Development of Maternal Antibodies Post ZIKV in Pregnancy is Associated with Lower Risk of Microcephaly and Structural Brain Abnormalities in Exposed Infants DOI
Karin Nielsen‐Saines, Tahmineh Romero, Ana Paula Duarte

et al.

The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 21, 2025

Abstract Background We investigated the association between maternal neutralizing antibodies (nAb) to Zika virus (ZIKV) in pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. Methods In pregnant participants with confirmed ZIKV infection, we determined trimester of collected sera longitudinally, measured nAbs via plaque reduction. neonates, adverse outcomes included microcephaly (MC), structural brain abnormalities (SBA), hearing, eye abnormalities. Associations nAbs, were analyzed Cox regression. Results total, 137 ZIKV-positive had neutralization assays performed during postdelivery. Infection rates 29% first, 50% second, 21% third trimester. Mean nAb titer >2 weeks postinfection was 64 258 (SD 213 288). Ten percent 90% reduction (PRNT90) titers <500, 10% 500–1000, 73% > 1000, 7% did not have serologic follow-up; 15%. infants findings. Protective factors against MC 88 mothers available infection later gestation (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.06; P = .036) adequate (aHR, 0.17; .014). No SBA associated 0.16; .017) 0.34; .012). Adjusting for trimester, higher lower risk SBA. Seven (5.1%) positive serum polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results beyond 14 days (range, 35–269 days). Participants PCR positivity >60 (n 2) MC/SBA. Conclusions less frequent pregnancy.

Language: Английский

Pathogenesis of viral infections during pregnancy DOI
Patrick S. Creisher, Sabra L. Klein

Clinical Microbiology Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 37(2)

Published: Feb. 29, 2024

SUMMARY Viral infections during pregnancy are associated with significant adverse perinatal and fetal outcomes. Pregnancy is a unique immunologic physiologic state, which can influence control of virus replication, severity disease, vertical transmission. The placenta the organ maternal-fetal interface provides defense against microbial infection while supporting semi-allogeneic fetus via tolerogenic immune responses. Some viruses, such as cytomegalovirus, Zika virus, rubella breach these defenses, directly infecting having long-lasting consequences. Even without direct placental infection, other including respiratory viruses like influenza severe acute syndrome coronavirus 2, still cause damage inflammation. Concentrations progesterone estrogens rise contribute to immunological adaptations, placentation, development play pivotal role in creating environment at interface. Animal models, mice, nonhuman primates, rabbits, guinea pigs, instrumental for mechanistic insights into pathogenesis viral identification targetable treatments improve health outcomes pregnant individuals offspring.

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Role of non-human primate models in accelerating research and developing countermeasures against Zika virus infection DOI Creative Commons

Amanda Li,

Lark L. Coffey, Emma L. Mohr

et al.

The Lancet Microbe, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 101030 - 101030

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Zika virus, a mosquito-transmitted orthoflavivirus, has become pathogen of global health concern ever since the virus caused an epidemic in Brazil 2015 associated with approximately 700 000 laboratory-confirmed cases congenital microcephaly. The subsequent spread 2016 resulted wide spectrum neurological, ophthalmological, and developmental abnormalities across Americas, Africa, Asia. In this context, non-human primate models have essential tools for research to understand pathogenesis brain injury perinatal complications developing testing medical countermeasures such as vaccines, diagnostics, therapeutics. Fetal been observed various species is influenced by factors strain, gestational age at inoculation, inoculation dose route. Miscarriages are also seen common outcomes first trimester infections. This Series paper reviews diverse currently used mitigate public effects future epidemics.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Development of Maternal Antibodies Post ZIKV in Pregnancy is Associated with Lower Risk of Microcephaly and Structural Brain Abnormalities in Exposed Infants DOI
Karin Nielsen‐Saines, Tahmineh Romero, Ana Paula Duarte

et al.

The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 21, 2025

Abstract Background We investigated the association between maternal neutralizing antibodies (nAb) to Zika virus (ZIKV) in pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. Methods In pregnant participants with confirmed ZIKV infection, we determined trimester of collected sera longitudinally, measured nAbs via plaque reduction. neonates, adverse outcomes included microcephaly (MC), structural brain abnormalities (SBA), hearing, eye abnormalities. Associations nAbs, were analyzed Cox regression. Results total, 137 ZIKV-positive had neutralization assays performed during postdelivery. Infection rates 29% first, 50% second, 21% third trimester. Mean nAb titer >2 weeks postinfection was 64 258 (SD 213 288). Ten percent 90% reduction (PRNT90) titers <500, 10% 500–1000, 73% > 1000, 7% did not have serologic follow-up; 15%. infants findings. Protective factors against MC 88 mothers available infection later gestation (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.06; P = .036) adequate (aHR, 0.17; .014). No SBA associated 0.16; .017) 0.34; .012). Adjusting for trimester, higher lower risk SBA. Seven (5.1%) positive serum polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results beyond 14 days (range, 35–269 days). Participants PCR positivity >60 (n 2) MC/SBA. Conclusions less frequent pregnancy.

Language: Английский

Citations

0