Inhibition of Ovarian Cancer Growth, Metastasis and Reverse the Tumor Microenvironment by Dual Drug-Loaded Polymer Micelle Targeting Tumor Microenvironment

International Journal of Nanomedicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: Volume 20, P. 2969 - 2990

Published: March 1, 2025

Introduction: Ovarian cancer is a malignant tumor that arises in the female reproductive system and associated with very high mortality rate. This primarily due to highly invasive nature of metastasis recurrence. Transforming immune environment from an immunosuppressive state anti-tumor through phenotypic transformation tumor-associated macrophages crucial for inhibiting growth, metastasis, recurrence ovarian cancer. Methods: A polymer micelle (RC-PH-Ms) containing paclitaxel (PTX) honokiol (HNK) was designed based on expression reactive oxygen species microenvironment. Once micelles are actively targeted microenvironment characterized by elevated levels species, responsive bond cleaved, thereby exposing secondary targeting ligand C7R. The released PTX HNK facilitate relevant M2 phenotype M1 phenotype, which turn inhibits invasion inhibit angiogenesis reduce Results: effects RC-PH-Ms modulating vascularization were investigated both vivo vitro. Conclusion: can significantly cancer, provides new perspective clinical treatment. Keywords: recrudescence, immunotherapy,

Language: Английский

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From Defense to Disease: How the Immune System Fuels Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition in Ovarian Cancer

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(9), P. 4041 - 4041

Published: April 24, 2025

Ovarian cancer is one of the most deadly gynecological cancers, with over 300 thousand new cases per year, which are diagnosed in advanced stages. The limited availability effective biomarkers and lack characteristic symptoms make early diagnosis difficult, resulting a five-year survival rate 30–40%. Mutations BRCA1 BRCA2 genes abnormalities signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT TP53 play key role progression ovarian cancer. immune system, can act against tumors, often supports tumor development microenvironment through immunoevasion, influenced by cytokines IL-6, IL-10, TGF-β. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) allows cells to acquire mesenchymal characteristics, increasing their invasiveness metastatic capacity. Immunological factors, including pro-inflammatory signals from regulate EMT process. This review aims present progression, its interactions potential therapeutic targets. Modulation response inhibition may constitute basis for personalized therapies, opens possibilities improving prognosis efficacy treatment patients

Language: Английский

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Construction of a prognostic model for ovarian cancer based on a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis of cuproptosis-associated long non-coding RNA signatures

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(15), P. e35004 - e35004

Published: July 23, 2024

Ovarian cancer (OCa) is a common malignancy in women, and the role of cuproptosis its related genes OCa unclear. Using GSE14407 dataset, we analyzed expression correlation cuproptosis-related (CRGs) between tumor normal groups. From TCGA-OV identified 20 long non-coding RNAs (CuLncs) associated with patient survival through univariate Cox analysis. patients were divided into early-stage late-stage groups to analyze CuLncs expression. Cluster analysis classified two clusters, Cluster1 having poorer prognosis. Significant differences "Lymphatic Invasion" "Cancer status" observed clusters. Seven CRGs showed significant differences, validated using human protein atlas (HPA) databases. Immune revealed higher ImmuneScore Cluster1. GSEA signaling pathways. LASSO regression included 11 construct validate prediction model, classifying high-risk low-risk Correlations riskScore, phenotype, ImmuneScore, immune cell infiltration explored. Cell experiments that knocking down AC023644.1 decreases viability. In conclusion, constructed an accurate prognostic model for based on CuLncs, providing basis prognosis assessment potential immunotherapy targets.

Language: Английский

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Research progress of immune checkpoint inhibitors in ovarian cancer

Exploration of Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 853 - 870

Published: Dec. 18, 2024

Ovarian cancer is the deadliest malignant tumor in female reproductive system. Despite advancements standard treatments such as debulking surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy, overall survival rate remains low. The emergence of targeted therapies, including Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors anti-angiogenic agents, has provided new avenues for treatment. However, drug resistance disease heterogeneity continue to pose significant challenges. Immune checkpoint (ICIs), an emerging therapeutic approach, primarily target programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed ligand (PD-L1) cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) pathways restore anti-tumor immune responses. Although ICIs have shown efficacy other malignancies, their effectiveness ovarian limited, with a response only 10–15% monotherapy. Recent studies focused on combining or PARP enhance outcomes. This article reviews progress cancer, monotherapy combination treatment strategies, explores targets strategies aimed at improving patient prognosis achieving personalized By gaining deeper understanding microenvironment its evasion mechanisms, there hope developing more effective options future, ultimately rates quality life patients.

Language: Английский

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