Harness the functions of gut microbiome in tumorigenesis for cancer treatment

Cancer Communications, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 41(10), P. 937 - 967

Published: Aug. 6, 2021

It has been shown that gut microbiota dysbiosis leads to physiological changes and links a number of diseases, including cancers. Thus, many cancer categories treatment regimens should be investigated in the context microbiome. Owing availability metagenome sequencing multiomics studies, analyses species characterization, host genetic changes, metabolic profile have become feasible, which facilitated an exponential knowledge gain about composition, taxonomic alterations, interactions during tumorigenesis. However, complexity microbiota, with plethora uncharacterized host-microbe, microbe-microbe, environmental interactions, still contributes challenge advancing our microbiota-cancer interactions. These manifest signaling relay, metabolism, immunity, tumor development, instability, sensitivity chemotherapy immunotherapy. This review summarizes current studies/molecular mechanisms regarding association between development cancers, provides insights into therapeutic strategies could harnessed for diagnosis, treatment, or prevention.

Language: Английский

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Mycobiome Study Reveals Different Pathogens of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis Shape Characteristic Vaginal Bacteriome

Microbiology Spectrum, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(3)

Published: March 30, 2023

Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) can alter the vaginal microbiome composition and structure, this may be correlated with its variable treatment efficacy. Integrated analysis of mycobiome bacteriome in VVC could facilitate accurate diagnosis infected patients further decipher characterized different types VVC. Our determined two common VVC, which were clustered into community state (CSTs) featured by Candida glabrata (CST I) albicans II). Subsequently, we compared CSTs other reproductive tract infections (RTIs), bacterial vaginosis (BV) Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) infection. The was between healthy RTIs (BV UU) status, it bore greatest resemblance to that subjects. While BV UU have unique microbiota very women. Compared CST II, I Prevotella, a key signature BV. In comparison, II Ureaplasma, pathogen UU. findings our study highlight need for co-analysis simultaneous consideration solve clinical problems, such as unsatisfactory cure rates recurrent symptoms. IMPORTANCE Fungi headed C. play critical role but are not sufficient occurrence, indicating involvement factors, bacteriome. We found correspond underlie alteration microorganism environment patients. believe correlation should ignored, related outcomes high recurrence rate Here, provided evidence associations patterns fungal Screening specific biomarkers three paves theoretical basis development personalized precision treatment.

Language: Английский

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Emerging Trends and Potential Prospects in Vaginal Drug Delivery

Current Drug Delivery, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 20(6), P. 730 - 751

Published: April 15, 2022

The vagina is an essential part of the female reproductive system and offers many potential benefits over conventional drug delivery, including a large surface area for absorption, relatively low enzymatic activity, avoiding first-pass effects, ease administration. vaginal mucosal cavity effective route administering therapeutic agents that are intended both local systemic present review provides comprehensive overview recent trends developments in delivery. Marketed formulations products under clinical study also reviewed. Various novel delivery systems have been studied years as tools delivering range to vagina. These offer numerous benefits, sustained improved bioavailability, permeation, higher efficacy. focus scientific community on development safe efficient systems, such nanoparticles, microparticles, vesicular rings, microneedles, etc., application. factors, physicochemical properties drugs, volume composition fluid, pH thickness epithelium, influence sexual intercourse may release drugs from subsequent absorption route. To date, only limited number vivo studies DDS reported. Additionally, kinetics varying environments not well understood. More research needed ensure suitability, biocompatibility, effectiveness Although strategies interventions developed, translation these remains challenge. toxicity carrier important consideration future applications.

Language: Английский

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Resistant C. albicans implicated in recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC) among women in a tertiary healthcare facility in Kumasi, Ghana

BMC Women s Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: July 19, 2024

Abstract Background Vulvovaginal candidiasis is a common fungal infection that affects the female lower genital tract. This study determined major risk factors associated with vulvovaginal (VVI) in Ashanti region of Ghana and also antifungal resistance patterns Candida albicans isolates to some antifungals. Methods Three hundred fifty (350) high vaginal swab (HVS) samples were collected from women who presented signs symptoms VVI. A structured questionnaire was administered one seventy-two (172) women. HVS cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar 2% chloramphenicol. The polymerase chain reaction employed confirm C. . Antifungal susceptibility testing performed fluconazole, clotrimazole, amphotericin B, nystatin, miconazole 5-flurocytosine assessed. Results Vaginal most prevalent amongst females their reproductive age (21 30 years; 63.0%). found significant association between infections such as sexual practices ( p < 0.001), antibiotic misuse 0.05), poor personal hygiene 0.005) birth control methods 0.049). Out 350 collected, 112 yielded yeast cells 65 (58%) identified resistant 5’ flucytosine (100%), fluconazole (70%), voriconazole (69.2%), (58.5%) nystatin (49.2%). more susceptible B (53.8%) clotrimazole (45.1%), although an appreciable number showed (46.1% 52.3%, respectively). Conclusion There should be nationwide education all Also, use various agents proceed after ensure efficacious these agents.

Language: Английский

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Research progress on the interaction between intestinal flora and microrna in pelvic inflammatory diseases

Non-coding RNA Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a common infectious of the female upper reproductive tract, and its pathological basis immune response. The imbalance gut microflora (GM) may lead to development process. A large number studies have shown that fecal microbiota transplantation, probiotics, bacteria, prebiotics, dietary intervention play potential role in remodeling GM treating diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved cell development, proliferation, apoptosis other physiological processes. In addition, they an important process, participating regulation proinflammatory anti-inflammatory pathways. Differences miRNA profiles be PID diagnostic tools serve as prognostic markers disease. relationship between has not been fully elucidated. Recent induction dysbiosis. turn, can regulate expression improve status body. Therefore, this review aims describe interaction PID, find precise targeted therapy for PID.

Language: Английский

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The association between preoperative vaginal dysbiosis and endometrial polyp recurrence after hysteroscopic polypectomy: A retrospective-prospective cohort study

European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 307, P. 148 - 153

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

Language: Английский

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Efficacy and safety of vaginal suppositories containing combination of Natamycin and Lactulose in treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis: international, randomized, controlled, superiority clinical trial (combination of Natamycin and Lactulose for treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis)

BMC Women s Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Feb. 20, 2025

The study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of Natamycin + Lactulose vaginal suppositories (100 mg natamycin 300 lactulose) (AVVA RUS JSC, Russia) in adult females with vulvovaginal candidiasis. An international, randomized, controlled, assessor-blinded clinical trial enrolled 218 randomly distributed into three groups: (92 patients), (36 Pimafucin® (90 patients). drug comparator drugs had an identical dosing regimen (one suppository intravaginally once a day at bedtime for six days). involved four visits site examination Visits 2 3. fixed-dose combination was superior both terms primary endpoint defined as percentage patients achieving recovery: absence symptoms At Visit 2, recovery reported 81.6% group compared 42.9% 62.3% Pimafucin groups, respectively. difference proportions 38.8% 18.4%. In group, microscopic observed 75.9% 90.8% 45.7% 74.3% subjects responded positively 71.3% 88.5% 3, respectively, while no differences were between groups visits. number lactobacilli significantly higher group. low baseline content lactobacilli, under investigation increased reference values 15.4% 20.9% 100 demonstrated 1) 2) NCT06411314, retrospectively registered on May, 13th, 2024.

Language: Английский

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Association of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus with Multi Drug Resistant Vaginal Infections among Pregnant Women

Indus journal of bioscience research., Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 3(2), P. 245 - 252

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

Background: Vaginal infections caused by various pathogenic microorganisms, along with the emergence of antibiotic resistance, pose significant medical challenges. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a critical factor that can delay recovery from and lead to complications. Methodology: This study was conducted as cross-sectional analysis involving pregnant women. A total 120 vaginal swabs were collected participants analyzed identify microorganisms present assess their susceptibility. The subjects categorized into two groups based on diabetic status: those GDM without. Various biochemical tests, culturing methods, sensitivity patterns performed high swab isolates. Results: revealed 56% women studied aged between 23 37 years, 67% in third trimester. Among identified, Candida species accounted for 51%, while gram-positive bacteria comprised 24.3% gram-negative 25.19%. Within category, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) most prevalent at 30.25%, followed Enterococcus faecalis 15% Streptococcus 3.11%. For bacteria, Klebsiella pneumoniae found 44.4% cases, E. coli 31.3%, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 14.1%, stutzeri 6.05%, Acinetobacter baumannii 3.02%. Susceptibility testing indicated primarily sensitive Linezolid but resistant azithromycin, vancomycin cotrimoxazole effective against MRSA, cloxacillin showing resistance. Vancomycin also treatment faecalis, whereas azithromycin exhibited resistance levels. Gentamicin coli, Rofloxacin showed highest resistance; Imipenem P. aeruginosa, Amikacin association multidrug-resistant (MDR) GDM. Conclusion: concluded there no MDR gestational among

Language: Английский

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Vaginal infections in pregnant women: diagnosis, new paradigms of therapy. A prospective study

GYNECOLOGY, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 27(1), P. 4 - 11

Published: March 1, 2025

Background. Vaginal infection complicates the course of pregnancy and adversely affects perinatal outcomes for mother fetus. With global increase in microorganism resistance to antimicrobial drugs, treatment vaginitis pregnant women is not always effective, leading recurrent pathology. Therefore, seeking new therapeutic solutions a pressing task. Aim. To evaluate effectiveness form benzyl-dimethyl [3-(myristoylamino) propyl] ammonium chloride monohydrate (Miramistin® suppositories) women. Materials methods. A prospective study included 60 with confirmed diagnosis nonspecific vaginitis. All patients received therapy Miramistin® suppositories vaginally once day 7 days. Clinical dynamics microbiological characteristics vaginal biotope were assessed. Results. Disappearance or significant reduction clinical symptoms was noted 96.7% within two days from start treatment. The duration relapse-free period more than 4 weeks. No adverse drug reactions observed. There high satisfaction results among both physicians patients. Conclusion. Treating using an effective method controlling infection.

Language: Английский

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All Properties of Infertility Microbiome in a Review Article

Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 9, 2025

The microbiome is crucial for many physiological processes, including immunity, metabolism, and reproduction. This review aims to contribute a detailed understanding of the genital tract, which can lead better management dysbiosis reproductive disorders. Data from four international information databases Medline, Scopus, Embase, Google Scholar. search strategy was based on combination following terms: "microbiota," "microbiome," "microfilm," "microflora," "fertility," or "infertility." advent next-generation sequencing-based technologies during last decade has revealed presence microbial communities in nearly every part human body, system. Several studies have shown significant differences between microbiota vagina endometrium, as well other parts upper tract. plays critical role determining person's health state, tract may impact fertility potential before after assisted treatments (ARTs). To completely understand microbiome, future research should focus not only description but also interaction bacteria, production biofilms, microorganisms with cells.

Language: Английский

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