Population genomics reveals strong impacts of genetic drift without purging and guides conservation of bull and giant kelp DOI Creative Commons
Jordan B. Bemmels, Samuel Starko, Brooke L. Weigel

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 13, 2024

Summary Kelp forests are declining in many parts of the northeast Pacific 1–4 . In small populations, genetic drift can reduce adaptive variation and increase fixation recessive deleterious alleles 5–7 , but natural selection may purge harmful variants 8–10 To understand evolutionary dynamics inform restoration strategies, we investigated structure outcomes purging by sequencing genomes 429 bull kelp ( Nereocystis luetkeana ) 211 giant Macrocystis pyrifera sensu lato 11 ; cf. 12 from coastlines British Columbia Washington. We identified 6-7 geographically genetically distinct clusters each species. Low effective population size was associated with low diversity high inbreeding coefficients (including increased selfing rates), extreme these health indices among populations more moderate kelp. found no evidence that is putative either Instead, has fixed such kelp, leading us to predict (1) reduced within-population depression which be an observed shift toward rate, (2) hybrid vigour crosses between populations. Our genomic findings imply several strategies for optimal sourcing crossing aquaculture, require experimental validation. Overall, our work reveals strong suggests conservation should consider multiple risks faced whose dominated drift.

Language: Английский

Population genomics reveals strong impacts of genetic drift without purging and guides conservation of bull and giant kelp DOI
Jordan B. Bemmels, Samuel Starko, Brooke L. Weigel

et al.

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Canopy-forming kelp forests persist in the dynamic subregion of the Broughton Archipelago, British Columbia, Canada DOI Creative Commons
Man Li, Raquel Barbosa,

Luba Y. Reshitnyk

et al.

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: March 13, 2025

Canopy-forming kelp forests act as foundation species that provide a wide range of ecosystem services along temperate coastlines. With climate change, these ecosystems are experiencing changing environmental and biotic conditions; however, the distribution drivers change in British Columbia remain largely unexplored. This research aimed to use satellite imagery data investigate spatiotemporal persistence resilience dynamic subregion cool ocean temperatures high abundance Broughton Archipelago, Columbia. The specific objectives were identify: 1) long-term (1984 2023) short-term (2016 responses changes; 2) spatial patterns persistence. time series was divided into three periods: 1984 1998, 1999 2014, 2014 2023. first transition between periods represented shift cooler regional sea-surface negative Pacific Decadal Oscillation 1999. second warmer (with more marine heatwaves El Niño conditions) after 2014. In 2023), which covered site with Macrocystis pyrifera beds, area increased slightly start period For focused on eight sites Nereocystis luetkeana most either did not significantly or expanded area. suggests areas remained persistent across despite showing interannual variability. Thus, Archipelago may be refuge for kelps, likely due water below both species’ upper thermal limits. Spatially, bed level, center but subregion, had than , suggesting life history and/or other factors impacting beds differently. These findings demonstrate informing management forest by First Nations local communities.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
From archives to satellites: uncovering loss and resilience in the kelp forests of Haida Gwaii DOI Creative Commons
Lianna Gendall,

Margot Hessing‐Lewis,

Alena Wachmann

et al.

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: April 4, 2025

Coastal foundation species such as kelps, corals, and seagrasses play vital roles in supporting marine biodiversity ecosystem services globally, but are increasingly threatened by climate change. In particular, kelp forests highly dynamic ecosystems experiencing natural fluctuations across seasons cycles, e.g., El Niño Southern Oscillation, Pacific Decadal Oscillation. As change increases variability these cycles extreme events heatwaves become more frequent, long term data essential to understand deviations from the norm better estimate trends of This study uses a century-long dataset examine forest responses regional drivers Haida Gwaii, British Columbia, combining remote sensing 1973-2021 with snapshot distribution derived historical records 1867-1945. We reveal complex patterns change, losses resilience varying at different spatial scales. Kelp that had likely persisted for over century exhibited an overall declining trend 5 ± 2% per decade starting 1970s. Throughout time series area was driven multi-year impacts Nino sea surface temperature anomalies heatwaves, 1998 2014-2016 heatwave known ‘Blob’. warmest areas, completely disappeared during 1977 Oscillation shift. Cooler areas showed greater resilience, buffering loss region wide scale, highlighting importance local gradients understanding vulnerable Lastly, situ surveys lack urchin barrens, presence turf algae region, further hypothesis temperature, not herbivory, drove this region.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
A simple and effective protocol for cryopreservation of germplasm of the bull kelp, Nereocystis luetkeana (Phaeophyceae) DOI Creative Commons
Liam J. M. Coleman, Silven Read,

Amnit K. Sokhey

et al.

Journal of Phycology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 26, 2025

Abstract Kelps are large brown seaweeds that can form three‐dimensional underwater forests provide food and habitat for a wide diversity of marine organisms. They also wealth ecosystem services to humans may be able help combat climate change through blue carbon. However, kelps currently in decline many parts the world, most likely due rising ocean temperatures, conservation action is needed quickly preserve kelp biodiversity. One strategy needs further development biobanking, storage biological material. In particular, cryopreservation protocols would permit easier quantities germplasm under stable conditions. this paper, we compare effectiveness different cryoprotective agents—chemicals mitigate damaging effects freezing on living tissue—for use gametophyte tissue bull kelp, Nereocystis luetkeana . We observed when cryopreserved solution 10% ethylene glycol + 9% sorbitol, gametophytes both sexes showed excellent survivorship 6 weeks after removal from cryogenic Although still need researched, believe these methods have great potential improve expand encourage more species as well widespread adoption by existing biobanking efforts.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Population genomics reveals strong impacts of genetic drift without purging and guides conservation of bull and giant kelp DOI Creative Commons
Jordan B. Bemmels, Samuel Starko, Brooke L. Weigel

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 13, 2024

Summary Kelp forests are declining in many parts of the northeast Pacific 1–4 . In small populations, genetic drift can reduce adaptive variation and increase fixation recessive deleterious alleles 5–7 , but natural selection may purge harmful variants 8–10 To understand evolutionary dynamics inform restoration strategies, we investigated structure outcomes purging by sequencing genomes 429 bull kelp ( Nereocystis luetkeana ) 211 giant Macrocystis pyrifera sensu lato 11 ; cf. 12 from coastlines British Columbia Washington. We identified 6-7 geographically genetically distinct clusters each species. Low effective population size was associated with low diversity high inbreeding coefficients (including increased selfing rates), extreme these health indices among populations more moderate kelp. found no evidence that is putative either Instead, has fixed such kelp, leading us to predict (1) reduced within-population depression which be an observed shift toward rate, (2) hybrid vigour crosses between populations. Our genomic findings imply several strategies for optimal sourcing crossing aquaculture, require experimental validation. Overall, our work reveals strong suggests conservation should consider multiple risks faced whose dominated drift.

Language: Английский

Citations

0