Physiochemical characterization and ameliorative effect of rice resistant starch modified by heat-stable α-amylase and glucoamylase on the gut microbial community in T2DM mice

Food & Function, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(10), P. 5596 - 5612

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

In the presented study, natural rice containing high resistant starch content was used as a raw material to produce (RRS) through enzymatic hydrolysis with heat-stable α-amylase and glucoamylase. The chemical composition, structural characteristics

Language: Английский

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Hepatocellular carcinoma: signaling pathways and therapeutic advances

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

Abstract Liver cancer represents a major global health concern, with projections indicating that the number of new cases could surpass 1 million annually by 2025. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) constitutes around 90% liver and is primarily linked to factors incluidng aflatoxin, hepatitis B (HBV) C (HCV), metabolic disorders. There are no obvious symptoms in early stage HCC, which often leads delays diagnosis. Therefore, HCC patients usually present tumors advanced incurable stages. Several signaling pathways dis-regulated cause uncontrolled cell propagation, metastasis, recurrence HCC. Beyond frequently altered therapeutically targeted receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) involved differentiation, telomere regulation, epigenetic modification stress response also provide therapeutic potential. Investigating key their inhibitors pivotal for achieving advancements management At present, primary approaches (TKI), immune checkpoint (ICI), combination regimens. New trials investigating therapies involving ICIs TKIs or anti-VEGF (endothelial growth factor) therapies, as well combinations two immunotherapy The outcomes these expected revolutionize across all Here, we here comprehensive review cellular pathways, potential, evidence derived from late-stage clinical discuss concepts underlying earlier trials, biomarker identification, development more effective therapeutics

Language: Английский

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Understanding gut dysbiosis for hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis and treatment

Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 35(11), P. 1006 - 1020

Published: July 5, 2024

The gut microbiome can play a crucial role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression through the enterohepatic circulation, primarily acting via metabolic reprogramming and alterations hepatic immune microenvironment triggered by microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs), metabolites, fungi. In addition, shows potential as biomarker for early HCC diagnosis assessing efficacy of immunotherapy unresectable HCC. This review examines how microbiota dysbiosis, with varied functional profiles, contributes to HCCs different etiologies. We discuss therapeutic strategies modulate including diets, antibiotics, probiotics, fecal transplantation, nano-delivery systems, underscore their an adjunctive treatment modality

Language: Английский

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Bile acids, gut microbiota, and therapeutic insights in hepatocellular carcinoma

Cancer Biology and Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 19

Published: Dec. 23, 2023

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent and aggressive liver malignancy. The interplay between bile acids (BAs) the gut microbiota has emerged as critical factor in HCC development progression. Under normal conditions, BA metabolism tightly regulated through bidirectional microorganisms BAs. plays role metabolism, BAs are endogenous signaling molecules that help maintain intestinal homeostasis. Of note, dysbiotic changes during pathogenesis cancer can disrupt homeostasis, thereby leading to inflammation fibrosis, ultimately contributing development. Therefore, understanding intricate crucial for elucidating mechanisms underlying hepatocarcinogenesis. In this review, we comprehensively explore roles functions of with focus on interactions HCC. Additionally, therapeutic strategies targeting discussed, including use agonists/antagonists, probiotic/prebiotic dietary interventions, fecal transplantation, engineered bacteria. summary, complex BA-microbiota crosstalk provide valuable insights into facilitate innovative approaches

Language: Английский

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The Interplay between Medical Plants and Gut Microbiota in Cancer

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(15), P. 3327 - 3327

Published: July 26, 2023

The gut microbiota is a dynamic community of bacteria distributed in the gastroenteric tract and changes response to diseases, diet, use antibiotics probiotics, hygiene status, other environmental factors. Dysbiosis, disruption normal crosstalk between host microbes, associated with obesity, diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular linked reduction anti-inflammatory like Lactobacillus Roseburia, an increase growth proinflammatory species Ruminococcus gnavus Bacteroidetes. Some plants possess anticancer properties various studies have reported that some these are also able modulate microbiota. aim this work evaluate crucial relationship medical consequences on onset progression cancer. In vivo about hematological malignancies showed beta-glucans tie endogenous antibeta glucan antibodies iC3b, opsonic fragment central complement protein C3, leading phagocytosis antibody-targeted neoplastic cells potentiation cytotoxic activity innate immune system if administered together monoclonal antibodies. conclusion, review suggests potential improve dysbiosis assist treatment

Language: Английский

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Updated Insights into Probiotics and Hepatobiliary Diseases

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(3), P. 515 - 515

Published: Feb. 25, 2024

Hepatobiliary diseases have a high prevalence worldwide, with wide range of involved in the liver and biliary system. Modifications gut microbiota been proven to an association unbalanced intestinal homeostasis dysfunction host metabolism immune system, which can be risk factors for many hepatobiliary diseases, such as nonalcoholic fatty disease (NAFLD), alcoholic (ALD), steatohepatitis (NASH), hepatitis, cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cholestasis, well infection due transplantation. Probiotics are commonly used microbiota-targeted strategies treat dysbiosis dysfunction, gut–liver axis, enhance effectiveness probiotics management diseases. Recent studies explored more potential single or mixed strains probiotics, bioinformatics methods investigate mechanisms on In this review, we summarize preclinical clinical role from 2018 2023, revealing possible mechanism treatment discussing limitations treating This review provides updated evidence development probiotic products, exploration new strains, support studies. Further should focus safety, viability, stability medication dosage duration practice.

Language: Английский

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A comprehensive review of the characterization, host interactions, and stabilization advancements on probiotics: Addressing the challenges in functional food diversification

Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(5)

Published: Aug. 13, 2024

The demand for functional food is rising in tandem with the prevalence of chronic diseases. Probiotics play a crucial role development, yet their ability to confer health benefits host remains topic debate according Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization requirements. application culturomics, innovative isolation techniques, within realm probiotics increasingly deemed essential fully harnessing latent potential microbial reservoirs. Nevertheless, its confined predominantly human fecal sources. Following integration probiogenomics, significant advancements have been made safety assessment probiotics. However, adoption novel probiotic microorganisms has match requisite pace. Progress research concerning host-probiotic interactions by employing omics technologies, particularly animal models, notable. Nonetheless, comprehensive elucidation mechanisms action trial studies are lagging behind. Additionally, viability probiotics, spanning from production as foods transit colon, markedly improved through encapsulation techniques. opportunities exploration persist regarding alternative coating materials diverse methodologies. Furthermore, there discernible transition domain probiotic-based foods, shifting away primarily dairy-centric focus toward inclusion broader array categories. This review addresses critical issues ranging sources techniques final developments. while doing so, it explores probiogenomics applications characterization, investigations into interactions, strategies stabilization under harsh environmental conditions.

Language: Английский

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Levilactobacillus brevis CD2 as a multifaceted probiotic to preserve oral health: results of a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in healthy adults

Journal of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Jan. 28, 2025

A growing number of in vitro and vivo studies suggest the application probiotics as a natural approach to maintaining oral health. This double-blind, randomized controlled trial aimed evaluate efficacy Levilactobacillus brevis CD2 (CNCM I-5566), multifunctional probiotic frequently used medicine, preserving or improving several recognized health indicators. Thirty consenting healthy adults were receive four lozenges per day L. (n = 15) placebo over weeks. Clinical parameters (full-mouth bleeding on probing (BoP) plaque index (PI) scores) recorded. Unstimulated saliva was collected measure salivation rate, pH, buffer capacity. Salivary biomarkers analyzed, including glucose, D-lactate, secretory immunoglobulins (sIgA). salivary assessed at baseline, after weeks intervention, two post-intervention. Wilcoxon rank-sum test robust regression analysis for statistical comparisons. The possible mediating effect PI BoP changes assessed. After weeks, group showed significant improvements compared baseline placebo. had higher rate than treatment washout. While pH not significant, buffering capacity increased glucose D-lactate levels lower post-treatment sIgA values remained stable washout group. No adverse effects reported. with significantly improved clinical parameters, supporting its ClinicalTrials.gov , NCT06457724; Registered 7 June 2024 - Retrospectively registered; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06457724?viewType=Table&page=452&rank=4512#study-overview .

Language: Английский

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The role and mechanism of hepatocyte nuclear factor 1β in the occurrence and development of different human tumors: A pan‐cancer analysis

Environmental Toxicology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 40(3), P. 471 - 480

Published: Jan. 31, 2025

Carcinomatosis is one of the leading threats to human public fitness. HNF1B a critical transcription element in vertebrate proliferation and oncogenesis, which has been shown play roles reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism. Our previous results have identified as tumor suppressor that could inhibit malignant progression prostate cancer. Yet there no pan-carcinomatosis analysis HNF1B, help us better understand common unique underlying mechanisms mankind knubs enhance novel competent treatment. Here, our research, we evaluated utterance pattern explored function 33 knub categories using data from Cancer Genome Atlas Program (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), CLNICAL PROTEOMICTUMOR ANALYSIS CONSORTIUM (CPTAC) dataset. We found different various cancer types. was upregulated CHOL, STAD, KIRP, THCA, downregulated GBM, KICH, COAD, KIRC, LUSC, SARC, PAAD, TGCT. Prognostic analyses indicated higher displayed illness outcomes BLCA, READ, PRAD, while poorer LUSC THYM. mutation most frequent endometrial but not associated with disease prognosis. It discovered relevant endothelial cell penetration status ESCA, LUAD, TGCT, carcinomatosis-associated fibroblast infiltration observed LIHC, Moreover, functional enrichment disclosed metabolism-related functions were implicated HNF1B. Taken together, pan- carcinomatosis showed complicated variety carcinomatoses, being able improve extensive comprehension HNF1B's role tumorigenesis.

Language: Английский

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Roles of the gut microbiota in hepatocellular carcinoma: from the gut dysbiosis to the intratumoral microbiota

Cell Death Discovery, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: April 4, 2025

Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is closely linked to alterations in the gut microbiota. This dysbiosis characterized by significant changes microbial population, which correlate with progression of HCC. Gut ultimately promotes HCC development several ways: it damages integrity gut-vascular barrier (GVB), alters tumor microenvironment (TME), and even affects intratumoral Subsequently, microbiota present a characteristic profile play an essential role mainly causing DNA damage, mediating tumor-related signaling pathways, altering TME, promoting metastasis, or through other mechanisms. Both have dual effects on progression; comprehensive understanding their complex biological roles will provide theoretical foundation for potential clinical applications treatment.

Language: Английский

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