Virus-Induced Pathogenic Antibodies: Lessons from Long COVID and Dengue Hemorrhage Fever

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(5), P. 1898 - 1898

Published: Feb. 22, 2025

Virus-induced antibodies represent a dual-edged sword in the immune response to viral infections. While are critical for neutralizing pathogens, some can paradoxically exacerbate disease severity through mechanisms such as antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE), autoantibody, and prolonged inflammation. Long coronavirus (COVID) dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) exemplify conditions where pathogenic play pivotal role progression. COVID is associated with persistent dysregulation autoantibody production, leading chronic symptoms tissue damage. In DHF, pre-existing against virus contribute ADE, amplifying replication, activation, vascular permeability. This review explores underlying these antibody responses, highlighting shared pathways of comparing distinct features both conditions. By examining studies, we identify key lessons therapeutic strategies, vaccine design, future research aimed at mitigating severe outcomes

Language: Английский

---

Immunophenotyping of bronchoalveolar lavage and functional impairment in post-COVID syndrome

Wiener klinische Wochenschrift, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 22, 2025

Summary Objective Following recovery from COVID-19, there is evidence for pulmonary sequelae and functional impairment. Data regarding the immunopathological mechanisms are limited. This study aimed to investigate relationship between bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cellularity, lung function impairment high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) changes in post-COVID syndrome patients. Methods Patients with were enrolled this Austrian single-center prospective observational cohort study. All patients underwent a test (PFT) chest HRCT. Those pathological HRCT findings bronchoscopy BALF sampling differential cell count fluorescence-activated sorting analysis. Results In 26 BAL. The showed ground-glass opacifications (69.2%), organizing pneumonia (7.7%) or both (11.5%). PFT revealed restrictive disease 38.5% reduced diffusion capacity 68%, 19.2% BAL pattern predominantly consisting of CD4 + T‑cells. lymphocyte was associated forced vital ( p = 0.016) an elevated alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient 0.04). Conclusion A notable percentage persistent T‑helper lymphocytic inflammation lungs. degree alveolar lymphocytosis could suggest that prolonged inflammatory response compartment contributes pathogenesis syndrome.

Language: Английский

---

Hyper-reactivity of CD8+ T cells and high expression of IL-3 correlates with occurrence and severity of long-COVID

Clinical Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 277, P. 110502 - 110502

Published: April 25, 2025

Following SARS-CoV-2 infection, some individuals develop Long-COVID-syndrome lasting for more than 3 months. We analyzed blood samples from patients with Long-COVID, controls without persistent symptoms following SARS-CoV-2-infection and non-infected donors a history of infection. Long-COVID showed clear signs T cell hyper-activation predominantly in the CD8+ subset 4-fold higher expression CD25 2-fold effector-memory cells. polyclonal stimulation, we found stronger upregulation 7-fold release IL-3 Long-COVID. Intracellular staining revealed 5-fold IL-3-expressing cells while GM-CSF, IFN-γ IL-2 were much less upregulated. These changes correlated severity persisted up to 18 months after Our data reveal pronounced long-lasting hyper-reactivity speak trial cell-immunosuppression

Language: Английский

---

SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein and Long COVID—Part 2: Understanding the Impact of Spike Protein and Cellular Receptor Interactions on the Pathophysiology of Long COVID Syndrome

Viruses, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(5), P. 619 - 619

Published: April 25, 2025

SARS-CoV-2 infection has had a significant impact on global health through both acute illness, referred to as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and chronic conditions (long COVID or post-acute sequelae of COVID-19, PASC). Despite substantial advancements in preventing severe COVID-19 cases vaccination, the rise prevalence long syndrome notable degree genomic mutation, primarily S protein, underscores necessity for deeper understanding underlying pathophysiological mechanisms related protein SARS-CoV-2. In this review, latest part series, we investigate potential molecular triggered by interaction between spike cellular receptors. Therefore, review aims provide differential focused view potentially activated binding canonical non-canonical receptors SARS-CoV-2, together with their possible interactions effects pathogenesis COVID.

Language: Английский

---

ARACOV-02. Specialized nutritional intervention and telerehabilitation in patients with long COVID: Protocol of a randomized controlled trial

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(4), P. e0321811 - e0321811

Published: April 29, 2025

Background It is estimated that at least 10% of the population infected with SARS-CoV-2 develop Post COVID Condition, which characterized by a diverse array symptoms including dyspnea, fatigue, anxiety, depression, and deterioration in quality life. The virus can trigger an excessive immune response, release pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-1, TNFα reactive oxygen species. Specialized Pro Resolving Mediators (SPMs) (17-HAD, 14-HAD 18_HEPE) could be useful Condition modulating inflammatory response. objective to determine change life, profile, functional capacity emotional variables group taking nutritional supplement plus telerehabilitation programme. Methods ARACOV-2 study double-blind, parallel-group, randomized control trial two parallel interventions: Nutritional vs placebo telerehabilitation. primary endpoint will life (EQ-5L-5D). intervention last 12 weeks daily intake omega-3 or supervised rehabilitation programme using Discussion This suggests SPMs supplementation combined may improve inflammation like fatigue patients. Both interventions have anti-inflammatory potential, their use enhance physical mental health outcomes. approach offers promising strategy for managing symptoms. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06063031

Language: Английский

---

“Inflammatory Pathways in Patients with Post-acute Sequelae of COVID-19 – The Role of the Clinical Immunologist”

Annals of Allergy Asthma & Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 133(5), P. 507 - 515

Published: Aug. 23, 2024

Language: Английский

---

Acute COVID-19 treatment is not associated with health problems 2 years after hospitalization

International Journal of Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 142, P. 106966 - 106966

Published: Feb. 15, 2024

Various mechanisms, such as immune dysregulation, viral reservoir, and auto-immunity, are hypothesized to underlie the pathogenesis of long-term health problems after hospitalization for COVID-19. We aimed assess effect in-hospital COVID-19 treatments on prominent problems.

Language: Английский

---

Bulk RNA sequencing for analysis of post COVID-19 condition in adolescents and young adults

Journal of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: March 26, 2024

Abstract Background Post COVID-19 condition (PCC) is a complication of SARS-COV-2 infection and can lead to long-term disability. Methods The present study was designed analyse the gene expression patterns PCC through bulk RNA sequencing whole blood explore potential molecular mechanisms PCC. Whole collected from 80 participants enrolled in prospective cohort following SARS-CoV-2 infected non-infected individuals for 6 months after recruitment used sequencing. Identification differentially expressed genes (DEG), pathway enrichment immune cell deconvolution performed biological pathways involved Results We have found 13 associated with Enriched were related interferon-signalling anti-viral processes. Conclusion transcriptome characterized by modest overexpression interferon-stimulated genes, pointing subtle ongoing inflammatory response.

Language: Английский

---

Connecting the dots: the role of fatigue in female infertility

Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: June 7, 2024

Abstract Fatigue, an increasingly acknowledged symptom in various chronic diseases, has garnered heightened attention, during the medical era of bio-psycho-social model. Its persistence not only significantly compromises individual’s quality life but also correlates with organ damage. Surprisingly, intricate relationship between fatigue and female reproductive health, specifically infertility, remains largely unexplored. Our exploration into existing body evidence establishes a compelling link uterine ovarian as well conditions associated such rheumatism. This observation suggests potentially pivotal role influencing overall fertility. Furthermore, we propose hypothetical mechanism elucidating impact on infertility from multiple perspectives, postulating that neuroendocrine, neurotransmitter, inflammatory immune, mitochondrial dysfunction resulting its co-factors may further contribute to endocrine disorders, menstrual irregularities, sexual dysfunction, ultimately leading infertility. In addition providing this comprehensive theoretical framework, summarize anti-fatigue strategies accentuate current knowledge gaps. By doing so, our aim is offer novel insights, stimulate research, advance understanding crucial interplay health.

Language: Английский

---

Revealing the Hidden Impacts: Insights into Biological Aging and Long-Term Effects in Pauci- and Asymptomatic COVID-19 Healthcare Workers

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(15), P. 8056 - 8056

Published: July 24, 2024

This study explores the role of inflammation and oxidative stress, hallmarks COVID-19, in accelerating cellular biological aging. We investigated early molecular markers—DNA methylation age (DNAmAge) telomere length (TL)—in blood leukocytes, nasal cells (NCs), induced sputum (IS) one year post-infection pauci- asymptomatic healthcare workers (HCWs) infected during first pandemic wave (February–May 2020), compared to COPD patients, model for “aged lung”. Data from questionnaires, Work Ability Index (WAI), analyses, autonomic cardiac balance assessments, heart rate variability (HRV), pulmonary function tests were collected. Elevated leukocyte DNAmAge significantly correlated with advancing age, male sex, daytime work, an aged phenotype characterized by chronic diseases, elevated LDL glycemia levels, medications affecting HRV, declines lung function, WAI, lymphocyte count, hemoglobin HRV (p < 0.05). Increasing job positions involving intensive patient contact, higher counts collectively contributed shortened TL Notably, HCWs exhibited accelerated aging IS both leukocytes ≤ 0.05) NCs 0.001) biologically older than patients These findings suggest need monitor COVID-19 survivors, who represent majority general population.

Language: Английский

---