Gut microbiota, inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer

World Journal of Gastroenterology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 28(30), P. 4053 - 4060

Published: Aug. 9, 2022

The gut microbiota is a complex community of microorganisms that inhabit the digestive tracts humans, living in symbiosis with host. Dysbiosis, characterized by an imbalance between beneficial and opportunistic microbiota, associated several gastrointestinal disorders, such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS); inflammatory disease (IBD), represented ulcerative colitis Crohn's disease; colorectal cancer (CRC). Dysbiosis can disrupt mucosal barrier, resulting perpetuation inflammation carcinogenesis. increase some specific groups harmful bacteria, Escherichia coli (E. coli) enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF), has been chronic tissue release pro-inflammatory carcinogenic mediators, increasing chance developing CRC, following inflammation-dysplasia-cancer sequence IBD patients. Therefore, aim present review was to analyze correlation changes development maintenance IBD, IBD-associated CRC. Patients CRC have shown reduced bacterial diversity abundance compared healthy individuals, enrichment Firmicute sand Bacteroidetes. Specific bacteria are also onset progression Fusobacterium nucleatum, E. coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus gallolyticus, ETBF. Future research evaluate advantages modulating preventive measures high-risk patients, directly affecting prognosis quality life

Language: Английский

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Oncomicrobial Community Profiling Identifies Clinicomolecular and Prognostic Subtypes of Colorectal Cancer

Gastroenterology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 165(1), P. 104 - 120

Published: March 16, 2023

Language: Английский

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Broadening oncological boundaries: the intratumoral microbiota

Trends in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 32(8), P. 807 - 822

Published: Feb. 3, 2024

The microbiota of solid tumors was identified >100 years ago; however, heterogeneous composition and diversity have been revealed only recently. Growing evidence has suggested that several functional mechanisms the intratumoral affect tumorigenesis progression, suggesting is a promising biomarker for multiple cancers. low biomass poses major challenge to related research, thus necessitating use multiple-modality integrated framework resolve this dilemma. Advanced techniques such as single-cell sequencing provide significant clues, gradual optimization experiments culture-based methods enables deeper investigation underlying involved. In review, we outline current state research on describe challenges comprehensive strategies future research.

Language: Английский

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Enrichment of Prevotella intermedia in human colorectal cancer and its additive effects with Fusobacterium nucleatum on the malignant transformation of colorectal adenomas

Journal of Biomedical Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 29(1)

Published: Oct. 27, 2022

Abstract Background Owing to the heterogeneity of microbiota among individuals and populations, only Fusobacterium nucleatum Bacteroides fragilis have been reported be enriched in colorectal cancer (CRC) multiple studies. Thus, discovery additional bacteria contributing CRC development various populations can expected. We aimed identify associated with progression adenoma carcinoma determine contribution these malignant transformation patients Han Chinese origin. Methods Microbiota composition was determined through 16S rRNA V3–V4 amplicon sequencing autologous adenocarcinomas, adenomatous polyps, non-neoplastic colon tissue samples (referred as “tri-part samples”) CRC. Enriched taxa adenocarcinoma tissues were identified pairwise comparison. The abundance candidate quantified genomic quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) from 116 patients. Associations clinicopathological features genetic alterations evaluated odds ratio tests. Additionally, effects on cell proliferation, migration, invasion co-culture cells bacterial or conditioned media bacteria. Results Prevotella intermedia overrepresented adenocarcinomas compared paired polyps. Furthermore, co-abundance P. F. observed tumor tissues. More notably, coexistence two lymph node involvement distant metastasis. These also exerted additive enhancement migration abilities cells. Finally, promoted Conclusion This report is first demonstrate that enhances Moreover, exert adenomas into carcinomas. findings used at a high risk metastasis CRC, they accordingly provided optimal clinical management.

Language: Английский

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Decoding the Tumor-Associated Microbiota: From Origins to Nanomedicine Applications in Cancer Therapy

Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 243 - 243

Published: Feb. 27, 2025

Growing evidence reveals that the tumor microbiome—comprising distinct microbial communities within neoplastic tissues—exerts a profound influence on cancer initiation, progression, and therapeutic response. These microbes actively reshape microenvironment (TME) through metabolite secretion, modulation of immune pathways, direct interactions with host cells, thereby affecting biology outcomes. Despite substantial heterogeneity among types, recent insights underscore microbiome’s potential as both diagnostic/prognostic biomarker targetable component for innovative treatments. In this review, we synthesize emerging knowledge mechanistic roles tumor-associated microbiota in shaping TME, focus how these discoveries can guide novel strategies. We further explore interdisciplinary advances, including convergence microbiomics nanotechnology, to enhance drug delivery, circumvent resistance, foster TME remodeling. By highlighting cutting-edge developments, our review underscores transformative integrating microbiome research into precision oncology advancing more personalized therapies.

Language: Английский

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The effect of the intratumoral microbiome on tumor occurrence, progression, prognosis and treatment

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Nov. 18, 2022

In the past few decades, great progress has been achieved in understanding of microbiome-cancer interactions. However, most studies have focused on gut microbiome, ignoring how other microbiomes interact with tumors. Emerging evidence suggests that many types cancers, such as lung cancer, pancreatic and colorectal intratumoral microbiome plays a significant role. addition, accumulating microbes multiple effects biological behavior tumors, for example, regulating tumor initiation progression altering response to chemotherapy immunotherapy. fully understand role further investigation mechanisms is still needed. This review discusses bacteria tumorigenesis progression, recurrence metastasis, well their effect cancer prognosis treatment outcome, summarizes relevant mechanisms.

Language: Английский

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The microbiome types of colorectal tissue are potentially associated with the prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: March 21, 2023

As the second leading cause of cancer worldwide, colorectal (CRC) is associated with a poor prognosis. Although recent studies have explored prognostic markers in patients CRC, whether tissue microbes carry information remains unknown. Here, by assessing 533 CRC patients, we found that Proteobacteria (43.5%), Firmicutes (25.3%), and Actinobacteria (23.0%) dominated microbiota, which was different from gut microbiota. Moreover, two clear clusters were obtained clustering based on across all samples. By comparison, relative abundances Bacteroidetes cluster 1 significantly higher than those 2; while compared 1, more abundant 2. In addition, Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratios lower Further, 2, had relatively survival (Log-rank test, p = 0.0067). correlating patient survival, abundance dominant phyla, including Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, patients. Besides, co-occurrence network at phylum level 2 complicated 1. Lastly, detected some pathogenic bacteria enriched promote development thus to survival. contrast, showed significant increases probiotics genera resist development. Altogether, this study provides first evidence microbiome carries can help design approaches for clinically evaluating

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiome: New biomarkers in early screening of colorectal cancer

Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 36(5)

Published: March 21, 2022

Certain "star intestinal bacteria" have been found to act as a contributor the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). Besides, given that gut microbiome can be detected in diverse range samples (stool, tissue, blood, etc), it is categorized into fecal microbiome, blood and tissue microbiome.To provide an overview recent research progress, this review summarizes characteristics different at each stage CRC their screening efficiency.The models constructed from sample microbiomes (healthy/colorectal adenoma, healthy/CRC, adenoma/CRC) both strengths constraints terms biomarker reproducibility area under receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) models. Many bacteria, such Bifidobacteria, Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. n), Geotrichum candidum, Porphyromonas asaccharolytica, Escherichia coli, Rhodococcus, Anaerostipes caccae, Enhydrobacter, Lachnoclostridiumsp. m3, Bacteroides clarus, Clostridium hathewayi, Ruminococcaceae, thetaiotaomicron, Culinariside, enterotoxigenic fragilis (ETBF), show favorable diagnostic efficacy early cancer.This highlights stool, bowel fluid are main sources for biomarkers, with its own advantages limitations. Moreover, other extracellular vesicles biofilms also should deserved further attention.

Language: Английский

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Novel Insights Into the Interactions Between the Gut Microbiome, Inflammasomes, and Gasdermins During Colorectal Cancer

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Jan. 17, 2022

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent and deadly forms in Western countries. Inflammation a well-known driver colonic carcinogenesis; however, its role CRC extends beyond colitis-associated cancer. Over last decades, numerous associations between intestinal dysbiosis have been identified, with more recent studies providing mechanistic evidence causative relationship. Nonetheless, much remains to be discovered regarding precise implications microbiome alterations pathogenesis CRC. Research confirms importance bidirectional crosstalk gut mucosal immune system which inflammasomes, multiprotein complexes that can sense "danger signals," serve as conduits by detecting microbial signals activating innate responses, including induction microbicidal activities alter composition. Current strongly supports an active for this "inflammasome-microbiome axis" initiation development Furthermore, gasdermin (GSDM) family proteins, are downstream effectors inflammasome primarily known their pyroptosis, recently linked pathogenesis. These findings, do not come without controversy, pyroptosis reported exert both anti- protumorigenic functions. multi-faceted interactions GSDMs microbiome, well CRC, only superficially investigated. In review, we summarize existing literature supporting inflammasome-microbiota axis, activation function GSDMs, gain better understanding

Language: Английский

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Navigating beyond associations: Opportunities to establish causal relationships between the gut microbiome and colorectal carcinogenesis

Cell Host & Microbe, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 32(8), P. 1235 - 1247

Published: Aug. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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