Research Square (Research Square),
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: June 26, 2024
Abstract
Background
Malaria
is
a
serious
public
health
concern.
Artemisinin
and
its
derivatives
are
first-line
drugs
for
the
treatment
of
Plasmodium
falciparum
malaria.
In
mammals,
artemisinin
exhibits
potent
anti-inflammatory
immunoregulatory
properties.
However,
it
unclear
whether
plays
regulatory
role
in
innate
immunity
mosquitoes,
thereby
affecting
development
PlasmodiumAnopheles
when
metabolites
enter
mosquitoes.
This
study
aimed
to
determine
effect
DHA,
first-generation
semisynthetic
derivative
artemisinin,
on
malaria
vector
competence
Anopheles
stephensi.
Methods
stephensi
was
fed
Plasmodium-infected
mice
treated
with
dihydroartemisinin
(DHA)
via
gavage,
blood
containing
DHA
vitro,
or
DHA-containing
sugar,
followed
by
yoelii
infection.
The
engorged
female
mosquitoes
were
separated
dissected
8
days
after
oocysts
counted
compared
between
control
DHA-treated
groups.
Additionally,
total
RNA
proteins
extracted
from
24
72
h
post-infection
(hpi).
Real-time
PCR
western
blotting
performed
detect
transcriptional
levels
protein
expression
immune
molecules
Finally,
Toll
signaling
pathway
inhibited
RNAi
infection
intensity
analyzed
confirm
Results
different
approaches
significantly
reduced
number
anti-Plasmodium
genes,
including
TEP1,
LRIM1,
APL1C;
Tube,
MyD88,
Rel1;
effector
Defensin
1,
upregulated
at
hpi.
TEP1
Rel1
induced
under
treatment.
knockdown
abrogated
DHA-mediated
refractoriness
Conclusions
effectively
P.
An.
upregulating
mosquitoes’
pathway,
influencing
susceptibility
Plasmodium.
Advanced Chinese Medicine,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
1(3), P. 137 - 143
Published: July 1, 2024
Abstract
Lupus
nephritis
(LN)
is
the
most
common
complication
of
systemic
lupus
erythematosus
and
leading
cause
mortality.
The
complex
pathogenesis
various
clinical
manifestations
this
disease
increase
difficulty
treatments.
current
treatments
with
Western
medicine
including
glucocorticoids,
mycophenolate
mofetil
other
immunosuppressants,
biological
agents
have
greatly
improved
patients'
survival.
However,
frequent
recurrence
occurred
LN
remained
an
important
end
stage
renal
disease.
increasing
adverse
effects
prolongation
treatment
also
restrained
efficacy
medicine.
Increasing
evidence
has
demonstrated
therapeutic
traditional
Chinese
(TCM)
which
provides
a
theoretical
basis
for
integrative
therapy
TCM
LN.
We
previously
established
unique
comprehensive
strategy
combination
based
on
theory
achieved
good
efficacy.
This
review
will
summarize
single‐center
experience
that
TCM,
represented
by
Recipe
artesunate,
treatment,
elucidate
potential
mechanism,
purpose
to
provide
reliable
developing
more
effective
personalized
strategies
in
future.
