Realizing the Promise of Artificial Intelligence in Hepatocellular Carcinoma through Opportunities and Recommendations for Responsible Translation

Jurnal Online Informatika, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(1), P. 70 - 79

Published: April 26, 2024

This study aims to provide an overview of the current state-of-the-art applications artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning in management hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), explore future directions for continued progress this emerging field. is a comprehensive literature review that synthesizes recent findings advancements application AI techniques across various aspects HCC care, including screening early detection, diagnosis staging, prognostic modeling, treatment planning, interventional guidance, monitoring response. The draws upon wide range published research studies, focusing on integration with diverse data sources, such as medical imaging, clinical data, genomics, other multimodal information. results demonstrate AI-based systems have shown promise improving accuracy efficiency screening, diagnosis, tumor characterization compared traditional methods. Machine models integrating clinical, genomic outperformed conventional staging predicting survival recurrence risk. recommendation potential optimize personalized therapy selection, while augmented reality can guide procedures real-time. Moreover, longitudinal may enhance assessment response monitoring. Despite these promising findings, highlights need rigorous multicenter prospective validation standardized datasets, thoughtful consideration ethical implications before widespread implementation technologies management.

Language: Английский

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Efficacy and safety of nivolumab plus ipilimumab in gastrointestinal cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Frontiers in Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers represent a significant global health burden, and the need for more effective treatment options is exceptionally pressing. The present meta-analysis aimed to explore efficacy safety of combination nivolumab ipilimumab in treating GI cancers. A systematic search four databases (PubMed, Embase, Web Science, Cochrane Library) was conducted articles on with combined ipilimumab, published from 2014 up 30 August 2024. inclusion criteria were designed according principles Participants, Intervention, Control, Outcomes, Study (PICOS). control group chemotherapy or monotherapy other drugs. We extracted data 10 randomized controlled trials utilized random effects model assess objective response rate (ORR), median progression-free survival (mPFS), overall (mOS), duration (mDOR), treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs). analysis using Review Manager version 5.4 Stata 12.0. Overall, demonstrated superior outcomes, including higher ORR (OR = 1.69, P 0.01), prolonged mOS (MD 1.74, 0.04) extended mDOR 5.64, < 0.00001) compared group. Subgroup that 1.75, 0.02) 5.02, 0.003) significantly improved patients esophageal cancer. Notably, biliary cancer lower 0.11, 0.04). Additionally, NIVO1 + IPI3group 2.82, 0.01) NIVO3 IPI1 1.62, 0.01). Regarding safety, there no statistically difference between regimen terms any grade 0.72, 0.26) 3-4 TRAEs 1.36, 0.14). Nivolumab (especially cancer) without causing reactions. However, its still needs be further proven. https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42024590994.

Language: Английский

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Integrating artificial intelligence into multidisciplinary evaluations of HCC: opportunities and challenges

Hepatoma Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 4, 2025

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent primary liver cancer and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally. The heterogeneity HCC complicates prognostic, management, predictive strategies across different patient populations. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) machine learning (ML) offer transformative opportunities to improve management. This review consolidates findings from various studies regarding integrating AI detecting, diagnosing, treating HCC, leveraging diverse data sources such as radiological imaging, genomics, clinical records. AI-based approaches have shown potential accuracy efficiency screening, early detection, tumor characterization, treatment response evaluation, surpassing traditional methods. However, deployment technologies hindered by challenges, including standardization, validation multiple centers, ethical considerations applications. emphasizes need establish comprehensive multimodal datasets collaborative research efforts validate applications By addressing these integration technology has revolutionize care, ultimately improved outcomes more personalized approach strategies.

Language: Английский

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The effectiveness and safety of therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma with tumor thrombus in the hepatic vein, inferior vena cave and/or right atrium: a systematic review and single-arm meta-analysis

Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 3, 2025

This review evaluates the efficacy and safety of therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with hepatic vein tumor thrombus (HVTT), inferior vena cava (IVCTT), and/or right atrium (RATT). A systematic PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Wanfang databases was conducted literatures in this topic up to 22 August 2024, focusing on overall survival (OS), progression -free (PFS), adverse reactions. Seven studies involving 453 patients were analyzed. The therapeutic strategies included surgery alone, local ± systemic therapy, adjuvant therapy. pooled 1-, 3-, 5-year OS rates all 63.3% (95% CI 52.7%-73.9%), 21.6% 4.9%-38.2%), 8.3% 2.9%-13.8%), respectively. Surgery therapy achieved highest 1-year OS, while led best OS. PFS 56.8% 45.2%-68.4%), 9.4% 0.0%-20.0%), 1.6% 0.0%-3.8%), alone frequently had reactions ascites pleural effusion, resulted dysfunction platelet abnormalities, accompanied by peritoneal abscess. Local provided long-term manageable complications among these three HCC HVTT, IVCTT, RATT. PROSPERO, (CRD42024573152).

Language: Английский

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Multi-omics reveals the associations among the fecal metabolome, intestinal bacteria, and serum indicators in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

World Journal of Gastroenterology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 31(15)

Published: April 17, 2025

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the predominant form of primary liver cancer, is a key contributor to cancer-related deaths globally. However, HCC diagnosis solely based on blood biochemical markers lacks both sensitivity and specificity. To investigate alterations fecal metabolome intestinal bacteria reveal correlations among differential metabolites, distinct bacteria, serum indicators. uncover potentially effective therapeutic targets for HCC, we utilized non-targeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry high-throughput DNA sequencing targeting 16S rRNA gene. This comprehensive approach allowed us microbial community structure feces samples obtained from patients with HCC. Furthermore, conducted an analysis assess interplay between bacterial population. In comparison healthy controls, notable overlap 161 metabolites 3 enriched Kyoto Encyclopedia Genes Genomes pathways was observed in HCC12 (comprising stage I II HCC) HCC34 groups III IV HCC). Lachnospira, Streptococcus, Veillonella had significant differences abundance Notably, Streptococcus exhibited indicators such as alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). Meanwhile, several [e.g., 4-keto-2-undecylpyrroline, dihydrojasmonic acid, 1,8-heptadecadiene-4,6-diyne-3,10-diol, 9(S)-HOTrE] also γ-glutamyl transferase, total bilirubin, AFP, aspartate aminotransferase, albumin. Additionally, these two genera associations 1,2-Dipentadecanoyl-rac-glycerol (15:0/20:0/0:0), arachidoyl ethanolamide, 4-keto-2-undecylpyrroline. Our results suggest that composition hold promise potential biomarkers diagnosis.

Language: Английский

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Advances in predictive biomarkers for melanoma immunotherapy

Holistic Integrative Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 3(1)

Published: Oct. 11, 2024

Abstract Purpose This review primarily discusses the current research advance of predictive biomarkers for melanoma immunotherapy. The aim present is to summarize and evaluate advantages disadvantages. Methods All reference can be found through Pubmed. mainly focuses on three main directions: tumor-related factors, host tumor microenvironment. In end, there exhibits some unusual aspects forecasts future model. Results mainsteam PD-L1, TMB, gene mutations, immune cells, IDO1, LDH, tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS), HLA-DR, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), Extracellular vesicles (EVs). Conclusion immunotherapy divided into parts: include TLS, TAMs, TILs, EVs. A model based multiple expected become answer predicting prognosis.

Language: Английский

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Advancements in the Treatment Landscape of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Cancers, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(5), P. 1054 - 1054

Published: March 5, 2024

The landscape of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment has expanded significantly with the advent multi-kinase inhibitors and immune checkpoint [...].

Language: Английский

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Five-year sustained response to nivolumab in hepatocellular carcinoma following serious immune-related hepatitis

GE Portuguese Journal of Gastroenterology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 11

Published: Dec. 20, 2024

Introduction Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) holds high cancer mortality worldwide. Immunotherapy-based combination therapy, currently the first-line (1L) standard of care in advanced HCC, has shifted treatment paradigm concerning both efficacy and safety outcomes. Data on immune-related adverse events surrogacy for outcomes is mixed. Case Report We report case a 58-year-old male with chronic Hepatitis C virus infection who presented voluminous shoulder HCC metastasis. Albeit an initial significant biochemical response 1L sorafenib, progressive disease after 3 months plus bleeding complication led to discontinuation. Second-line nivolumab, although yielding rapid clinical response, was permanently ceased 12 weeks due grade hepatitis. Notably, 5 years post-treatment, patient sustains major radiographic response. Discussion This highlights unusual sustained nivolumab following early discontinuation severe hepatotoxicity.

Language: Английский

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