Cancer-associated fibroblasts, tumor and radiotherapy: interactions in the tumor micro-environment

Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 43(1)

Published: Dec. 19, 2024

Abstract Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) represent a group of genotypically non-malignant stromal cells in the tumor micro-environment (TME) solid tumors that encompasses up to 80% volume. Even though phenotypic diversity and plasticity CAFs complicates research, it is well-established can affect many aspects progression, including growth, invasion therapy resistance. Although anti-tumorigenic properties have been reported, majority research demonstrates pro-tumorigenic role for via (in)direct signaling cancer cells, immunomodulation extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. Following harsh therapeutic approaches such as radio- and/or chemotherapy, do not die but rather become senescent. Upon conversion towards senescence, characteristics are preserved or even amplified. Senescent continue promote cell resistance, modulate ECM, stimulate epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) induce immunosuppression. Consequently, play significant survival, relapse potentially malignant transformation surviving following therapy. Modulating CAF functioning TME therefore critical area research. Proposed strategies enhance efficacy include reverting senescent quiescent phenotype selectively targeting (non-)senescent CAFs. In this review, we discuss before during therapy, with strong focus on radiotherapy. future, should be taken into account when designing treatment plans new approaches.

Language: Английский

The Early Response After Radiation Therapy on Three-Dimensional Oral Cancer Model Using Patient-Derived Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts

International Journal of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 5(1), P. 12 - 12

Published: March 20, 2025

Background/Objectives: Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which are an important component of the tumor microenvironment, have been reported to adverse effect on conventional radiotherapy. This study aims elucidate effects CAFs in boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) using a three-dimensional (3D) oral cancer model. Methods: Three-dimensional models were fabricated patient-derived or normal (NOFs) and human squamous cell carcinoma line. Each 3D model was performed with either X-ray treatment BNCT additionally analyzed histomorphologically. Results: The cancer-CAFs demonstrated greater depth invasion than cancer-NOFs Radiation for indicated trend decreasing number dose dependence both BNCT. In comparison X-rays, showed consistent increase NOFs significant reduction CAFs. Conclusions: shown be effective against cells but not NOFs, indicating its usefulness as minimally invasive advanced cancer. Furthermore, it is that valuable tool evaluate research, particularly high-grade malignant tumors invasion.

Language: Английский

Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts as the “Architect” of the Lung Cancer Immune Microenvironment: Multidimensional Roles and Synergistic Regulation with Radiotherapy

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(7), P. 3234 - 3234

Published: March 31, 2025

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), as the “architect” of immune microenvironment in lung cancer, play a multidimensional role tumor progression and regulation. In this review, we summarize heterogeneity origin molecular phenotype CAFs explore complex interactions between multiple components microenvironment, including regulatory relationships with innate cells (e.g., tumor-associated macrophages, neutrophils), adaptive T cells), extracellular matrix (ECM). significantly influence immunomodulation through secretion cytokines, remodeling ECM, regulation cell function affects escape treatment resistance tumors. addition, review also deeply explored synergistic relationship CAF radiotherapy, revealing key radiotherapy-induced which provides new perspective for optimizing comprehensive strategy cancer. By comprehensively analyzing roles its interaction aims to provide theoretical basis precise clinical

Language: Английский