Exposing the cellular situation: findings from single cell RNA sequencing in breast cancer

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: March 6, 2025

Breast Cancer (BC) ranks among the top three most prevalent cancers globally and stands as principal contributor to cancer-related fatalities women. In spite of substantial occurrence rate BC, early stage this disease is generally regarded curable. However, intra-tumor heterogeneity presents a formidable obstacle success effective treatment. research, single cell RNA sequencing was utilized dissect tumor microenvironment within BC. Slingshot, CytoTRACE Monocle 2 were applied illustrate differentiation process each subpopulation in pseudotime sequence. To comprehensively comprehend cells (TCs) an analysis upstream transcription factors carried out via pySCENIC, while downstream pathway enrichment conducted through KEGG, GO GSEA. The prognosis model established based on bulk data obtained from TCGA GEO databases. Knock-down experiments also implemented explore function factor CEBPD TCs. Our in-depth identified eight types. Notably, TCs predominantly found epithelial cells. classification further uncovered five unique subpopulations, with one characterized by high UGDH expression. This shown possess distinct metabolic features metabolism-related investigations. intricate communication modalities different types effectively demonstrated means CellChat. Additionally, crucial factor, CEBPD, identified, which pronounced propensity towards tumors harbored potential tumor-advancing characteristics. Its role promoting cancer subsequently verified vitro knock-down experiments. Moreover, prognostic developed, risk score genes incorporated model. Through comparing prognoses UTRS levels, it determined that group had less favorable prognosis. These outcomes contributed elucidation complex interrelationships BC microenvironment. By specifically targeting certain subpopulations TCs, novel treatment strategies could potentially be devised. study shed light direction future research should take, furnishing valuable information can enhance regimens.

Language: Английский

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Single-cell insights into HNSCC tumor heterogeneity and programmed cell death pathways

Translational Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 54, P. 102341 - 102341

Published: March 10, 2025

Language: Английский

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The Potential Role of C4 MYH11+ Fibroblasts and the MDK-SDC2 Ligand-Receptor Pair in Lung Adenocarcinoma: Implications for Prognosis and Therapeutic Strategies

Translational Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 55, P. 102364 - 102364

Published: March 22, 2025

Language: Английский

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Investigation of the role of GEM in systemic lupus erythematosus through multi-omics joint analysis

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: April 9, 2025

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a persistent autoimmune disorder marked by dysregulation of the immune system, resulting in extensive tissue inflammation and subsequent damage. Fibroblasts are essential contributors to pathogenesis SLE, particularly driving progression fibrosis inflammation. Recent research has proposed that GEM gene may regulate fibroblast activity SLE. However, precise molecular mechanisms through which modulates functions context SLE yet be fully elucidated. Gaining insight into these crucial for uncovering potential therapeutic targets aimed at addressing associated with Single-cell RNA sequencing was integrated cell-based assays, such as quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) functional cellular experiments, investigate underlying mechanisms. The regulatory fibroblasts were analyzed cell assays. Differential expression subpopulations identified single-cell sequencing, emerging key implicated alterations. Trajectory analysis indicated correlated proliferation migration. Subsequent experiments confirmed regulates viability influences disease modulation proliferation, migration, apoptosis. highly differentially expressed within its altered impacts apoptosis, potentially contributing

Language: Английский

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Single-cell RNA sequencing in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: tumor heterogeneity, microenvironment, resistance, and prognostic markers

Frontiers in Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: April 9, 2025

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a highly heterogeneous malignancy with challenges in treatment resistance and relapse. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has provided important insights into tumor heterogeneity, microenvironment interactions, mechanisms, prognostic biomarkers. This review summarizes key findings from scRNA-seq studies, which have deepened our understanding of DLBCL contributed to the development precision therapeutic strategies. Integrating spatial transcriptomics single-cell multi-omics may further elucidate disease mechanisms identify novel targets, supporting advancement medicine DLBCL.

Language: Английский

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Immunotherapeutic strategies for invasive bladder cancer: a comprehensive review

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: April 30, 2025

Bladder cancer is a prevalent malignancy, with muscle-invasive bladder (MIBC) presenting significant therapeutic challenge. Standard treatments, including radical cystectomy (RC) and neoadjuvant chemotherapy, pose substantial risks impact quality of life, leading to increasing interest in bladder-preserving therapies (BPT). Immunotherapy has revolutionized management, strategies ranging from intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) its ligand (PD-L1). In BCG-unresponsive non-muscle-invasive (NMIBC), PD-1 such as pembrolizumab offer promising response rates. MIBC, immunotherapy agents like atezolizumab improves pathological complete (pCR) facilitates preservation. Combination regimens integrating radiotherapy, not only enhance treatment efficacy but also exploit mechanisms immunogenic antigen release that further augment antitumor responses. This review provides comprehensive analysis current immunotherapeutic for invasive cancer, highlighting their clinical applications future potential.

Language: Английский

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Anti-tumor effect and immune-related mechanism study of compound aluminum sulfate injection in transplanted tumor-bearing mice

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: May 1, 2025

This study investigates the antitumor and immunomodulatory effects of compound aluminum sulfate (CAS) solution in murine melanoma models. Using syngeneic B16-F10 B16-OVA tumor models, we demonstrate that intratumoral CAS injection significantly inhibits primary growth lung metastasis. Flow cytometry analysis reveals treatment increases splenic populations CD3+CD8+ cytotoxic T cells, CD3+CD44+ memory NK while enhancing CD8+ cell infiltration tissue. ELISA results show elevated levels pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2) culture supernatants serum following administration. Immunofluorescence staining confirms increased expression CD8 IFN-γ proteins tissues CAS-treated mice. Results indicate exerts its through direct cytotoxicity by modulating both systemic local immune responses. The dual action CAS, which combines necrosis with immunostimulation, positions it as a promising therapeutic agent for cancer treatment. offers valuable insights into mechanisms underlying CAS's underscores potential clinical applications oncology.

Language: Английский

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Decoding multiple myeloma: single-cell insights into tumor heterogeneity, immune dynamics, and disease progression

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: May 8, 2025

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a biologically heterogeneous malignancy of clonal plasma cells, often progressing from MGUS or smoldering MM. It causes anemia, bone lesions, and immune dysfunction due to abnormal cell expansion in the marrow. Neuroinflammatory neurotrophic factors may influence MM progression by affecting cells marrow niche. Growing evidence points role for neuroimmune regulation tumor immunity. Despite therapeutic progress, disease heterogeneity resistance highlight need new strategies targeting microenvironment axis. This investigation exploited single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analyze high-risk multiple (SMMh) samples, identifying 11 distinct types. We examined their transcriptional signatures, stemness, proliferative properties, metabolic pathways, with particular attention interactions microenvironment. Using trajectory inference tools such as CytoTRACE, Monocle2, Slingshot, we traced differentiation paths subpopulations identified key signaling pathways that responses progression. The analysis four C0 IGLC3+ representing least differentiated most subset. These played critical contribute evasion mechanisms. Additionally, receptor-ligand within were identified, which be influenced neuroinflammatory factors. findings suggest nervous system modulation significantly affect biology, highlighting potential targets could overcome conventional therapies. provided insights into cellular diversity trajectories MM, offering deeper understanding complex drive resistance. By incorporating neuroinflammation modulation, our study suggested novel axis oncology, ultimately contributing development more effective, personalized treatment approaches

Language: Английский

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Single-cell atlas of endothelial cells in atherosclerosis: identifying C1 CXCL12+ ECs as key proliferative drivers for immunological precision therapeutics in atherosclerosis

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: May 12, 2025

Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by endothelial dysfunction, monocyte infiltration, smooth muscle proliferation, and extracellular matrix accumulation. Endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction plays pivotal role in the initiation progression of AS. Despite progress traditional research methods, complexity cellular heterogeneity within remains poorly understood, necessitating more refined approach for uncovering mechanisms. In this study, we employed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to map landscape AS comprehensively. By analyzing heterogeneity, differentiation trajectories, functional states, identified critical subpopulations their roles Functional enrichment analyses were conducted, findings validated through vitro experiments. The analysis revealed distinct EC with unique contributions progression. Among these, C1 CXCL12+ ECs emerged as key subpopulation associated differentiation, vascular remodeling, inflammation. These cells demonstrated high proliferative potential enriched pathways related migration repair. Through CCK-8, Transwell assay, EdU staining angiogenesis ability, found that knockdown FOXM1 resulted decreased invasion. Thus, it affects This study provides detailed atlas AS, identifying subpopulations, regulatory pathways, factors driving application technologies paves way advancing our understanding cardiovascular diseases offers significant developing personalized therapeutic strategies immunology precision medicine.

Language: Английский

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To Explore the Key Subgroup and Their Immune Microenvironment During the Formation of Coronary Plaque With scRNA‐seq

Cardiology Research and Practice, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 2025(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Background: The most important pathological basis of coronary heart disease is atheroma formation. If atheromatous plaque occurs and not treated promptly effectively, the will gradually grow, causing lumen arteries to narrow until it completely occluded, angina pectoris even myocardial infarction, but its cellular heterogeneity fully understood. Methods: We utilized various techniques including single‐cell RNA sequencing, CytoTRACE, monocle, slingshot, CellChat, SCENIC investigate significant subgroup NK cells in 15 specimens from individuals order understand their contributions development plaque. Results: analysis revealed that studying C1 RACK1+ was crucial for this paper. investigated effect on then analyzed explore expression pseudotime trajectories, cell interactions, transcription factors. Conclusion: Single‐cell sequencing could provide a deeper understanding factors have an impact plaque, improved microenvironment provided enlightenment treatment future, helped improve diagnosis design best strategy.

Language: Английский

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