AI-enabled organoids: Construction, analysis, and application

Bioactive Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 31, P. 525 - 548

Published: Sept. 16, 2023

Organoids, miniature and simplified

Language: Английский

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Exploring the promising potential of induced pluripotent stem cells in cancer research and therapy

Molecular Cancer, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Nov. 28, 2023

The advent of iPSCs has brought about a significant transformation in stem cell research, opening up promising avenues for advancing cancer treatment. formation is multifaceted process influenced by genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. offer distinctive platform investigating the origin cancer, paving way novel approaches to treatment, drug testing, tailored medical interventions. This review article will provide an overview science behind iPSCs, current limitations challenges iPSC-based therapy, ethical social implications, comparative analysis with other types also discuss applications tumorigenesis, future tumorigenesis highlight successful case studies utilizing research. conclusion summarize advancements made research importance continued investment iPSC unlock full potential these cells.

Language: Английский

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Construction of tumor organoids and their application to cancer research and therapy

Theranostics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 1101 - 1125

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Cancer remains a severe public health burden worldwide.One of the challenges hampering effective cancer therapy is that existing models hardly recapitulate tumor microenvironment human patients.Over past decade, organoids have emerged as an in vitro 3D model to mimic pathophysiological characteristics parental tumors.Various techniques been developed construct organoids, such matrix-based methods, hanging drop, spinner or rotating flask, nonadhesive surface, organ-on-a-chip, bioprinting, and genetic engineering.This review elaborated on cell components fabrication methods for establishing organoid models.Furthermore, we discussed application modeling, basic research, anticancer therapy.Finally, current limitations future directions employing more extensive applications.

Language: Английский

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Advances in Precision Medicine Approaches for Colorectal Cancer: From Molecular Profiling to Targeted Therapies

ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(4), P. 967 - 990

Published: March 19, 2024

Precision medicine is transforming colorectal cancer treatment through the integration of advanced technologies and biomarkers, enhancing personalized effective disease management. Identification key driver mutations molecular profiling have deepened our comprehension genetic alterations in cancer, facilitating targeted therapy immunotherapy selection. Biomarkers such as microsatellite instability (MSI) DNA mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) guide decisions, opening avenues for immunotherapy. Emerging liquid biopsies, artificial intelligence, machine learning promise to revolutionize early detection, monitoring, selection precision medicine. Despite these advancements, ethical regulatory challenges, including equitable access data privacy, emphasize importance responsible implementation. The dynamic nature with its tumor heterogeneity clonal evolution, underscores necessity adaptive strategies. future lies potential enhance patient care, clinical outcomes, understanding this intricate disease, marked by ongoing evolution field. current reviews focus on providing in-depth knowledge various diverse approaches utilized against at both biochemical levels.

Language: Английский

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Rebuilding the microenvironment of primary tumors in humans: a focus on stroma

Experimental & Molecular Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 56(3), P. 527 - 548

Published: March 5, 2024

Abstract Conventional tumor models have critical shortcomings in that they lack the complexity of human stroma. The heterogeneous stroma is a central compartment microenvironment (TME) must be addressed cancer research and precision medicine. To fully model stroma, deconstruction reconstruction tissues been suggested as new approaches for vitro modeling. In this review, we summarize heterogeneity tumor-associated stromal cells general used to isolate patient-specific from tissue; also address effect procedure on characteristics primary cells. Finally, perspectives future reconstructed are discussed, with an emphasis essential prerequisites developing authentic humanized models.

Language: Английский

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Application status and optimization suggestions of tumor organoids and CAR-T cell co-culture models

Cancer Cell International, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: March 5, 2024

Tumor organoids, especially patient-derived organoids (PDOs) exhibit marked similarities in histopathological morphology, genomic alterations, and specific marker expression profiles to those of primary tumour tissues. They are applied various fields including drug screening, gene editing, identification oncogenes. However, CAR-T therapy the treatment solid tumours is still at an exploratory stage. Tumour offer unique advantages over other preclinical models commonly used for research, which preservation biological characteristics tissue critical study early-stage therapies. Although some investigators have this co-culture model validate newly targeted cells, optimise existing cells explore combination strategies, there untapped potential today. This review introduces current status application organoid cell recent years commented on limitations co-cultivation model. Meanwhile, we compared with two pre-clinical research. Eventually, combined new progress technologies, optimization suggestions were proposed from five perspectives: preserving or reconstructing tumor microenvironment, systematization, vascularization, standardized culture procedures, expanding resource library, aimed assisting related researchers better utilize models.

Language: Английский

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Facilitation of Tumor Stroma-Targeted Therapy: Model Difficulty and Co-Culture Organoid Method

Pharmaceuticals, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18(1), P. 62 - 62

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

Background: Tumors, as intricate ecosystems, comprise oncocytes and the highly dynamic tumor stroma. Tumor stroma, representing non-cancerous non-cellular composition of microenvironment (TME), plays a crucial role in oncogenesis progression, through its interactions with biological, chemical, mechanical signals. This review aims to analyze challenges stroma mimicry models, highlight advanced personalized co-culture approaches for recapitulating using patient-derived organoids (PDTOs). Methods: synthesizes findings from recent studies on composition, stromal remodeling, spatiotemporal heterogeneities TME. It explores popular stroma-related systems integrating PDTOs elements, techniques improve mimicry. Results: Stroma driven by cells, highlights dynamism heterogeneity PDTOs, derived tissues or cancer-specific stem accurately mimic tissue-specific genetic features primary tumors, making them valuable drug screening. Co-culture models combining elements effectively recreate TME, showing promise anti-cancer therapy. Advanced flexible combinations enhance precision tumor-stroma recapitulation. Conclusions: PDTO-based offer promising platform therapy development. underscores importance refining these advance medicine therapeutic outcomes.

Language: Английский

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The Evolution of Anticancer 3D In Vitro Models: The Potential Role of Machine Learning and AI in the Next Generation of Animal-Free Experiments

Cancers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(4), P. 700 - 700

Published: Feb. 19, 2025

The development of anticancer therapies has increasingly relied on advanced 3D in vitro models, which more accurately mimic the tumor microenvironment compared to traditional 2D cultures. This review describes evolution these highlighting significant advancements and their impact cancer research. We discuss integration machine learning (ML) artificial intelligence (AI) enhancing predictive power efficiency potentially reducing dependence animal testing. ML AI offer innovative approaches for analyzing complex data, optimizing experimental conditions, predicting therapeutic outcomes with higher accuracy. By leveraging technologies, next generation models could revolutionize drug development, offering effective alternatives experiments.

Language: Английский

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Organoids: opportunities and challenges of cancer therapy

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: July 27, 2023

Organoids are a class of multicellular structures with the capability self-organizing and characteristic original tissues, they generated from stem cells in 3D culture vitro. can mimic occurrence progression tissues widely used disease models recent years. The ability tumor organoids to retain tumors make them unique for tumorigenesis cancer therapy. However, history organoid development application technology therapy not well understood. In this paper, we reviewed development, methods establishing applications research better understanding process providing strategies standardization cultivation facilitated large-scale production organoids. Moreover, it was found that combination other such as immune cells, fibroblasts nervous would microenvironment progression. This might be important developing directions future.

Language: Английский

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Organoids: An Emerging Precision Medicine Model for Prostate Cancer Research

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(2), P. 1093 - 1093

Published: Jan. 16, 2024

Prostate cancer (PCa) has been known as the most prevalent disease and second leading cause of mortality in men almost all over globe. There is an urgent need for establishment PCa models that can recapitulate progress genomic landscapes molecular alterations during development progression this disease. Notably, several organoid have developed assessing complex interaction between its surrounding microenvironment. In recent years, organoids emerged powerful vitro 3D model systems features (such genomic/epigenomic changes tumor microenvironment) metastatic tumors. addition, application technology mechanistic studies (i.e., understanding cellular/subcellular alterations) translational medicine recognized a promising approach facilitating potential biomarkers novel therapeutic strategies. review, we summarize high-throughput screening relevant xenografts developing therapeutics metastatic, castration resistant, neuroendocrine PCa. These organoid-based are expected to expand our knowledge from basic research clinical applications diseases. Furthermore, also highlight optimization cultures vivo investigations, ultimately diagnosis/prognosis therapies

Language: Английский

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