The Interaction Between Vasculogenic Mimicry and the Immune System: Mechanistic Insights and Dual Exploration in Cancer Therapy

Cell Proliferation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 26, 2025

ABSTRACT Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) represents a novel form of angiogenesis discovered in numerous malignant tumours recent years. Unlike traditional angiogenesis, VM facilitates tumour blood supply independently endothelial cells by enabling to functional vascular networks. This phenomenon, where replace tubular structures, plays pivotal role growth and metastasis. Tumour progression is influenced variety factors, including immune components. The system serves as critical defence mechanism identifying eliminating abnormal entities, such cells. inevitably reminds us the intricate connection between VM. Indeed, years, some studies have shown that responses related play different regulatory roles formation Therefore, this review provides comprehensive discussion on mechanisms underlying formation, its interplay with system, potential leveraging immunotherapy target

Language: Английский

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Fistula in Crohn’s disease: classification, pathogenesis, and treatment options

Tissue Barriers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 31, 2025

Crohn's disease is a form of inflammation that affects the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. It characterized by persistent in gut, which can lead to formation abnormal connections called fistulas. These fistulas occur between GI tract and abdominal cavity, adjacent organs, or skin. The most prevalent type fistula patients perianal fistula, forms rectum skin near anus. Although exact cause not fully understood, research suggests factors such as epithelial mesenchymal transition, matrix metalloproteinase, immune system dysregulation, microbiota may contribute their development. There currently no definitive treatment for closure, but options include surgery, endoscopic procedures, antibiotics, biologic agents, immunosuppressive drugs. treatments be used alone combination. However, recurrence significant challenge needs addressed case treatment. This review provides an overview common types fistulas, characteristics, main mechanisms formation, available therapeutic options.

Language: Английский

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Ankyrin repeat domain 1 is dysregulated in keloids and suppresses keloid fibroblast growth, migration, and extracellular matrix deposition

CytoJournal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 22, P. 17 - 17

Published: Feb. 13, 2025

Objective The etiology and specific pathological mechanisms of keloids remain elusive. Array expression profiling has revealed dysregulation the transcription cofactor ankyrin repeat domain 1 (ANKRD1) in keloid fibroblasts. present study focused on examining pattern ANKRD1 assessing its function human fibroblasts (HKFs). Material Methods Differential mRNA profiles were investigated by analyzing data from gene omnibus (GEO) datasets. Immunohistochemistry assays performed to verify patterns claudin 11 (CLDN11) tissue samples. Functional studies conducted transfecting HKFs with either a small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting (siANKRD1) or ANKRD1-overexpressing plasmids. functional impact was assessed using cell proliferation, flow cytometry, Transwell migration assays. evaluated reverse polymerase chain reaction, protein determined Western blotting. Results Analysis GEO series (GSE) GSE44270 eight differentially expressed mRNAs, CLDN11 being top two downregulated mRNAs. observed be lower tissues than normal skin tissues, whereas showed no significant difference between groups. overexpression suppressed HKF migration, levels collagen I, fibronectin, matrix metallopeptidase 9, opposite effects knockdown. did not affect apoptotic levels. Conclusion is inhibits growth, extracellular deposition Thus, may as suppressor formation.

Language: Английский

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Porcine β-defensin 5 (pBD-5) modulates the inflammatory and metabolic host intestinal response to infection

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: March 4, 2025

Swine dysentery (SD) presents considerable challenges to both animal welfare and pork industry sustainability. Control prevention of SD rely on antibiotics non-vaccine biosecurity practices. Host defense peptides (HDPs) have emerged as promising alternatives treat prevent such health concern. This study investigated the effects porcine β-defensin 5 (pBD-5) its potential host cytotoxicity, metabolic influence, gene expression modulation direct antimicrobial activity Brachyspira hyodysenteriae growth in vitro. pBD-5 does not directly inhibit B. or significantly alters membrane integrity cells, indicating no significant cytotoxicity at tested concentrations. transcriptome sequencing revealed a reduction number differentially expressed genes cells exposed following treatment, when compared pathogen alone, suggesting an immunomodulatory effect. Pathway analysis downregulation immune-related pathways, including IL-17, toll-like receptor (TLR), NOD-like signalling upon exposure. Conversely, pathways ribosome, protein digestion absorption, renin-angiotensin system were upregulated by hinting role producing conserving energy during challenge. While this offers insights into pBD-5, further research is necessary elucidate precise mechanisms applications alternative treatment for infectious diseases.

Language: Английский

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Escin Ia Ameliorates DSS-Induced Chronic Colitis in Mice by Inhibiting Inflammation and Oxidative Stress via the LOXL2/MMP-9 Pathway

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 119623 - 119623

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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