A systematic review of environmental factors related to WNV circulation in European and Mediterranean countries

One Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16, P. 100478 - 100478

Published: Jan. 6, 2023

West Nile virus (WNV) is one of the most widely distributed flaviviruses worldwide. It considered an endemic and emerging pathogen in different areas Europe Mediterranean countries (MR). Mosquitoes genus Culex spp. are main vectors, birds its vertebrate hosts. can occasionally infect mammals, including humans. Different environmental factors influence distribution transmission through effects on vector or host populations. Our objective was to determine associated with changes WNV MR. Systematic peer review articles published between 2000 2020. We selected studies WNV, vectors carried out The search included terms referring climatic factors. 65 studies, which 21 (32%) were conducted Italy. studied 26 papers (40%), humans 19 (29%) animals (mainly horses) 16 (25%), whereas bird reservoirs addressed 5 (8%). A significant positive relationship observed temperature precipitation patterns epidemiology although contrasting results found among studies. Other positively related dynamics normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI] expansion anthropized habitats. seems be that changing globally due ongoing climate change. Unfortunately, complete zoonotic cycle not analyzed papers, making it difficult independent impact environment components cycle. Given current endemicity area, important adopt holistic approaches understand improve surveillance control.

Language: Английский

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Interactive effects of rising temperatures and urbanisation on birds across different climate zones: A mechanistic perspective

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(9), P. 2399 - 2420

Published: March 13, 2023

Abstract Climate change and urbanisation are among the most pervasive rapidly growing threats to biodiversity worldwide. However, their impacts usually considered in isolation, interactions rarely examined. Predicting species' responses combined effects of climate urbanisation, therefore, represents a pressing challenge global biology. Birds important model taxa for exploring both behaviour physiology have been well studied urban non‐urban systems. This understanding should allow interactive rising temperatures be inferred, yet considerations these almost entirely lacking from empirical research. Here, we synthesise our current potential mechanisms that could affect how species respond with focus on avian taxa. We discuss motivate future in‐depth research this critically important, overlooked, aspect Increased pronounced consequence (through heat island effect) change. The biological impact warming systems will likely differ magnitude direction when interacting other factors typically vary between habitats, such as resource availability (e.g. water, food microsites) pollution levels. Furthermore, nature may cities situated different types, example, tropical, arid, temperate, continental polar. Within article, highlight drivers mechanistic birds, identify knowledge gaps propose promising avenues. A deeper behavioural physiological mediating provide novel insights into ecology evolution under help better predict population responses.

Language: Английский

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Protecting alpine biodiversity in the Middle East from climate change: Implications for high‐elevation birds

Diversity and Distributions, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(5)

Published: March 1, 2024

Abstract Aims The Middle East, located in the arid belt of Earth, is home to a diverse range biodiversity, with its mountain ecosystems being most important centres species diversity and endemism. In this study, impact climate change on alpine bird East was assessed across five systems: Alborz–Kopet‐Dagh, Caucasus–Pontic, Levant–Taurus, Sarawat–Hijaz Zagros–Central Iran. Location East. Methods Using distribution models (SDMs), 38 native were analysed under different scenarios. We also identified future multispecies situ ex refugia efficiency current protected areas (PAs) system protecting them. Results results indicated that, average, habitat suitability for these projected decline by 36.83% (2050, SSP2‐4.5) 60.10% (2070, SSP5‐8.5) an upward shift. Based stacking species, Iran Alborz–Kopet–Dagh ranges will experience highest amount loss, respectively, Caucasus–Pontic least affected. gap analysis showed that existing PAs covers only 13% 10% climatic refugia, respectively. Conclusions Our findings underscore significance mountainous regions persistence urgent need prioritize transboundary participatory conservation plans. It crucial prevent degradation alteration resulting from human activities ensure their habitats.

Language: Английский

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Temperature, size and developmental plasticity in birds

Biology Letters, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 18(12)

Published: Dec. 1, 2022

As temperatures increase, there is growing evidence that species across much of the tree life are getting smaller. These climate change-driven size reductions often interpreted as a temporal analogue observation individuals within tend to be smaller in warmer parts species' range. For ectotherms, has been broad effort understand role developmental plasticity temperature-size relationships, but endotherms, this mechanism received relatively little attention favour selection-based explanations. We review for warming-driven birds and highlight insulin-like growth factors potential underlying plastic responses temperature endotherms. find that, with changes during development can result shifts body birds, associated being most frequent association. This suggests may an important, largely overlooked, Plasticity natural selection have very different constraining forces, thus understanding linking endotherms implications predicting future impacts change on biodiversity.

Language: Английский

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Genetic and morphological shifts associated with climate change in a migratory bird

BMC Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

Abstract Background Rapid morphological change is emerging as a consequence of climate in many systems. It intuitive to hypothesize that temporal trends are driven by the same selective pressures have established well-known ecogeographic patterns over spatial environmental gradients (e.g., Bergman’s and Allen’s rules). However, mechanistic understanding contemporary shifts lacking. Results We combine data whole genome sequencing from four-decade dataset migratory bird hermit thrush ( Catharus guttatus ) test whether time accompanied genetic change. Using genome-wide association, we identify alleles associated with body size, bill length, wing length. Shifts morphology concordant morphology-associated would support basis for observed changes recent decades, potentially an adaptive response In our data, size decreases were paralleled size-associated alleles. On other hand, showed no shift frequency time. Conclusions Together, results show mixed evolutionary explanations Temporal hypothesis selection driving trends. The lack evidence could be explained large role plasticity or technical limitations likely polygenic architecture both. Disentangling mechanisms responsible changing environments will vital predicting future organismal population responses

Language: Английский

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Crecimiento posnatal en aves marinas de Sudamérica: adaptaciones, estado del conocimiento y herramientas estadísticas para su estudio

El Hornero, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 39(2), P. 125 - 138

Published: Jan. 16, 2025

La etapa de crecimiento posnatal es clave en el ciclo vida los individuos ya que la variación las trayectorias y fenotipos juveniles resultantes pueden afectar directamente a habilidades competitivas, supervivencia éxito apareamiento futuro, lo se refleja última instancia términos eficacia biológica. En este sentido, pesar diferentes aspectos del corporal han sido estudiados aves general marinas particular, estudios realizados sudamericanas son escasos. Aquí, presento una síntesis causas próximas, últimas, e implicancias marinas, abordando además utilidad algunas herramientas estadísticas para su estudio. Asimismo, planteo revisión bibliográfica información existente región, identificando interés ser considerados futuros estudios.

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Interacting effects of cold snaps, rain, and agriculture on the fledging success of a declining aerial insectivore

Ecological Applications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 32(7)

Published: April 27, 2022

Abstract Climate change predicts the increased frequency, duration, and intensity of inclement weather periods such as unseasonably low temperatures (i.e., cold snaps) prolonged precipitation. Many migratory species have advanced phenology important life history stages and, a result, are likely to be exposed these spring more often, therefore risking reduced fitness population growth. For declining avian species, including aerial insectivores, anthropogenic landscape changes agricultural intensification another driver declines. These may affect foraging ability food provisioning parents reduce survival nestlings through, for example, pesticide exposure impairing thermoregulation punctual anorexia. Breeding in agro‐intensive landscapes exacerbate negative effects under climate change. We observed that significant reduction availability insect prey occurred when daily maximum fell below 18.3°C, thereby defined any day temperature this value witnessing snap. then combined information on occurrence snaps measures precipitation assess their impact fledging success Tree Swallows ( Tachycineta bicolor ) occupying nest box system placed across gradient intensification. Estimated insectivore was 36.2% lower broods experiencing 4 cold‐snap days during 12 post‐hatching period versus none, relationship worsened facing further found overall brood exacerbated landscapes. Our results indicate two primary hypothesized drivers many declines interact increase rate certain contexts.

Language: Английский

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High-elevation birds grow more slowly but to heavier weights than low-elevation birds

Oecologia, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 207(3)

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Effects of Heat Waves During Post-natal Development on Mitochondrial and Whole Body Physiology: An Experimental Study in Zebra Finches

Frontiers in Physiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: April 27, 2021

Human-induced climate change is increasing the frequency, duration, and intensity of heat waves exposure to these extreme temperatures impacts individual physiology performance (e.g., metabolism, water balance, growth). These traits may be susceptible thermal conditions experienced during embryonic development, but experiments focusing on post-natal development are scant. Documented effects whole-body metabolism reflect changes in mitochondrial function, most studies do not measure physiological at both cellular whole organism levels. Here, we exposed nests zebra finches experimentally simulated for 18 days after hatching measured body mass, growth rate, metabolic temperature, wet conductance, evaporative loss, relative economy chicks three ages corresponding ectothermic (day 5), poikilothermic 12), homoeothermic 50) stages. Additionally, bioenergetics blood cells 80 post-hatch. While early-life wave did impact hygric physiology, temperature was lower birds from heated compared with control 12 50 age. There also an effect nest heating level, mitochondria having higher endogenous proton-leak related respiration, although oxidative phosphorylation, maximum respiratory capacity, coupling efficiency were impacted. Our results suggest that high ambient induces programming cellular-level apparent whole-animal metabolism.

Language: Английский

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Factors determining nest‐site selection of surface‐nesting seabirds: a case study on the world's largest pelagic bird, the Wandering Albatross (Diomedea exulans)

Ibis, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 165(1), P. 190 - 203

Published: July 12, 2022

Several factors may drive bird nest‐site selection, including predation risk, resource availability, weather conditions and interaction with other individuals. Understanding the drivers affecting where birds nest is important for conservation planning, especially environmental change alter distribution of suitable nest‐sites. This study investigates which variables affect selection by Wandering Albatross Diomedea exulans , world's largest pelagic bird. Here, wind characteristics are quantitatively investigated as a driver in surface‐nesting birds, addition to several topographical variables, vegetation geological characteristics. Nest locations from three different breeding seasons on sub‐Antarctic Marion Island were modelled assess selection. Elevation was most determinant Albatrosses only nesting at low elevations. Distance coast terrain roughness also predictors, nests more generally found close flatter terrain, followed velocity, showed hump‐shaped relationship probability occurrence. Nests occurred frequently coastal types, absent polar desert (generally above c . 500 m elevation). Of that influence location, both type likely be influenced climate change, have already changed over last 50 years. As result, availability nest‐sites needs considered light future impacts these changes will foraging patterns prey distribution. More broadly, results provide insights into how wide range wind, can seabirds.

Language: Английский

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