European Neurology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
87(4), P. 203 - 210
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Ocrelizumab
is
a
CD20-targeting
monoclonal
antibody
used
for
treatment
of
multiple
sclerosis
(MS).
Serum
and
cerebrospinal
fluid
(CSF)
neurofilament
light
(NFL)
chain
levels
are
reduced
in
MS
patients
under
ocrelizumab
indicating
preventive
action
against
neuro-axonal
degeneration.
Our
aim,
this
preliminary
study,
was
to
explore
the
impact
on
synaptic
integrity
through
assessment
neurogranin
levels.
For
the
first
time
to
optimize
creation
of
new
neuroprotective
agents
based
on
bioflavonoids,
we
applied
information
technologies
-
docking
analysis
calculate
binding
candidate
molecules
pharmacological
target
protein
transthyretin,
as
well
program
virtual
screening
NO
scavengers.
As
a
result
this
approach,
substance
catechin
was
isolated
from
quercetin,
catechin,
Epicatechin
gallate,
Epicatechin,
Procyanidin
B1,
B2,
B3,
Catechin-3-gallate
according
analysis.
screening,
identified
potential
scavenger
(55.15%
prediction).
The
results
prediction
were
confirmed
by
in
vitro
experiments.
Course
administration
animals
with
experimental
multiple
sclerosis
(MS)
against
background
methylprednisolone
completely
eliminated
lethal
cases,
reduced
number
diseased
20%,
prevented
development
severe
neurological
symptoms
20%
(compared
group)
and
60%
compared
control
group.
leads
decrease
neurodegradation
markers
cytosol
rats
EAE:
NSE
37%,
S-100
54.8%.
combined
significantly
exceeds
combination
reference
drug
mexidol
degree
reduction.
obtained
indicate
significant
effect
ocular
combinations
catechin.
above-mentioned
confirms
correctness
bioflavonoid
selection
help
program.
Advanced technology in neuroscience .,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
1(2), P. 211 - 228
Published: Nov. 27, 2024
Noninvasive
brain
stimulation
techniques
have
emerged
as
a
promising
therapeutic
option
for
various
central
nervous
system
demyelinating
diseases.
Demyelinating
diseases
represent
group
of
pathological
conditions
that
impact
the
or
peripheral
system.
They
are
characterized
by
damage
to
loss
myelin
sheath
surrounding
nerve
fibers.
This
sheaths
disrupts
signal
transmission,
leading
wide
range
signs
and
symptoms
associated
with
neurological
impairment.
Treatment
usually
aligns
specific
underlying
cause.
can
affect
neuronal
electrical
activity
glial
cell
function,
suggesting
potential
intervention.
In
this
narrative
review,
we
explore
noninvasive
treatment
disorders.
techniques,
including
transcranial
magnetic
stimulation,
focused
ultrasound
optogenetic
low-intensity
pulsed
ultrasound,
photobiomodulation,
been
shown
potentially
intervene
in
affecting
cells
function.
addition,
review
summarizes
applications
mechanisms
how
these
promote
regeneration
improve
disease
prognosis.
also
research
advances
multiple
sclerosis,
acute
disseminated
encephalomyelitis,
progressive
multifocal
leukoencephalopathy,
neuromyelitis
optical
spectrum
disorder.
promoting
oligodendrocyte
proliferation
differentiation,
enhancing
regeneration,
modulating
immune
responses.
Although
disorders,
their
use
treating
remains
challenging.
For
example,
is
relatively
new
technique
advantages
high
spatial
resolution
ability
stimulate
deep
structures,
but
its
safety
efficacy
clinical
need
be
further
investigated.
Optogenetic
offers
highly
precise
neuromodulation,
feasibility
practice
limited
technical
ethical
constraints.
Overall,
significant
diseases,
needed
optimize
parameters,
efficacy,
gain
insight
into
mechanism
action.
With
continuous
development
technology
in-depth
trials,
expected
become
an
effective
provide
options
such
patients.
Sclerosis,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
3(1), P. 1 - 1
Published: Jan. 12, 2025
Background:
Amyotrophic
lateral
sclerosis
(ALS)
and
multiple
(MS)
are,
in
essence,
neurodegenerative
disorders
with
significant
individual,
social,
economic
burdens
worldwide.
Despite
having
different
clinical
onset
evolution,
the
two
diseases
share
common
risk
factors
underlying
pathophysiological
mechanisms.
Environmental
are
particularly
interesting,
considering
available
effective
counter
strategies.
High-fat
diets
remain
a
element
that
negatively
impacts
evolution
of
several
disorders,
including
ALS
MS.
Focusing
on
changeable
disease-related
aspects
is
increasingly
appealing
context
lack
an
treatment.
Methods:
This
review
aims
to
offer
updated
overview
influence
high-fat
modulating
progression
MS,
based
search
three
relevant
online
databases.
Results:
In
first
part,
shared
mechanisms
MS
shown,
differences
between
highlighted.
Subsequently,
most
research
this
topic
conducted
animal
models
humans
presented,
bringing
additional
proof
critical
role
neurodegeneration.
Finally,
current
knowledge,
authors
potential
therapeutic
approaches
future
directions
better
control
nutrition
patients,
hoping
increase
survival
quality
life.
Conclusions:
impact
International Journal of Nanomedicine,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
Volume 20, P. 1443 - 1490
Published: Feb. 1, 2025
Abstract:
Given
the
complexity
of
central
nervous
system
(CNS)
and
diversity
neurological
conditions,
increasing
prevalence
disorders
poses
a
significant
challenge
to
modern
medicine.
These
disorders,
ranging
from
neurodegenerative
diseases
psychiatric
not
only
impact
individuals
but
also
place
substantial
burden
on
healthcare
systems
society.
A
major
obstacle
in
treating
these
conditions
is
blood-brain
barrier
(BBB),
which
restricts
passage
therapeutic
agents
brain.
Nanotechnology,
particularly
use
nanoparticles
(NPs),
offers
promising
solution
this
challenge.
NPs
possess
unique
properties
such
as
small
size,
large
surface
area,
modifiable
characteristics,
enabling
them
cross
BBB
deliver
drugs
directly
affected
brain
regions.
This
review
focuses
application
gene
therapy
enzyme
replacement
(ERT)
for
disorders.
Gene
involves
altering
or
manipulating
expression
can
be
enhanced
by
designed
carry
various
genetic
materials.
Similarly,
improve
efficacy
ERT
lysosomal
storage
(LSDs)
facilitating
delivery
brain,
overcoming
issues
like
immunogenicity
instability.
Taken
together,
explores
potential
revolutionizing
treatment
options
highlighting
their
advantages
future
directions
rapidly
evolving
field.
Keywords:
system,
nanoparticle,
therapy,
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
19
Published: Feb. 27, 2025
Chondroitin
sulfate
proteoglycans
(CSPGs),
key
components
of
the
extracellular
matrix
and
glial
scar
that
forms
around
central
nervous
system
(CNS)
injuries,
are
recognized
for
hindering
neuronal
regeneration.
We
previously
demonstrated
potential
pleiotrophin
(PTN)
to
induce
neurite
outgrowth
even
in
presence
inhibitory
CSPGs.
The
effects
PTN
on
microglia
oligodendrocytes
not
well
described.
Here,
we
examined
how
administration
alters
differentiation
oligodendrocyte
precursor
cells
(OPCs)
into
mature
CSPGs
using
vitro
cell
culture
model.
Moreover,
explored
inflammatory
activity
with
without
stimulation
(IFN-γ)
a
CSPG-rich
environment.
data
showed
CSPG
inhibited
OPCs
oligodendrocytes.
induced
dose-dependent
oligodendrocytes,
an
optimal
effect
at
10
nM
PTN.
modified
immunological
response
CSPGs,
reduced
proinflammatory
was
further
by
administration,
contrast
increased
release
metalloproteinases
(MMP
9).
However,
when
IFN-γ-activated
were
treated
PTN,
signaling
stimulated
higher
concentrations
(10
100
nM).
Overall,
our
results
indicate
can
overcome
modulate
inflammation
mediated
from
microglia.
Collectively,
these
findings
demonstrate
effectively
counteract
while
also
modulating
microglial
responses
reduce
increase
MMP-9
release.
Thus,
has
great
improve
remyelination
neuroprotective
strategies
treatment
demyelinating
diseases
or
any
injury.
