From Outbreaks to Artificial Intelligence: A Comprehensive Review of Monkeypox Virus Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Treatment, Vaccination, and Deep Learning Applications DOI Creative Commons
Shahed Ahmadi, Mahdi Amirzadeh, Mousa Ahmadi

et al.

Journal of Tropical Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2024(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Objectives: After the global impact of COVID‐19 pandemic, concerns over virus transmission have risen. A state health emergency was declared in 2022 due to Clade 2 monkeypox (MPOX) virus. In August 2024, another by World Health Organization (WHO) because widespread 1b, which caused a more severe and lethal disease. This review synthesizes current MPOX knowledge assist policymakers, clinicians, researchers developing effective diagnostics, therapeutic interventions, vaccination strategies, outbreak management. Methods: systematic study searched for articles on epidemiology, virology, clinical features, routes, available drugs vaccines, new artificial intelligence (AI) applications diagnosis drug discovery. Results: is 200–250‐nm, double‐stranded DNA (ds‐DNA) that causes smallpox‐like skin lesions. Tecovirimat primary cases, especially people with suppressed immune systems. Smallpox vaccines can help prevent infection genetic similarities between smallpox viruses. AI‐based models medical teams promptly diagnosing lesions, improving decision‐making treatment. Conclusion: highlights importance using traditional public alongside modern AI manage outbreaks effectively. It shows we need strong policies, focused ongoing research how control infectious diseases.

Language: Английский

The First Observational Study on Clade Ib Mpox Transmission and Disease Severity in South Kivu DOI

Leandre Murhula,

Pacifique Ndishimye, Jean Claude Udahemuka

et al.

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Background: Mpox is a re-emerging zoonotic disease in Africa, with increasing cases attributed to the newly identified Clade Ib variant. This outbreak started South Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo and has important unknowns around transmission characteristics.

Language: Английский

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Mpox virus (MPXV): comprehensive analysis of pandemic risks, pathophysiology, treatments, and mRNA vaccine development DOI
Sajjad Eslamkhah, Elif Sibel Aslan, Cüneyd Yavaş

et al.

Naunyn-Schmiedeberg s Archives of Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

Language: Английский

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Monkeypox: a re-emergent virus with global health implications – a comprehensive review DOI Creative Commons
Nourhan G. Naga,

Enas A. Nawar,

A’laa A. Mobarak

et al.

Tropical Diseases Travel Medicine and Vaccines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Jan. 14, 2025

Abstract Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is an enclosed, double-stranded DNA from the Orthopoxvirus genus, which also contains variola, vaccinia, and cowpox. MPXV, was once confined to West Central Africa, has recently had a rebound, spreading beyond its original range since 2017. The distinguished by unique morphology, includes oval or brick-shaped structure complex lipid protein makeup. current multi-country outbreak designated public health emergency in 2022, highlighted MPXV’s shifting epidemiology ability spread rapidly over globe. ‘No one safe until everyone safe’ slogan we often heard during COVID-19 pandemic, now required for growing global regional mpox outbreaks. epidemic divided into two clades: Clade I II, have distinct pathogenic characteristics. Diagnostic approaches developed with advances molecular techniques, yet problems persist resource-constrained situations. This overview summarizes virus’s history, epidemiology, clinical characteristics, offering insights recent comeback response efforts.

Language: Английский

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Discovery of a heparan sulfate binding domain in monkeypox virus H3 as an anti-poxviral drug target combining AI and MD simulations DOI Creative Commons
Bin Zheng, Meimei Duan,

Yifen Huang

et al.

eLife, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Jan. 16, 2025

Viral adhesion to host cells is a critical step in infection for many viruses, including monkeypox virus (MPXV). In MPXV, the H3 protein mediates viral through its interaction with heparan sulfate (HS), yet structural details of this have remained elusive. Using AI-based prediction tools and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we identified novel, positively charged α-helical domain that essential HS binding. This conserved domain, found across orthopoxviruses , was experimentally validated shown be adhesion, making it an ideal target antiviral drug development. Targeting designed inhibitor, which disrupted H3-HS interaction, inhibited vitro replication vivo, offering promising candidate. Our findings reveal novel therapeutic demonstrating potential combination AI-driven methods MD simulations accelerate discovery.

Language: Английский

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Immunobiology of MPox Infection and Its Management: Experience From Developing Nations DOI
Om Saswat Sahoo,

Daina Sapam,

Swati Ajmeria

et al.

Reviews in Medical Virology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 35(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Purpose As humanity grapples with the COVID‐19 pandemic caused by novel SARS‐CoV‐2 virus, rising threats of MPox virus (MPXV) in 2022 and 2024 have shown signs global transmission potential to spark another pandemic. Though MPXV has been present for over 5 decades, cases traditionally confined endemic regions West Central Africa, recent outbreaks occurred multiple non‐endemic regions, declaring itself as a Public Health Emergency International Concern. This study aims examine patterns transmission, its zoonotic potential, associated complications, viable strategies control spread. Methods The examines outbreak data, case reports, literature on emphasising pathways healthcare‐associated cases. A bibliometric analysis also performed deepen understanding identify emerging research trends. Results findings suggest that while certain indicate an increased risk countries, raising concerns about Data reveals much within healthcare settings. Additionally, remains limited requires further exploration from various perspectives, need prompt intervention. Conclusion Containing MPXV's spread is essential prevent Effective management strategies, including enhanced surveillance, public health interventions, targeted education at‐risk communities, are critical mitigate impact globally. advocates proactive approach avoid escalation into widespread crisis.

Language: Английский

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Short-term evolution of Mpox-specific IgG and neutralizing antibodies among individuals undergoing MVA-BN vaccination DOI Creative Commons
Wang-Da Liu, Tai‐Ling Chao, Kai‐Hsiang Chen

et al.

International Journal of Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 107830 - 107830

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

The data on immune responses of individuals undergoing MVA-BN vaccination are scarce. We aimed to compare Mpox virus-specific antibody and neutralizing among people with without HIV receiving vaccines. This prospective study enrolled participants two-dose investigate seroresponses after vaccination. Blood samples were collected before each dose for determinations anti-A29 anti-H3 IgG. Neutralization tests conducted tested positive both Overall, 441 enrolled. Seroconversion IgG, respectively, the second was 18.2% 61.2%, 10.9% 65.0%, 51.6% 90.6% PWH, PWoH, those who had smallpox previously, respectively. About 20% seroconversion lost a 7-month period observation. None serum from vaccinated demonstrated ability. Participants previous higher more sustained two doses vaccines than not undergone More studies warranted assess booster vaccine non-responders or having seroresponses.

Language: Английский

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The world faces a new viral threat: monkeypox DOI Open Access

Archana Reddy Bongurala,

Sandhya J. Kadam,

Vy H. Nguyen

et al.

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 10, 2025

Monkeypox, a zoonotic viral disease, has re-emerged globally, presenting significant public health challenge. Initially affecting primarily men who have sex with men, the virus demonstrated broader transmission patterns, raising concerns about its potential to become endemic. The recent outbreak highlighted rapid spread of Monkeypox through close contact, particularly during sexual activity. This shift in dynamics necessitates robust global response, including surveillance systems, contact tracing, and vaccination campaigns. Understanding virus's epidemiology, clinical manifestations, routes is crucial for effective prevention control. While supportive care remains primary treatment, antiviral medications vaccines offer additional tools mitigate impact outbreaks. Continued vigilance timely interventions are essential prevent further protect health.

Language: Английский

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Mapping Global Scientific Production on Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Monkeypox: A Scientometric Study DOI Creative Commons
Frank Mayta‐Tovalino, Carlos Quispe‐Vicuña, César Mauricio-Vilchez

et al.

Health Science Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 8(3)

Published: March 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Background and Aim HIV attacks the immune system, leading to AIDS if untreated. Mpox, a zoonotic disease like smallpox, is less severe but poses higher risks for immuno‐compromised individuals, especially those with HIV. Effective prevention treatment are crucial. This study aims assess global academic output on Monkeypox (MPVX) during 2018–2023. Methods descriptive, bibliometric reviewed published literature “monkeypox” “HIV” period The search was conducted February 11, 2024, using systematic formula. We identified 366 potential articles, including various types of papers. When exporting metadata SciVal 2018–2023, 8 could not be exported. remaining data were analyzed Bibliometrix in R Studio, providing an overview research productivity, collaborations, citation impact. Results During papers 183 different sources, annual growth rate 208.18%. These had average 14.78 citations per paper. An additional 2522 keywords 638 author identified. “ Journal Medical Virology ” led 20 papers, followed by Lancet Infectious Diseases 11 Institut national de la santé et recherche médicale France output. specific dealing “HIV.” Conclusion Research has grown significantly studied, remarkable international collaboration. findings underscore importance impact research.

Language: Английский

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MONKEYPOX: EPIDEMIOLOGIA E DIAGNÓSTICO - UM ARTIGO DE REVISÃO DOI Creative Commons

Nichollas Botelho da Fonseca,

Milena Figueiredo de Medeiros,

Luiz Eduardo Vanderlei Torres

et al.

Revista Contemporânea, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 5(3), P. e7658 - e7658

Published: March 11, 2025

A Monkeypox (MPOX) é uma doença zoonótica rara causada por um vírus de DNA cadeia dupla pertencente ao gênero Orthopoxvirus da família Poxviridae, inicialmente identificado em 1958 roedores e primatas. Essa pesquisa tem como objetivo a análise do impacto surto global MPOX, discutindo os aspectos clínicos, epidemiológicos, diagnósticos preventivos doença, assim as estratégias controle adotadas. metodologia empregada foi revisão integrativa literatura científica, analisando artigos publicados entre 2020-2024, coletados na base dados MEDLINE, via PubMed. Foi utilizada busca estruturada com descritores específicos critérios inclusão criteriosos para selecionar 10 relevância. Os resultados sugerem que o possui alta taxa transmissão interpessoal mediante contato físico próximo, inclusive durante relações sexuais, porém sem restrição quanto sexualidade. Tais características fizeram ser declarada emergência saúde pública pela Organização Mundial Saúde (OMS), 2022. O monkeypox capaz adentrar pelo corpo humano variadas vias, sendo tecido linfóide alvo primário seu período incubação 3 17 dias. Sua sintomatologia frequentemente marcada febre, linfadenopatia lesões cutâneas, pode haver evolução formas graves encefalite. conclusão artigo destaca MPOX apresenta desafios significativos no diagnóstico, prevenção, haja vista grande disseminação vírus. Nesse sentido, gestão exige abordagem multidisciplinar, melhora vigilância epidemiológica colaboração internacional âmbito pública.

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La curcumina y sus derivados como posibles candidatos antivirales contra la viruela del mono (mpox): una revisión de estudios computacionales DOI Creative Commons
Fiki Muhammad Ridho,

Anisa Dias Nur’aini,

Hamnah Al Atsariyah

et al.

Ars Pharmaceutica (Internet), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 66(2), P. 225 - 232

Published: March 19, 2025

Introduction: Monkeypox (mpox) is an infectious disease caused by the mpox virus that of global health concern because outbreak, as May 2023, has affected more than 80,000 people in hundreds countries. Currently, there no specific treatment, including antivirals, for patients. Exploration active compounds continues, one which curcumin and its derivatives. Curcumin a polyphenol compound predominantly found turmeric been documented to have antiviral effects. Therefore, this study aims explore studies investigating potential derivatives candidates targeting mpox. Method: Literature published from inception 2024 ScienceDirect, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar was searched. Keywords used search included curcuma, curcumin, tetrahydrocurcumin, demethoxycurcumin, bisdemethoxycurcumin, turmeric, monkeypox, Results: The literature results five computational involving derivatives, tetrahydroxycurcumin demethoxycurcumin. All showed better binding affinity with proteins compared control several antivirals. strong inhibiting replication modulating immune system. Conclusions: This review concludes However, related remain limited confined studies. Further preclinical experimental clinical are needed confirm their effectiveness mechanisms action.

Language: Английский

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