Borealization impacts shelf ecosystems across the Arctic DOI Creative Commons
Bérengère Husson, Bodil A. Bluhm, Frédéric Cyr

et al.

Frontiers in Environmental Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Oct. 24, 2024

Climate change is rapidly modifying biodiversity across the Arctic, driving a shift from Arctic to more boreal ecosystem characteristics. This phenomenon, known as borealization, mainly described for certain functional groups along sub-Arctic inflow shelves (Barents and Chukchi Seas). In this review, we evaluate spatial extent of such alterations well their effects on ecosystem-level processes risks. Along shelves, borealization driven by long-term strengthened increasingly warm waters south punctuated advection low sea ice extreme events. A growing body literature also points an emerging other shelf ecosystems, through “spillover” effect, local changes in environmental conditions enable movement or transport new species shelves. These modifications are leading groups, although many uncertainties remain regarding under-sampled microbes, technical challenges consistent, regular monitoring regions. There clear consensus that affecting phenology, composition, community traits, population structure essential habitats, interactions, resilience. Non-dynamic factors, depth photoperiod, thought limit complete system, may lead intermediate, “hybrid” ecosystems future. We expect current borders progress further northward ultimately reach equilibrium state with seasonal borealization. Risks system difficult estimate, adaptive capacities poorly understood. However, ice-associated clearly most at risk, some might find temporary refuge areas slower rate change. discuss likely character future highlight uncertainties. Those have implications communities potential support Blue Growth Arctic. Addressing these issues necessary assess full scale climate impacts human mitigation adaptation strategies.

Language: Английский

Slow growth and high longevity characterize the common, large Arctic brittle star, Ophiopleura borealis DOI Creative Commons
Hanna Dinevik, Andreas Altenburger, Bodil A. Bluhm

et al.

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: March 31, 2025

The longevity (lifespan) and growth rates of a given species provide the basis for estimating its contributions to secondary production energy flow in an ecosystem, guiding management decisions, determining recovery times after disturbances. For brittle stars, class echinoderms that dominate megabenthos various marine systems due their often large populations, including those on Arctic soft bottom shelves, information can be estimated through bands ossicles (arm bones). Here, we maximum life span, age distribution, rate common, endemic star, Ophiopleura borealis , from northern Barents Sea. We counted trawl-caught specimens using scanning electron microscope images innermost arm 80 spanning known size range. These counts were corrected overgrowth earliest bands, parameters common models. appeared as alternating layers dense less lines stereom ossicle fossae. band count was 39, which infer reflecting years. This estimate is higher than most other studied polar species. Most individuals sampled population spanned ages 25-32 constant k estimates 0.09 Single logistic model 0.01 specialized van Bertalanffy indicate slow growth. combined long lifespan stars suggest stocks found regions may take substantial time period establish recover potential

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Insights into the Genetic Connectivity and Climate-Driven Northward Range Expansion of Turbo sazae (Gastropoda: Turbinidae) Along the Eastern Coast of Korea DOI Creative Commons
Young-Ghan Cho, Kyungman Kwon, Hyun Soo Rho

et al.

Animals, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(9), P. 1321 - 1321

Published: May 2, 2025

Turbo sazae, a commercially and ecologically significant marine gastropod traditionally found in Jeju Island the southern coast of Korea, is experiencing reported northward expansion into East Sea, likely influenced by rising seawater temperatures. This study provides preliminary genetic insights structure connectivity T. sazae populations between Sea using mitochondrial COI sequences. Samples from 6 geographically distinct locations were analyzed, with three cloned replicates generated to enhance sequence reliability. Genetic diversity, haplotype distribution, population differentiation then assessed. Our analysis reveals potential populations, possibly driven larval dispersal via Kuroshio Tsushima Currents, highlighted predominance shared EJ1 (60.0% Jeju, 50.0% Sea). Bayesian phylogenetic estimated time most recent common ancestor (MRCA) at approximately 9.7 23.3 million years ago, indicating ancient divergence rather than very separation. Pairwise FST values AMOVA results showed generally low levels differentiation. Given small sample sizes use single marker, these findings should be interpreted cautiously as evidence. Nevertheless, this highlights need for continued monitoring under climate-driven range shifts foundation future research incorporating broader genomic approaches.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Borealization impacts shelf ecosystems across the Arctic DOI Creative Commons
Bérengère Husson, Bodil A. Bluhm, Frédéric Cyr

et al.

Frontiers in Environmental Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Oct. 24, 2024

Climate change is rapidly modifying biodiversity across the Arctic, driving a shift from Arctic to more boreal ecosystem characteristics. This phenomenon, known as borealization, mainly described for certain functional groups along sub-Arctic inflow shelves (Barents and Chukchi Seas). In this review, we evaluate spatial extent of such alterations well their effects on ecosystem-level processes risks. Along shelves, borealization driven by long-term strengthened increasingly warm waters south punctuated advection low sea ice extreme events. A growing body literature also points an emerging other shelf ecosystems, through “spillover” effect, local changes in environmental conditions enable movement or transport new species shelves. These modifications are leading groups, although many uncertainties remain regarding under-sampled microbes, technical challenges consistent, regular monitoring regions. There clear consensus that affecting phenology, composition, community traits, population structure essential habitats, interactions, resilience. Non-dynamic factors, depth photoperiod, thought limit complete system, may lead intermediate, “hybrid” ecosystems future. We expect current borders progress further northward ultimately reach equilibrium state with seasonal borealization. Risks system difficult estimate, adaptive capacities poorly understood. However, ice-associated clearly most at risk, some might find temporary refuge areas slower rate change. discuss likely character future highlight uncertainties. Those have implications communities potential support Blue Growth Arctic. Addressing these issues necessary assess full scale climate impacts human mitigation adaptation strategies.

Language: Английский

Citations

1