 TNC ) excellent candidates for novel enriched developing sperm. immunohistochemical proteins, ORAI1 SPATA31E1, biopsies, verified both germ cells, late spermatocytes spermatids. Conclusion identified cell‐enriched play roles spermiogenesis thus important development morphologically normal, motile

Language: Английский

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Machine Learning-Enhanced SERS for Accurate Azoospermia Diagnosis via Seminal Plasma Exosome Analysis

Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 30, 2024

Male infertility affects 10–15% of couples globally, with azoospermia — complete absence sperm accounting for 15% cases. Traditional diagnostic methods are subjective and variable. This study presents a novel, noninvasive, accurate method using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) combined machine learning to analyze seminal plasma exosomes. Semen samples from healthy controls ([Formula: see text]) azoospermic patients were collected, their exosomal SERS spectra obtained. Machine algorithms employed distinguish between the profiles samples, achieving an impressive sensitivity 99.61% specificity 99.58%, thereby highlighting significant spectral differences. integrated approach offers sensitive, label-free, objective tool early detection monitoring azoospermia, potentially enhancing clinical outcomes patient management.

Language: Английский

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