Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Language: Английский
Remote Sensing of Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 290, P. 113529 - 113529
Published: March 15, 2023
Forest age is an important variable for assessments of biodiversity and habitat, sustainable forest land management, as well carbon science modeling. Tree stand are typically measured directly on site, or estimated through visual photo interpretation, with spatially explicit maps not often produced over large areas. Remote sensing enables the generation wall-to wall, disturbance events within satellite record; however, relatively rare landscape in a given year, additional means determining required. As reviewed herein, estimation using optical Earth observation data challenging due to limited spectral link attribute interest, especially forests get older. The temporally dictated multi-method approach outlined herein acknowledges these limitations, by applying that best suited quality information available, depending epoch interest. In this research, we combine three approaches estimate at 30-m spatial resolution Landsat data. first uses change detection protocols detect from 1985 2019, time since used proxy age. second surface reflectance composites identify pixels exhibiting evidence recovery occurred twenty years prior 1985, allowing extension estimates 1965. Finally, understanding linkage between canopy height, inverted allometric equations coupled structure productivity metrics model those show no maximum 150 years, acknowledging uncertainty increases increasing Combining approaches, made every treed pixel found 650 Mha forested ecosystems Canada. Nationwide, mean ≤150 old (representing 94.1% area) was 70 (standard deviation = 32.1 years). For confidence building, were compared reported National Inventory (NFI) both aspatially. Nationally, 5.9% area be older than while 9.5% NFI sample recorded years. median 68 73 regional variability matching expectations related regimes productivity. Spatially provide can inform wide range policy, science, management needs.
Language: Английский
Citations
35
Communications Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(1)
Published: May 14, 2024
Abstract Carbon accounting in the land sector requires a reference level from which to calculate past losses of carbon and potential for gains using stock-based target. carrying capacity represented by stock primary forests is an ecologically-based that allows estimation mitigation derived protecting restoring increase their stocks. Here we measured collated tree inventory data at forest sites including research studies, literature inventories (7982 sites, 288,262 trees, 27 countries) across boreal, temperate, subtropical Global Ecological Zones within Europe. We calculated total biomass per hectare (above- below-ground, dead biomass) found it was 1.6 times larger on average than modelled global maps 2.3 all forests. Large trees (diameter greater 60 cm) accounted 50% are important reservoirs. foregone harvesting 12–52% demonstrated potential. Estimated gain protecting, ongoing growth existing equated 309 megatons dioxide equivalents year, additional to, higher than, current sink, comparable Green Deal 2030 target removals.
Language: Английский
Citations
13
Frontiers in Environmental Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12
Published: June 24, 2024
Social-ecological systems (SESs) possess a great diversity of land use and cover (LULC) types with unique assemblages biodiversity ecosystem services. However, LULC changes due to landscape fragmentation are emerging as major threats the system productivity SESs around world. This study examined extent patterns in Village Tank Cascade Systems (VTCSs) Sri Lanka using satellite imagery GIS techniques between 1994 2021. Multispectral Landsat images (5 TM 8 OLI/TIRS) obtained from Google Earth Engine were classified machine learning algorithms. Overall accuracies 85.9% (1994) 88.6% (2021). The change matrix spatial pattern metrics used examine dynamics over VTCS landscapes. results revealed that forest, which is dominant class covering 73.7% total area was reduced by 206,725 ha transformation into agricultural (70.43%) scrub (24.33%) lands Over this time has gradually changed forest land-dominated landscape, showing significant negative correlation ( p < 0.001; R 2 > 0.868), particularly southeastern region. Landscape analysed based on eight calculated at both levels FRAGSTATS analysis software. At level, structure became more dispersed complex shape. Heterogeneity noted have increased weakening connectivity, whereas process had accelerated. dominance patches decreased, isolation increased, connectivity shape complexity leading loss fragmented habitats. number within aggregated performance indicators show VTCSs experienced gradual environmental sustainability. Assessment along can help monitor impacts determine ecological integrity. Thus, provides scientific guidance for restoration degraded effectively improve productivity.
Language: Английский
Citations
5
Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)
Published: Jan. 14, 2025
Ecosystem restoration can contribute to climate change mitigation, as recovering ecosystems sequester atmospheric CO2 in biomass and soils. It is, however, unclear how much soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks recover across different restored ecosystems. Here, we show SOC recovery contexts globally by consolidating 41 meta-analyses into a second-order meta-analysis. We find that projects have, since their inception, led significant increases compared the degraded state 12 out of 16 ecosystem-previous land-use combinations, with mean thus far range from 25% (grasslands; 10–39%, 95% CI) 79% (shrublands; 38–120% CI). Yet, observe deficit pristine sites, ranging 14% (forests; 12–16% 50% (wetlands; 14–87% While does increase sequestration SOC, it should not be viewed way fully offset losses natural ecosystems, whose conservation has priority. boosts stocks, but levels. Our global meta-analysis shows contexts, yet reveals
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 305, P. 111057 - 111057
Published: March 9, 2025
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Atmosphere, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(4), P. 418 - 418
Published: April 3, 2025
This study investigated the impact of grassland and cropland expansion on carbon (C) nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions using remote sensing data machine learning models. The research focused agricultural land-use changes in South Sumatra from 1992 to 2018, utilizing Landsat satellite imagery Google Earth Engine (GEE) for spatial temporal analysis. Machine algorithms, including gradient boosting trees (GBT), random forest (RF), support vector machines (SVM), classification regression (CART), were employed estimate greenhouse gas based multiple environmental parameters. These parameters include enhanced vegetation index (EVI), land surface temperature (LST), normalized difference (NDVI), albedo, elevation, humidity, population density, precipitation, soil moisture, wind speed. results revealed a strong correlation between increased C N2O emissions, with RF GBT models demonstrating superior predictive accuracy. Specifically, achieved highest R2 value (0.71, 0.59) lowest error metrics modeling whereas SVM performed poorly across all cases. highlights effectiveness quantifying emission dynamics underscores necessity sustainable management strategies mitigate emissions. By integrating data-driven methodologies, this contributes climate change mitigation policies precision agriculture aimed at balancing food security sustainability.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 306, P. 111114 - 111114
Published: April 9, 2025
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 8
Published: April 9, 2025
Conservation of old-growth forests and their biodiversity climate benefits requires coordinated actions across spatiotemporal scales, including restrictions on harvest old mature trees longer-term landscape planning for recovery. In 2024, the US government drafted a National Old-Growth Amendment (NOGA) to enhance consideration growth in planning. The amendment was never finalized due change administrations. However, debate associated with proposed NOGA remains relevant several reasons. key points also underpin discussion regarding ongoing regional policy initiatives such as amendments Northwest Forest Plan (NWFP). illustrates questions that should inform national under future Lastly, highlights challenges common globally nations implement Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework. Although provides useful foundation initiatives, more attention must be paid implications variation context which occurs ecosystems. New learn from efforts, NWFP’s insights design reserves is essential conservation species, services, processes Reserves, conceived places where extractive uses are restricted but beneficial human activities supported, compatible strategies ecosystem restoration Indigenous-led conservation. An approach builds NOGA’s adaptive can form long-term forest ecosystems by protecting refugia, addressing barriers connectivity, enhancing monitoring capacity. Ecosystem-based standards needed ensure protection so recruitment into stage shifts towards historic proportions growth. addition clarifying goals ecological integrity, comprehensive incorporate recovering at-risk species based relationships scales between habitat viability. Land management agencies need articulate vision recovery depleted elements (including both naturally disturbed younger stands) via designation large areas anchored remaining stands, surrounded managed native biodiversity, services.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(4)
Published: April 1, 2025
ABSTRACT Strategies for restoring degraded ecosystems vary widely in the levels of human intervention. It has commonly been assumed that recovery with artificial inputs would be quicker and more efficient. However, is this truly situation? We conducted a meta‐analysis to evaluate differences applicability between ecological restoration rehabilitation. Relationships soil phosphorus content, plant diversity, microbial diversity were analyzed using 463 valid experimental data points collected from 72 publications. The results indicated grassland ecosystems, outperformed rehabilitation by 35%, 68%, 38%, 48% belowground biomass, community coverage, richness, Shannon respectively. In forests, trailed behind 58%, 26%, 92% Simpson bacterial diversity. Furthermore, there was minimal difference mode among different fungal phyla. Rehabilitation demonstrated lower stability efficiency long‐term cycling compared restoration. Overall, offers stable efficient cycling, thereby questioning effectiveness sustainable ecosystem recovery, especially species cycling.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6
Published: Jan. 20, 2023
Intact forests contribute to the ecosystem functionality of landscapes by storing and sequestering carbon, buffering cooling microclimate, providing a range related functions. Forest fragmentation not only poses threat many organisms but also reduces resistance resilience ecosystem, which is especially relevant ongoing climate crisis. The effects recent extreme heat years on in Germany have been studied detail for influence fragmentation. We investigate relation forest with temperature vitality per ecoregion at canopy level using satellite imagery 1-km 30-m resolution. compiled correlated maps connectivity based Thiessen polygons, temperatures hottest days land surface temperature, maximum normalized difference vegetation index growing season. differentiated between ecoregions main types. In 2022, larger intact tree-covered areas that are less fragmented relatively low hot higher overall vitality. Nearly 98% almost 1.95 million fragments resolution smaller than 1 km 2 , cover nearly 30% total area. To counteract crisis, landscape management should aim reduce maintain tree biomass landscape. Increasing size continuous contributes ecosystem-based adaptation change.
Language: Английский
Citations
10