From chaos to order: optimizing fecal microbiota transplantation for enhanced immune checkpoint inhibitors efficacy

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: Jan. 18, 2025

The integration of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) presents a promising approach for enhancing cancer treatment efficacy and overcoming therapeutic resistance. This review critically examines the controversial effects FMT on ICIs outcomes elucidates underlying mechanisms. We investigate how modulates gut composition, microbial metabolite profiles, tumor microenvironment, thereby influencing effectiveness. Key factors efficacy, including donor selection criteria, recipient characteristics, administration protocols, are comprehensively discussed. delineates strategies optimizing formulations systematically monitoring post-transplant microbiome dynamics. Through comprehensive synthesis evidence from clinical trials preclinical studies, we elucidate potential benefits challenges combining across diverse types. While some studies report improved outcomes, others indicate no benefit or adverse effects, emphasizing complexity host-microbiome interactions in immunotherapy. outline critical research directions, encompassing need large-scale, multi-center randomized controlled trials, in-depth ecology multi-omics approaches artificial intelligence. Regulatory ethical addressed, underscoring imperative standardized protocols rigorous long-term safety assessments. seeks to guide future endeavors applications FMT-ICIs combination therapy, improve patient while ensuring both efficacy. As this rapidly evolving field advances, maintaining judicious balance between openness innovation cautious scrutiny is crucial realizing full modulation

Language: Английский

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Modulation of the Neuro–Cancer Connection by Metabolites of Gut Microbiota

Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 270 - 270

Published: Feb. 12, 2025

The gut-brain-cancer axis represents a novel and intricate connection between the gut microbiota, neurobiology, cancer progression. Recent advances have accentuated significant role of microbiota metabolites in modulating systemic processes that influence both brain health tumorigenesis. This paper explores emerging concept metabolite-mediated modulation within connection, focusing on key such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), tryptophan derivatives, secondary bile acids, lipopolysaccharides (LPS). While microbiota's impact immune regulation, neuroinflammation, tumor development is well established, gaps remain grasping how specific contribute to neuro-cancer interactions. We discuss with potential implications for neurobiology cancer, indoles polyamines, which yet be extensively studied. Furthermore, we review preclinical clinical evidence linking dysbiosis, altered metabolite profiles, tumors, showcasing limitations research gaps, particularly human longitudinal studies. Case studies investigating microbiota-based interventions, including dietary changes, fecal transplantation, probiotics, demonstrate promise but also indicate hurdles translating these findings therapies. concludes call standardized multi-omics approaches bi-directional frameworks integrating microbiome, neuroscience, oncology develop personalized therapeutic strategies patients.

Language: Английский

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The Role of the Gut Microbiota in Modulating Signaling Pathways and Oxidative Stress in Glioma Therapies

Cancers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(5), P. 719 - 719

Published: Feb. 20, 2025

Tumors of the central nervous system (CNS), especially gliomas, pose a significant clinical challenge due to their aggressive nature and limited therapeutic options. Emerging research highlights critical role gut microbiota in regulating CNS health disease. The composition is essential for maintaining homeostasis, as it modulates immune responses, oxidative status, neuroinflammation. microbiota–gut–brain axis, bidirectional communication network, plays pivotal cancer disease treatment, exerting its influence through neural, endocrine, immunological, metabolic pathways. Recent studies suggest that influences solidification tumor microenvironment dysbiosis may promote glioma development by modulating systemic inflammation stress, which contributes tumorigenesis progression. This review interrogates impact on glioma, focusing pathways such NF-κB, MAPK, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, Kynurenine/AhR drive proliferation, evasion, therapy resistance. Furthermore, we explore emerging strategies, including probiotics microbiota-based interventions, show potential these enhancing immunotherapies checkpoint inhibitors. By multifaceted interactions between microbiota, tumors, this microbiota-targeted therapies manipulation complement enhance current treatments.

Language: Английский

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The Complexity of Malignant Glioma Treatment

Cancers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(5), P. 879 - 879

Published: March 4, 2025

Malignant glioma is a highly aggressive, therapeutically non-responsive, and deadly disease with unique tumor microenvironment (TME). Of the 14 currently recognized described cancer hallmarks, five are especially implicated in malignant targetable repurposed drugs: stem-like cells, general, cells particular (GSCs), vascularization hypoxia, metabolic reprogramming, tumor-promoting inflammation sustained proliferative signaling. Each hallmark drives development, both individually through interactions other which TME plays critical role. To combat aggressive spatio-temporal heterogeneity driven by interactions, to overcome its therapeutic challenges, combined treatment strategy including anticancer therapies, drugs multimodal immunotherapy should be aim for future approaches.

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota in colorectal cancer: a review of its influence on tumor immune surveillance and therapeutic response

Frontiers in Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: March 5, 2025

Colorectal cancer (CRC) poses a significant global health burden, with gut microbiota emerging as crucial modulator of CRC pathogenesis and therapeutic outcomes. This review synthesizes current evidence on the influence tumor immune surveillance responses to immunotherapies chemotherapy in CRC. We highlight role specific microbial taxa promoting or inhibiting growth potential microbiota-based biomarkers for predicting treatment efficacy. The also discusses implications modulation strategies, including diet, probiotics, fecal transplantation, personalized management. By critically evaluating literature, we aim provide comprehensive understanding microbiota’s dual inform future research directions this field.

Language: Английский

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Targeting gut microbiota: a potential therapeutic approach for tumor microenvironment in glioma

Frontiers in Neurology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: March 21, 2025

Glioma, being one of the malignant tumors with highest mortality rate globally, has an unclear pathogenesis, and existing treatment effects still have certain limitations. The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays important role in occurrence, development, recurrence glioma. As regulatory factors TME, gut microbiota can regulate progression glioma not only by interacting brain through brain-gut axis but also influencing immune (TIME) inflammatory microenvironment. Recent studies identified TME as potential therapeutic targets for This paper aims to summarize association between them glioma, developing new intervention measures targeting microbiota. Understanding involvement process may pave way development effective methods that prevent disease progression.

Language: Английский

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The Role of Gut Microbiome on Glioblastoma Oncogenesis and Malignant Evolution

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(7), P. 2935 - 2935

Published: March 24, 2025

Glioblastoma (GBM) remains the most aggressive primary brain tumor, with poor survival outcomes and treatment limited to maximal safe surgical resection, chemotherapy temozolomide, radiotherapy. While immunotherapy targeted treatments show promise, therapeutic resistance disease progression remain major challenges. This is partly due GBM's classification as a "cold tumor" low mutational burden lack of distinct molecular targets for drug delivery that selectively spare healthy tissue. Emerging evidence highlights gut microbiota key player in cancer biology, influencing both glioma development response. review explores intersectionality between microbiome GBM, beginning an overview composition its broader implications pathophysiology. We then examine how specific microbial populations contribute oncogenesis, modulating immune responses, inflammation, metabolic pathways drive tumor initiation progression. Additionally, we discuss microbiome's role resistance, including impact on chemotherapy, radiotherapy, efficacy. Given influence outcomes, evaluate emerging strategies modulate flora, such probiotics, dietary interventions, microbiota-based therapeutics, enhance therapy response GBM patients. Finally, address challenges future directions, emphasizing need standardized methodologies, mechanistic studies, clinical trials validate microbiota-targeted interventions neuro-oncology. By integrating research into paradigms, may unlock novel avenues improve patient outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Advancing Cancer Treatment: A Review of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Combination Strategies

Cancers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(9), P. 1408 - 1408

Published: April 23, 2025

A groundbreaking milestone in oncology has been the recognition and targeted elimination of malignant cells through cancer immunotherapy, which harnesses body’s immune system to attack [...]

Language: Английский

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Glioblastoma-associated macrophages in glioblastoma: from their function and mechanism to therapeutic advances

Cancer Gene Therapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 30, 2025

Language: Английский

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Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy in central nervous system cancers: State-of-the-art and future outlook

International Immunopharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 159, P. 114837 - 114837

Published: May 19, 2025

Language: Английский

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