Translating genomic advances into biodiversity conservation

Nature Reviews Genetics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 25(5), P. 362 - 373

Published: Nov. 27, 2023

Language: Английский

---

Harnessing the omics revolution to address the global biodiversity crisis

Current Opinion in Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 80, P. 102901 - 102901

Published: Feb. 10, 2023

Language: Английский

---

Structural genomic variation in the inbred Scandinavian wolf population contributes to the realized genetic load but is positively affected by immigration

Evolutionary Applications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

When populations decrease in size and may become isolated, genomic erosion by loss of diversity from genetic drift accumulation deleterious mutations is likely an inevitable consequence. In such cases, immigration (genetic rescue) necessary to restore levels counteract inbreeding depression. Recent work conservation genomics has studied these processes focusing on the single nucleotide polymorphisms. contrast, our knowledge about structural variation (insertions, deletions, duplications inversions) endangered species limited. We analysed whole-genome, short-read sequences 212 wolves inbred Scandinavian population neighbouring Finland Russia, detected >35,000 variants (SVs) after stringent quality genotype frequency filtering; >26,000 high-confidence remained manual curation. The majority were shorter than 1 kb, with a distinct peak length distribution deletions at 190 bp, corresponding insertion events SINE/tRNA-Lys elements. site spectrum SVs protein-coding regions was significantly shifted towards rare alleles compared putatively neutral variants, consistent purifying selection. realized load increased population, but provided rescue effect lowering reintroducing ancestral loci fixed for derived SVs. Our study shows that comprises common type part establishing gene flow mitigate negative consequences diversity.

Language: Английский

---

Non-invasive eDNA reveals the ecological and genetic status of the Western Capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus aquitanicus) in the Eastern Pyrenees

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 18, 2025

ABSTRACT The Anthropocene era is expected to bring about significant biodiversity and habitat loss for many species. These geographical changes, whether driven by climatic or anthropogenic factors, are likely lead considerable alterations in population size, structure, genetic diversity. Monitoring natural populations therefore essential assess these impacts enable informed conservation strategies threatened Western Capercaillie ( Tetrao urogallus , L. 1758) has a widespread distribution Boreal forests but fragmented mountainous regions of the Palearctic, locally climate change, destruction, human disturbance. Our study focused on eastern subspecies T. u. aquitanicus, which endemic Pyrenees mountains. monitoring this relied direct methods no information had been generated so far. Here, we conducted molecular based 229 non-invasive samples (faeces) ecological status local Catalan Nature Reserves Pyrénées-Orientales (Occitanie region, France). At individual level, assessed multi-locus genotypes, sexing, levels inbreeding, stress level (Fecal Corticosterone Metabolites; FCMs) diet. sex ratio, diversity structure. We identified 62 individuals with balanced ratio estimated census size 79 [95%CI = 68–92] area. Genetic was low suggested inbreeding levels. FCM were lower birds areas considered as disturbed humans metabarcoding approach indicated structuring diet composition at reserve scale, exhibiting feeding behavior upon only one few plant estimate higher figures from lek counts, provided additional insights population, establishing baseline that will support management plans.

Language: Английский

---

Performance Evaluation of Different Blood Levels of Crossbred Dorper Sheep and Farmers’ Perception Toward Crossbred Dorper Sheep in Central South Zone, Southern Ethiopia

Advances in Agriculture, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 2025(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

This study evaluates the growth performance of Dorper × indigenous crossbred sheep under semi‐intensive management system and assesses farmers’ perceptions toward these lambs in southern Ethiopia. Performance data, namely, birth weight (BWT), weaning (WWT), average daily gain from to (ADG0‐3), were collected Mente Dubo breed evaluation distribution (BED) site. To gather comprehensive information on production systems perceptions, on‐farm surveys conducted Damot Pulasa, Gae, Sore districts Wolaita Zone using semistructured questionnaires. Data analyzed different procedures Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software. Analysis revealed that, system, least squares means (LSM) BWT, WWT, ADG0‐3 2.84 ± 0.06 kg, 15.40 0.90 137.78 99 g/day, respectively, with a preweaning survivability rate 77.7%. Farmers primarily raised income generation (index = 0.28) as form savings 0.25). expressed preference due their faster rates (odds ratio [OR] 1.95, p < 0.05) docile behavior (OR 2.12, ≤ 0.01). However, challenges such increased susceptibility disease color‐related drawbacks also identified. In conclusion, there is possibility continuing cross‐lamb disseminating it selected pocket areas within areas. The could be promoted an optional genetic material. ensure better survival lambs, important integrate improved systems, enhanced feed, housing, healthcare.

Language: Английский

---

Genomic consequences of intensive inbreeding in miniature inbred pigs

BMC Genomics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(1)

Published: Feb. 17, 2025

Inbreeding, a central theme in evolutionary and conservation biology, is crucial practice breeding to stabilize enhance the specific traits or establish inbred lines. It also carries risk of inbreeding depression, reduced fitness, increased potential for extinction. Nevertheless, has been extensively studied small endangered populations but its effects large domesticated animals are poorly understood. Here, we aim investigate genomic consequences Banna miniature pig (BN), breed that over 40 years. We have sequenced 41 genomes BN Diannan (DN) at high-coverage (> 31×) combined them with published whole-genomes swine comprehensively genetic inbreeding. find genetically closely related DN, which consistent records. All families undergone an extreme bottleneck due intensive inbreeding, resulting higher coefficients, diversity, lower effective population size (Ne) compare non-inbred pigs. Furthermore, DN exhibit load relative Asian wild boars. Prolonged bottlenecks led some purging deleterious mutations compared conversion from masked realized load. present comprehensive analysis understand assess pigs perspective genomics. Utilizing measurements proves estimating especially when detailed accurate historical record pedigree lacking. Our results provide valuable resources on impacts potentially guiding efforts breeding, improvement, conservation.

Language: Английский

---

Temporal Loss of Genome‐Wide and Immunogenetic Diversity in a Near‐Extinct Parrot

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 25, 2025

Loss of genetic diversity threatens a species' adaptive potential and long-term resilience. Predicted to be extinct by 2038, the orange-bellied parrot (Neophema chrysogaster) is critically endangered migratory bird threatened numerous viral, bacterial fungal diseases. The species has undergone multiple population crashes, reaching low three wild-born females 13 males in 2016, now represented only single wild individuals captive breeding program. Here we used our high-quality long-read reference genome, contemporary (N = 19) historical 16) resequenced genomes from as early 1829, track genomic erosion immunogenetic decline this species. 62% was lost between (mean autosomal heterozygosity 0.00149 ± 0.000699 SD) (0.00057 0.000026) parrots. A greater number length runs homozygosity samples were also observed. temporal reduction alleles at Toll-like receptor genes found (historical average 5.78 2.73; 3.89 2.10), potentially exacerbating disease susceptibility population. Of particular concern new threat avian influenza strain (HPAI) Australia. We discuss conservation implications findings propose that hybridisation synthetic biology may required address catastrophic loss occurred order prevent extinction.

Language: Английский

---

Gene Flow Across Large Distances in the Cavity‐Nesting Wasp Deuteragenia subintermedia in a Central European Forest

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(4)

Published: April 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Habitat connectivity and maintaining gene flow between populations is central for long‐term population persistence an essential element in conservation planning. However, data on dispersal ability genetic structure lacking almost all insect species. We here investigate if forest localities the temperate, European Black Forest are connected by flow. For this, we used partial genome sequencing specimens of solitary cavity‐nesting wasp Deuteragenia subintermedia (Hymenoptera, Pompilidae), a specialist that primarily nests deadwood. assumed spatially uneven availability standing deadwood has led to substructuring. Contrary our expectations, did not find signs either regional or individual level. Hence, this species, seems be restricted across study sites (approximately 90 km distance) none investigated environmental variables impacted connectivity.

Language: Английский

---

What are the Strategies for Genetic Conservation in Animal Populations in the Neotropics?

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Population Genomic History of the Endangered Anatolian and Cyprian Mouflons in Relation to Worldwide Wild, Feral, and Domestic Sheep Lineages

Genome Biology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(5)

Published: April 25, 2024

Once widespread in their homelands, the Anatolian mouflon (Ovis gmelini anatolica) and Cyprian ophion) were driven to near extinction during 20th century are currently listed as endangered populations by International Union for Conservation of Nature. While exact origins these lineages remain unclear, they have been suggested be close relatives domestic sheep or remnants proto-domestic sheep. Here, we study whole genome sequences n = 5 mouflons 10 terms population history diversity, comparing them with eight other extant lineages. We find reciprocal genetic affinity between sheep, higher than all studied wild genomes, including Iranian (O. gmelini). Studying diversity indices, detect a considerable load short runs homozygosity blocks (<2 Mb) both mouflons, reflecting small effective size (Ne). Meanwhile, Ne mutation estimates lower compared suggesting purging recessive deleterious variants under long-term Ne, possibly attributable founder effects, island isolation, introgression from lineages, differences bottleneck dynamics. Expanding our analyses worldwide feral Ovis observe varying viability metrics among different limited consistency Nature conservation status. Factors such recent inbreeding, introgression, unique dynamics may contributed observed disparities.

Language: Английский

---