Biomedicines,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
12(8), P. 1806 - 1806
Published: Aug. 9, 2024
Ovarian
cancer
(OC)
remains
the
deadliest
gynecological
malignancy,
with
alarming
projections
indicating
a
42%
increase
in
new
cases
and
51%
rise
mortality
by
2040.
This
review
explores
challenges
OC
treatment,
focusing
on
chemoresistance
mechanisms
potential
of
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
as
drug
delivery
agents.
Despite
advancements
treatment
strategies,
including
cytoreductive
surgery,
platinum-based
chemotherapy,
targeted
therapies,
high
recurrence
rate
underscores
need
for
innovative
approaches.
Key
resistance
include
efflux,
apoptosis
disruption,
enhanced
DNA
repair,
stem
cells,
immune
evasion,
complex
tumor
microenvironment.
Cancer-associated
fibroblasts
play
crucial
roles
modulating
microenvironment
facilitating
chemoresistance.
EVs,
naturally
occurring
nanovesicles,
emerge
promising
carriers
due
to
their
low
toxicity,
biocompatibility,
inherent
targeting
capabilities.
They
have
shown
delivering
chemotherapeutics
like
doxorubicin,
cisplatin,
paclitaxel,
well
natural
compounds
such
curcumin
berry
anthocyanidins,
enhancing
therapeutic
efficacy
while
reducing
systemic
toxicity
models.
However,
production
yields,
heterogeneity,
rapid
clearance,
inefficient
loading
methods
be
addressed
clinical
application.
Ongoing
research
aims
optimize
EV
production,
efficiency,
targeting,
paving
way
novel
more
effective
strategies
treatment.
Overcoming
these
obstacles
is
unlocking
full
EV-based
therapies
improving
outcomes
patients.
Vaccines,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
12(5), P. 519 - 519
Published: May 9, 2024
Cancer
remains
one
of
the
main
causes
death
in
world
due
to
its
increasing
incidence
and
treatment
difficulties.
Although
significant
progress
has
been
made
this
field,
innovative
approaches
are
needed
reduce
tumor
incidence,
progression,
spread.
In
particular,
development
cancer
vaccines
is
currently
ongoing
as
both
a
preventive
therapeutic
strategy.
This
concept
not
new,
but
few
have
approved
oncology.
Antigen-based
vaccination
emerges
promising
strategy,
leveraging
specific
antigens
activate
immune
system
response.
However,
challenges
persist
finding
suitable
delivery
systems
antigen
preparation
methods.
Exosomes
(EXs)
highly
heterogeneous
bilayer
vesicles
that
carry
several
molecule
types
extracellular
space.
The
peculiarity
they
may
be
released
from
different
cells
able
induce
direct
or
indirect
stimulation
system.
EX-based
cause
an
anti-tumor
attack
produce
memory
recognizing
inhibiting
disease
development.
review
delves
into
EX
composition,
biogenesis,
immune-modulating
properties,
exploring
their
role
tool
for
prevention
therapy
solid
tumors.
Finally,
we
describe
future
research
directions
optimize
vaccine
efficacy
realize
full
potential
immunotherapy.
Journal of Nanobiotechnology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
22(1)
Published: June 5, 2024
Chronic
hepatitis
B
poses
a
significant
global
burden,
modulating
immune
cells,
leading
to
chronic
inflammation
and
long-term
damage.
Due
its
hepatotropism,
the
virus
(HBV)
cannot
infect
other
cells.
The
mechanisms
underlying
intercellular
communication
among
different
liver
cells
in
HBV-infected
individuals
microenvironment
imbalance
remain
elusive.
Exosomes,
as
important
cargo
transportation
tools
between
hepatocytes
have
been
shown
assist
HBV
regulate
microenvironment.
However,
role
of
exosomes
has
only
gradually
received
attention
recent
years.
Minimal
literature
systematically
elaborated
on
reshaping
liver.
This
review
unfolds
sequentially
based
biological
processes
exosomes:
exosomes'
biogenesis,
release,
transport,
uptake
by
recipient
their
impact
We
delineate
how
influences
biogenesis
exosomes,
utilizing
exosomal
covert
transmission,
reshapes
hepatic
And
characteristics
functions
potential
applications
are
summarized
predicted.
Biomedicines,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
12(8), P. 1806 - 1806
Published: Aug. 9, 2024
Ovarian
cancer
(OC)
remains
the
deadliest
gynecological
malignancy,
with
alarming
projections
indicating
a
42%
increase
in
new
cases
and
51%
rise
mortality
by
2040.
This
review
explores
challenges
OC
treatment,
focusing
on
chemoresistance
mechanisms
potential
of
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
as
drug
delivery
agents.
Despite
advancements
treatment
strategies,
including
cytoreductive
surgery,
platinum-based
chemotherapy,
targeted
therapies,
high
recurrence
rate
underscores
need
for
innovative
approaches.
Key
resistance
include
efflux,
apoptosis
disruption,
enhanced
DNA
repair,
stem
cells,
immune
evasion,
complex
tumor
microenvironment.
Cancer-associated
fibroblasts
play
crucial
roles
modulating
microenvironment
facilitating
chemoresistance.
EVs,
naturally
occurring
nanovesicles,
emerge
promising
carriers
due
to
their
low
toxicity,
biocompatibility,
inherent
targeting
capabilities.
They
have
shown
delivering
chemotherapeutics
like
doxorubicin,
cisplatin,
paclitaxel,
well
natural
compounds
such
curcumin
berry
anthocyanidins,
enhancing
therapeutic
efficacy
while
reducing
systemic
toxicity
models.
However,
production
yields,
heterogeneity,
rapid
clearance,
inefficient
loading
methods
be
addressed
clinical
application.
Ongoing
research
aims
optimize
EV
production,
efficiency,
targeting,
paving
way
novel
more
effective
strategies
treatment.
Overcoming
these
obstacles
is
unlocking
full
EV-based
therapies
improving
outcomes
patients.
