A systematic review of artificial reefs as platforms for coral reef research and conservation

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 17(1), P. e0261964 - e0261964

Published: Jan. 21, 2022

Artificial reefs (ARs) have been used on coral for ecological research, conservation, and socio-cultural purposes since the 1980s. We examined spatio-temporal patterns in AR deployment tropical subtropical (up to 35° latitude) evaluated their efficacy meeting conservation objectives, using a systematic review of scientific literature. Most deployments (136 studies) were North Atlantic Central Indo-Pacific 1980s – 2000s, with pronounced shift Western 2010s. Use ARs reef restoration or stressor mitigation increased markedly response accelerating decline over last 2 decades. Studies that success objectives (n = 51) commonly reported increasing fish abundance (55%), enhancing habitat quantity (31%) cover (27%), conserving target species (24%). Other included (22%), provision nursery (14%) source populations (2%) addressing economic values (16%). Fish (55% (53%) most monitored taxa. Success achieving was 33 studies. rates highest (each 71%). Increasing quantity, mitigating environmental impacts, attaining moderately successful (60–64%); least (42%). Failure attributed poor design disruption by large-scale bleaching events. The scale generally too small (m –10s m ) address regional losses cover, study duration short (< 5 years) adequately assess ecologically relevant trends community composition. are mostly likely aid providing recruitment substrate corals other organisms. Promoting local also has potential global impact awareness decline, if prioritized properly monitored.

Language: Английский

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Coral restoration can drive rapid reef carbonate budget recovery

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(6), P. 1341 - 1348.e3

Published: March 1, 2024

Restoration is increasingly seen as a necessary tool to reverse ecological decline across terrestrial and marine ecosystems.1Gann G.D. McDonald T. Walder B. Aronson J. Nelson C.R. Jonson Hallett J.G. Eisenberg C. Guariguata M.R. Liu et al.International principles standards for the practice of restoration.Restor. Ecol. 2019; 27 (Second edition): S1-S46https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.13035Crossref Scopus (750) Google Scholar,2Duarte C.M. Agusti S. Barbier E. Britten G.L. Castilla J.C. Gattuso J.-P. Fulweiler R.W. Hughes T.P. Knowlton N. Lovelock C.E. al.Rebuilding life.Nature. 2020; 580: 39-51Crossref PubMed (490) Scholar Considering unprecedented loss coral cover associated reef ecosystem services, active restoration gaining traction in local management strategies has recently major increases scale. However, extent which may restore key functions poorly understood.3Boström-Einarsson L. Babcock R.C. Bayraktarov Ceccarelli D. Cook Ferse S.C.A. Hancock Harrison P. Hein M. Shaver al.Coral restoration–A systematic review current methods, successes, failures future directions.PLoS One. 15e0226631Crossref (278) Scholar,4Hein M.Y. Vardi E.C. Pioch Boström-Einarsson Ahmed Grimsditch G. McLeod I.M. Perspectives on use strategy support improve services.Front. Mar. Sci. 2021; 8: 299Crossref (34) Carbonate budgets, defined balance between calcium carbonate production erosion, influence reef's ability provide important geo-ecological including structural complexity, framework production, vertical accretion.5Perry C.T. Alvarez-Filip Changing reefs Anthropocene.Funct. 33: 976-988Crossref (115) Here we present first assessment budget trajectories at sites. The study was conducted one world's largest programs, transplants healthy fragments onto hexagonal metal frames consolidate degraded rubble fields.6Smith D.J. Mars F. Williams Van Oostrum Mcardle A. Rapi Jompa Janetski Indonesia: mars assisted system.in: Vaughan Active Coral Restoration: Techniques Planet. Ross Publishing), 2021: 463-482Google Within 4 years, fast growth supports rapid recovery (from 17% ± 2% 56% 4%), substrate rugosity 1.3 0.1 1.7 0.1) 7.2 1.6 20.7 2.2 kg m−2 yr−1). Four years after transplantation, net budgets have tripled are indistinguishable from control sites (19.1 3.1 18.7 yr−1, respectively). taxa-level contributions differ restored due preferential branching corals transplantation. While longer observation times observe any self-organization (natural recruitment, resilience thermal stress), demonstrate potential large-scale, well-managed projects recover within only years.

Language: Английский

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Restoration as a meaningful aid to ecological recovery of coral reefs

npj Ocean Sustainability, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 3(1)

Published: April 2, 2024

Restoration supports the recovery of ecological attributes such as cover, complexity, and diversity to slow areal decline natural ecosystems. activity is intensifying worldwide combat persistent stressors that are driving global declines extent resilience coral reefs. However, restoration disputed a meaningful aid reef recovery, often an expensive distraction addressing root causes loss. We contend this dispute partly stems from inferences drawn small-scale experimental outcomes amplified by misconceptions around cost-based reasoning. Alongside aggressive emissions reductions, we advocate urgent investment in ecosystem part management toolbox destruction reefs know them within decades.

Language: Английский

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Coral restoration and adaptation in Australia: The first five years

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 17(11), P. e0273325 - e0273325

Published: Nov. 30, 2022

While coral reefs in Australia have historically been a showcase of conventional management informed by research, recent declines cover triggered efforts to innovate and integrate intervention restoration actions into frameworks. Here we outline the multi-faceted approaches that developed since 2017, from newly implemented in-water programs, research enhance resilience investigations socio-economic perspectives on goals. We describe projects using gardening, substrate stabilisation, repositioning, macro-algae removal, larval-based techniques. Three areas focus are also presented illustrate breadth Australian restoration, (1) transdisciplinary Reef Restoration Adaptation Program (RRAP), one world’s largest development programs focused reefs, (2) interventions performance under climate change, (3) socio-cultural perspectives. Together, these reflect an increasing urgency for action confront reef crisis, develop new additional tools manage consequent increase funding opportunities appetite implementation. The rapid progress trialling deploying builds decades overseas experience, advances showing positive signs can be valuable tool improve at local scales (i.e., high early survival rates across variety methods species, strong community engagement with stakeholders). RRAP is creating help multiple scales, micro targeting small within specific site) large core ecosystem function social-economic values select sites Great Barrier Reef) resist, adapt recover impacts change. None aim single-handedly restore entirety Reef, nor do they negate importance urgent change mitigation action.

Language: Английский

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A roadmap to integrating resilience into the practice of coral reef restoration

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 28(16), P. 4751 - 4764

Published: April 22, 2022

Abstract Recent warm temperatures driven by climate change have caused mass coral bleaching and mortality across the world, prompting managers, policymakers, conservation practitioners to embrace restoration as a strategy sustain reefs. Despite proliferation of new reef efforts globally increasing scientific recognition research on interventions aimed at supporting resilience impacts, few programs are currently incorporating in project design. As will continue degrade reefs for decades come, guidance is needed support managers conduct that promotes through enhanced recovery, resistance, adaptation. Here, we address this critical implementation gap providing recommendations integrate principles into design practice, including planning design, selection, site broader ecosystem context. We also discuss future opportunities improve methods outcomes response change. one most vulnerable ecosystems change, enhance help ensure greater chance success warming world. They more likely provide essential contributions global targets protect natural biodiversity human communities rely

Language: Английский

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Coral reef restoration in Indonesia: A review of policies and projects

Marine Policy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 137, P. 104940 - 104940

Published: Jan. 3, 2022

Indonesia’s coral reefs have been severely damaged by global and local stressors, a range of active restoration techniques are now being used in attempts to rebuild degraded reefs. However, it is difficult summarise efforts as whole due lack consistent reporting. Here, we first discuss Indonesia's legal policy framework concerning reef restoration; this included the agenda two government ministries (Marine Affairs Fisheries, Environment Forestry), comprises national laws governmental, presidential ministerial regulations. We then provide an extensive review projects Indonesia, documenting 533 records across country between 1990 2020. Most (73%) these come from past ten years, many (42%) reported online news articles rather than scientific reports or papers. This identified 120,483 units artificial installed along with 53,640 transplantation (including both nurseries direct out-planting onto reefs); total, 965,992 fragments hard planted Indonesia. The most favoured materials concrete (46%) steel structures (24%). Projects organised diverse NGO, private community-led organisations. demonstrates that has encouraged practitioners implement restoration, but often not coordinated wider networks scientists, only 16% post-installation monitoring framework. Incorporating clear objectives long-term programmes project planning stages, while prioritising knowledge exchange engagement international community, will substantially improve outcomes allow fulfil its considerable potential leader rebuilding

Language: Английский

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Horizon scan of rapidly advancing coral restoration approaches for 21st century reef management

Emerging Topics in Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 6(1), P. 125 - 136

Published: Feb. 4, 2022

Coral reef restoration activity is accelerating worldwide in efforts to offset the rate of health declines. Many advances have already been made practices centred on coral biology (coral restoration), and particularly those that look employ high adaptive state capacity corals order ensure rebuilding biomass also equip reefs with enhanced resilience future stress. We horizon scan state-of-play for many innovations underway across complex life cycle spans both asexual sexual reproduction — assisted evolution (manipulations targeted host host-associated microbes), biobanking, as well scalable propagation planting how these are different stages maturity support new 21st century management frameworks. Realising potential tools aids undoubtedly rests validating approaches their application continues scale. Whilst ecosystem service responses increased scaling still largely remain be seen, has delivered immense understanding coral-associated microbial long lagged behind other sciences.

Language: Английский

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An integrative framework for sustainable coral reef restoration

One Earth, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(6), P. 666 - 681

Published: June 1, 2023

Language: Английский

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Including environmental and climatic considerations for sustainable coral reef restoration

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(3), P. e3002542 - e3002542

Published: March 19, 2024

Coral reefs provide ecosystem benefits to millions of people but are threatened by rapid environmental change and ever-increasing human pressures. Restoration is becoming a priority strategy for coral reef conservation, yet implementation remains challenging it increasingly apparent that indirect conservation restoration approaches will not ensure the long-term sustainability reefs. The important role conditions in practice currently undervalued, carrying substantial implications success. Giving paramount importance conditions, particularly during pre-restoration planning phase, has potential bring about considerable improvements innovation. This Essay argues risk may be reduced adopting an environmentally aware perspective gives historical, contemporary, future context decisions. Such approach open up new opportunities with improved have capacity dynamically respond trajectories.

Language: Английский

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A remote sensing model for coral recruitment habitat

Remote Sensing of Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 311, P. 114231 - 114231

Published: June 12, 2024

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