Development and field validation of RPA‐CRISPR‐Cas environmental DNA assays for the detection of brown trout (Salmo trutta) and Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus)

Environmental DNA, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 5(2), P. 240 - 250

Published: Dec. 26, 2022

Abstract Molecular methods are rapidly evolving to enable nucleic acid diagnostics outside a laboratory setting. Such techniques primarily utilizing isothermal amplification such as Recombinase Polymerase Amplification (RPA) and Loop‐Mediated Isothermal (LAMP) but yet be fully explored for monitoring using environmental DNA (eDNA). We previously presented an RPA‐CRISPR‐Cas approach detection of Atlantic salmon in Ireland Canada this manuscript we present further application technique brown trout Arctic char the Burrishoole Catchment, Co. Mayo, Ireland. In developing these assays, offer alternative PCR‐based assays published have evolved streamlined single‐species RPA‐CRISPR‐Cas, reducing fluorescence acquisition time from 2 h 30 min. This demonstrates applicability eDNA‐based beyond with added benefit faster assay without compromising sensitivity.

Language: Английский

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Streamlining boldness measurement in fish: A practical approach to field studies

Behavioural Processes, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 226, P. 105162 - 105162

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

Personality is an area of increasing interest in fish ecology because its potential to affect important ecological processes. Assessing personality traits, such as boldness, usually involves a combination tests and repeated trials controlled laboratory environments. However, distress from transportation, handling extended time artificial settings may behaviour, increase stress disrupt natural processes feeding. As such, there need for simplified way assess boldness within field setting. Here, using juvenile salmonid model, we describe modified open test that can easily be applied close habitats. A startle response following sudden exposure light novel environment was used measure brown trout two case studies. We showed significantly correlated size with smaller individuals being bolder than larger individuals. In secondary study, assessed whether the method could investigate differences relating migration timing sea found early migrants were late migrants. hope this offers easy approach measuring on site particularly useful situations where transport unfeasible.

Language: Английский

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A common garden experiment in the wild reveals heritable differences in migration tendencies among brown trout populations

Journal of Fish Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

Abstract We undertook a common garden experiment in the Burrishoole catchment, western Ireland, to test for heritable life‐history differences among neighboring brown trout ( Salmo trutta L.) populations that exhibit neutral genetic divergence. Experimental crosses were made using either local females (obtained from below‐waterfalls section of Rough River within Burrishoole) or Erriff River—a catchment currently produces stronger run anadromous migrants than Burrishoole. Each female was mated three different types males: Below‐Falls, Above‐Falls (resident males obtained above waterfalls), and Erriff. Offspring resulting six introduced as unfed fry into stretch bounded upstream by waterfalls downstream Wolf‐type fish trap (Rough Downstream Trap, RRDT). Genetic parentage analysis (16 microsatellite markers) then used assign offspring sampled at various time points locations back cross type. No parr survival rates (electrofishing River) found crosses, but moving (intercepted RRDT) skewed toward × male cross, with deficit assigning Below‐Falls cross. Smolts leaving fresh water (sampled two sea‐entry traps) assigned disproportionately involving one parents. pure more likely become putative spawners those parents, pointing possible adaptation. These results are consistent variation migratory tendencies—a key aspect intraspecific biodiversity warrants protection—and previous suggestions system may have evolved recently reduced anadromy following novel catastrophic anthropogenic change.

Language: Английский

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Six decades of ecohydrological research connecting landscapes and riverscapes in the Girnock Burn, Scotland: Atlantic salmon population and habitat dynamics in a changing world

Hydrological Processes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 38(3)

Published: March 1, 2024

Abstract Long‐term data are crucial for understanding ecological responses to climate and land use change; they also vital evidence informing management. As a migratory fish, Atlantic salmon sentinels of both global local environmental change. This paper reviews the main insights from six decades research in an upland Scottish stream (Girnock Burn) inhabited by spring population dominated multi‐sea‐winter fish. Research began 1960s providing census returning adults, juvenile emigrants in‐stream production salmon. Early pioneered new monitoring techniques into ecology dynamics. These studies underlined need interdisciplinary approaches interactions with physical, chemical biological components habitats at different life‐stages. highlighted variations catchment‐scale hydroclimate, hydrology, geomorphology hydrochemistry as essential freshwater wider landscape context. Evolution has resulted remarkable catalogue novel findings underlining value long‐term that increases time modelling tools advance leverage more “big data”. Data available on fish numbers, sizes ages across multiple life stages, extending over many covering wide range stock levels. Combined unusually detailed characterization environment, these have enabled unique process‐based controls bottlenecks dynamics entire lifecycle consequences declining marine survival ova deposition. Such powerful datasets, methodological enhancements resulting process informed supported development assessment which been applied aid management threatened stocks large‐catchment, regional national scales. Many pioneering developed internationally. history shows importance integrating discovery science policy assessing efficacy options. It demonstrates continue resource sites, act focus inter‐disciplinary innovation, where overall greatly exceeds costs individual component parts.

Language: Английский

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For the love of suckers: scientific benefits of engaging volunteers to monitor migrations and advocate for native non-game fishes

Environmental Biology of Fishes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 29, 2024

Language: Английский

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Autumn outmigrants in brown trout (Salmo trutta) are not a demographic dead‐end

Journal of Fish Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 102(6), P. 1327 - 1339

Published: March 13, 2023

Abstract Genetic identity analysis and PIT (passive integrated transponder) tagging were used to examine the freshwater return rates phenotypic characteristics of n = 1791 downstream migrating juvenile Salmo trutta in Burrishoole catchment (northwest Ireland) across period September 2017 December 2020. In this system, juveniles out‐migrate (move from into brackish or marine habitats) every month year, with distinct seasonal peaks spring (March through June; mostly silvered smolts) autumn (September December; younger, unsilvered fry parr). Both types exhibited a sex‐bias towards females, which was stronger (78% females) than outmigrants (67%). Sixty‐nine returning fish matched back previous outmigrants, similar found for (5.0%), (3.3%) that out‐migrated outside (2.8%). Spring returned at dates (typically mid late July), but away longer periods (median 612 days; 104 days). Autumn 25% smaller outmigration 6% on their return, within both groups smaller/younger spent larger/older outmigrants. more likely as “slob” trout (84%) (31%), suggesting they make greater use habitats might be safer, less productive, fully habitats. Nonetheless, also produced “sea trout” (≥1+ sea‐age), implying neither is locked single life‐history strategy. The findings emphasise transitional support persistence should not overlooked salmonid management conservation.

Language: Английский

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Disruptions caused by invasive species and climate change on the functional diversity of a fish community

NeoBiota, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 88, P. 211 - 244

Published: Oct. 26, 2023

As the effects of climate change continue to intensify, non-native species are becoming more prevalent in estuarine ecosystems. This has implications for taxonomic and functional diversity fish communities. Historically, biodiversity been a synonym diversity, however this approach often fails provide accurate insights on ecosystem functioning resilience. To better understand how is impacting fishes their traits’ composition, long-term dataset from Minho Estuary (NW Iberian Peninsula) assemblage was analyzed. The results suggest that extreme weather events altered prevailing trait modalities fishes, which led overall decrease over course decade. associated loss some exclusively found native species. On other hand, invasive added novel traits with conditions high temperatures low precipitation regime currently observed studied area. Our highlight shift presence dominance directly influenced by climatic changes. Also, despite addition species, now less taxonomically diverse than previously. Graphical abstract

Language: Английский

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Patterns of declining zooplankton energy in the northeast Atlantic as an indicator for marine survival of Atlantic salmon

ICES Journal of Marine Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 81(6), P. 1164 - 1184

Published: June 22, 2024

Abstract Return rates of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) from the sea to European rivers have declined in recent decades. The first months at are critical for growth and survival; evidence suggests that reduced food availability may be a contributory factor observed declines. Here, zooplankton abundance data used derive measure prey energy available forage fish during early marine migration. This has significantly dramatically over much northeast Atlantic, specifically within key migration domains, past 60 years. Marine return set southern populations found exhibit clustering not entirely predictable geographical proximity. Variability grouped these is correlated with on range scales, demonstrating potential use as an indicator survival. Comparison environmental variables derived ocean model reanalysis regulated by combination climate change impacts ecosystem productivity multi-decadal variability water mass influence along routes.

Language: Английский

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Global warming is projected to lead to increased freshwater growth potential and changes in pace of life in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar

Journal of Fish Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 104(3), P. 647 - 661

Published: Nov. 1, 2023

Abstract Global warming has been implicated in widespread demographic changes Atlantic salmon Salmo salar populations, but projections of life‐history responses to future climate change are lacking. Here, we first exploit multiple decades and biological data from the Burrishoole catchment west Ireland model statistical relationships between atmospheric variables, water temperature, freshwater growth juvenile salmon. We then use this information project potential scheduling under three shared socioeconomic pathway representative concentration scenarios 1961 2100, based on an ensemble five models. Historical temperatures were well predicted with a recurrent neural network, using observation‐based forcing data. Length‐at‐age was turn also by cumulative growing degree days calculated these temperatures. Most juveniles population migrated sea as 2‐year‐old smolts, our indicate that system should start producing greater proportion 1‐year‐old increasingly more cross size‐based threshold their summer for smoltification following spring. Those failing will instead become at larger length relative smolts observed currently, owing overall opportunity. These age‐ size‐at‐seaward migration could have cascading effects size‐at‐maturity reproductive output. Consequently, seemingly small results demonstrate cause significant shifts dynamics over full life cycle. This workflow is highly applicable across range salmon, other anadromous species, it uses openly accessible length‐at‐age minimal input requirements, fostering improved general understanding phenotypic management implications.

Language: Английский

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Disruptions caused by invasive species and climate change on the functional diversity of a fish community

Published: June 22, 2023

As the effects of climate change continue to intensify, non-native species are becoming more prevalent in estuarine ecosystems. This has implications for taxonomic and functional diversity fish communities. Historically, biodiversity been a synonym diversity, however this approach often fails provide accurate insights on ecosystem functioning resilience. To better understand how is impacting fishes their traits composition, long-term dataset from Minho Estuary (NW Iberian Peninsula) assemblage was analyzed. The results suggest that extreme weather events altering prevailing trait modalities fishes, which led overall decrease over course decade. associated loss some exclusively found native species. On other hand, invasive added novel conditions high temperatures low precipitation regime currently observed studied area. Our highlight shift presence dominance directly influenced by climatic changes. Also, despite addition species, now less diverse than previously.

Language: Английский

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