Modulation of the Neuro–Cancer Connection by Metabolites of Gut Microbiota

Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 270 - 270

Published: Feb. 12, 2025

The gut-brain-cancer axis represents a novel and intricate connection between the gut microbiota, neurobiology, cancer progression. Recent advances have accentuated significant role of microbiota metabolites in modulating systemic processes that influence both brain health tumorigenesis. This paper explores emerging concept metabolite-mediated modulation within connection, focusing on key such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), tryptophan derivatives, secondary bile acids, lipopolysaccharides (LPS). While microbiota's impact immune regulation, neuroinflammation, tumor development is well established, gaps remain grasping how specific contribute to neuro-cancer interactions. We discuss with potential implications for neurobiology cancer, indoles polyamines, which yet be extensively studied. Furthermore, we review preclinical clinical evidence linking dysbiosis, altered metabolite profiles, tumors, showcasing limitations research gaps, particularly human longitudinal studies. Case studies investigating microbiota-based interventions, including dietary changes, fecal transplantation, probiotics, demonstrate promise but also indicate hurdles translating these findings therapies. concludes call standardized multi-omics approaches bi-directional frameworks integrating microbiome, neuroscience, oncology develop personalized therapeutic strategies patients.

Language: Английский

---

Redox Homeostasis, Gut Microbiota, and Epigenetics in Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Systematic Review

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(9), P. 1062 - 1062

Published: Aug. 30, 2024

Neurodegenerative diseases encompass a spectrum of disorders marked by the progressive degeneration structure and function nervous system. These conditions, including Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's (AD), Huntington's (HD), Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Multiple (MS), often lead to severe cognitive motor deficits. A critical component neurodegenerative pathologies is imbalance between pro-oxidant antioxidant mechanisms, culminating in oxidative stress. The brain's high oxygen consumption lipid-rich environment make it particularly vulnerable damage. Pro-oxidants such as reactive nitrogen species (RNS) (ROS) are continuously generated during normal metabolism, counteracted enzymatic non-enzymatic defenses. In diseases, this balance disrupted, leading neuronal This systematic review explores roles stress, gut microbiota, epigenetic modifications aiming elucidate interplay these factors identify potential therapeutic strategies. We conducted comprehensive search articles published 2024 across major databases, focusing on studies examining relationships redox homeostasis, changes neurodegeneration. total 161 were included, comprising clinical trials, observational studies, experimental research. Our findings reveal that stress plays central role pathogenesis with microbiota composition significantly influencing balance. Specific bacterial taxa markers identified modulators suggesting novel avenues for intervention. Moreover, recent evidence from human animal supports emerging concept targeting homeostasis through therapies. Future research should focus validating targets settings exploring personalized medicine strategies based individual profiles.

Language: Английский

---

Investigating gut alterations in Alzheimer’s disease: In-depth analysis with micro- and nano-3D X-ray phase contrast tomography

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(5)

Published: Jan. 31, 2025

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder, remains one of the foremost public health challenges affecting more than 30 million people worldwide with etiology still largely enigmatic. The intricate gut-brain axis, serving as vital communication network between gut and brain, appears to wield influence in progression AD. Our study showcases remarkable precision x-ray phase-contrast tomography (XPCT) conducting an advanced three-dimensional examination cellular composition structure. exploitation micro- nano-XPCT on various AD mouse models unveiled relevant alterations villi crypts, transformations Paneth goblet cells, along detection telocytes, neurons, erythrocytes, mucus secretion by cells within cavity. observed structural variations may elucidate transition from dysbiosis neurodegeneration cognitive decline. Leveraging XPCT could prove pivotal early prognosis disease.

Language: Английский

---

Fiber, microbiomes, and SCFAs: insights from companion animal models to inform personalized nutrition

mSystems, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 10, 2025

ABSTRACT A recent study by A. Bhosle, M. I. Jackson, Walsh, E. Franzosa, et al. (mSystems 10:e00452-24, 2024, https://doi.org/10.1128/msystems.00452-24 ) enhances our understanding of dietary fiber’s impact on the gut microbiome and metabolome in companion animals, uncovering individual variations microbial metabolic responses. By examining short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) profiles response to fiber, authors reveal potential therapeutic benefits tailored interventions, such as enhanced immune health. These findings resonate with human research, where fiber has shown health through diversity SCFA production. The emphasizes for breed-specific responses given variation composition physiology across breeds. Such insights align emerging concepts personalized nutrition, offering an opportunity develop precision strategies that address specific needs both veterinary contexts. This foundational research positions a valuable tool preventive health, providing roadmap future studies refine individualized approaches modulation.

Language: Английский

---

A 3D Gut-Brain-Vascular Platform for Bidirectional Crosstalk in Gut-Neuropathogenesis

Published: March 12, 2025

A ‘gut-brain axis’ is an intricate bidirectional connection between the gut and central nervous system, serving as a key pathway for signal exchange. However, current in vitro models do not fully capture dynamics of interactions these organs, which limits mechanistic understanding therapeutic exploration. Here, we present 3D human gut-brain vascular (GBV) model that simulates communication entities, allowing us to investigate disorders originating from both brain. We created physiologically relevant axis model, creating villus-like lumenized barrier, blood vascular-astrocyte interactions, brain tissue mimics neurovascular interactions. Next, demonstrated gut-to-brain signaling by introducing bacterial-derived toxins into side, penetrate barrier ultimately reaching leading tauopathy, indicator neurodegeneration. observed brain-to-gut exposing side risk factors Alzheimer’s (AD) Parkinson’s (PD), induces neuroinflammation, disrupts subsequently affects epithelial integrity. Our precisely engineered microphysiological system emulates gut-brain-vascular serves translational tool identify targets evaluate pharmaceuticals neurological gastrointestinal disorders.

Language: Английский

---

Role of Antioxidants in Modulating the Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis and Their Impact on Neurodegenerative Diseases

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(8), P. 3658 - 3658

Published: April 12, 2025

This narrative review presents the role of antioxidants in regulating gut microbiota and impact on gut–brain axis, with a particular focus neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s (AD) Parkinson’s disease (PD). These diseases are characterised by cognitive decline, motor dysfunction, neuroinflammation, all which significantly exacerbated oxidative stress. elucidates contribution damage to progression explores potential mitigate these pathological processes through modulation associated pathways. Based recent studies retrieved from reputable databases, including PubMed, Web Science, Scopus, this article outlines mechanisms influence health exert neuroprotective effects. Specifically, it discusses how antioxidants, polyphenols, vitamins, flavonoids, contribute reduction reactive oxygen species (ROS) production thereby promoting neuronal survival minimising brain. In addition, modulating key molecular pathways involved stress NF-κB, Nrf2, MAPK, PI3K/AKT pathways, regulate ROS generation, inflammatory cytokine expression, antioxidant responses essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis both central nervous system. complex relationship between gut-derived metabolites, stress, highlighting dysbiosis—an imbalance microbiota—can exacerbate accelerating AD PD. The also examines short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced beneficial bacteria attenuate neuroinflammation damage. Furthermore, therapeutic microbiota-targeted interventions, delivery probiotics prebiotics, innovative strategies restore microbial support brain health. By synthesising current knowledge interplay underlying neurodegeneration, highlights promise antioxidant-based interventions mitigating progression. It need further research into antioxidant-rich dietary microbiota-focused therapies promising avenues prevention treatment diseases.

Language: Английский

---

Roles of the gut microbiota in human neurodevelopment and adult brain disorders

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18

Published: Nov. 26, 2024

Growing evidence demonstrates the connection between gut microbiota, neurodevelopment, and adult brain function. Microbial colonization occurs before maturation of neural systems its association with development. The early microbiome interactions gut-brain axis evolved to stimulate cognitive activities. Gut dysbiosis can lead impaired development, growth, Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is critically required for structure function, modulates impacts activity. This review explores how microbiota influences development functions, encompassing modulation neurotransmitter activity, neuroinflammation, blood-brain barrier integrity. In addition, it highlights processes affects fetal neurodevelopment discusses disorders.

Language: Английский

---

Lipopolysaccharide-mediated effects of the microbiota on sleep and body temperature

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Nov. 9, 2024

Recent research suggests that microbial molecules translocated from the intestinal lumen into host's internal environment may play a role in various physiological functions, including sleep. Previously, we identified butyrate, short-chain fatty acid produced by bacteria, and lipoteichoic acid, cell wall component of gram-positive induce sleep when their naturally occurring translocation is mimicked direct delivery portal vein. Building upon these findings, aimed to explore signaling potential intraportally administered lipopolysaccharide (LPS), primary gram-negative bacterial walls, rats. Low dose LPS (1 μg/kg) increased duration prolonged fever, without affecting systemic levels. Interestingly, administering systemically outside region at 20 times higher did not affect sleep, indicating localized sensitivity within hepatoportal for febrile effects LPS. Furthermore, both sleep- fever-inducing were inhibited indomethacin, prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor, replicated intraportal administration E

Language: Английский

---

Gut Microbiota and Neuroinflammation: An Interconnected Nexus of Health and Neurodegenerative Disease

OBM Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 08(04), P. 1 - 28

Published: Nov. 20, 2024

The gut microbiota, a complex ecosystem of billions microorganisms in the human digestive tract, plays crucial role maintaining health. Recent studies have highlighted bidirectional communication pathway called gut-brain axis between and brain. This is significantly influenced by microbiota its interactions with immune system, which can affect brain function contribute to inflammation. study aims provide comprehensive overview relationship neuroinflammation, focusing on underlying mechanisms implications for neurological disorders. A thorough literature review was conducted, examining impact this interaction, potential therapeutic applications. modulates neuroinflammation through various pathways, including producing short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), modulating regulating nervous system. Dysbiosis, characterized an imbalance composition, has been associated increased risk conditions. Interventions such as probiotics, prebiotics, fecal transplantation show promise treating neuroinflammation. Understanding pivotal essential developing novel strategies prevent manage diseases. Further research needed elucidate involved, identify specific profiles different disorders, optimize personalized therapies based microbiome modulation.

Language: Английский

---