An Overview of Sarcopenia: Focusing on Nutritional Treatment Approaches

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(7), P. 1237 - 1237

Published: April 1, 2025

Sarcopenia is a syndrome characterized by the progressive and generalized loss of skeletal muscle mass strength. This condition associated with physical disability, decreased quality life, increased mortality. Therefore, reducing prevalence sarcopenia could significantly lower healthcare costs. can be classified into primary secondary sarcopenia. The former related to aging begins after fourth decade life; that, there around 8% per until age 70 years, which subsequently increases 15% decade. On other hand, affect all individuals may result from various factors including inactivity, malnutrition, endocrine disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, inflammation, cachexia. Understanding multiple mechanisms involved in onset progression allows for us develop strategies that prevent, treat, or at least mitigate caused protein breakdown. One potential treatment based on nutritional interventions, adequate caloric intake specific nutrients support health. Such include natural food rich whey omega-3 fatty acids as well supplements like branched-chain amino acids, β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate, vitamin D along special medical purposes. It important emphasize exercises, especially resistance training, not only promote synthesis their own but also work synergistically enhance effectiveness.

Language: Английский

Mechanisms of microbial-gut-brain axis modulation by electroconvulsive therapy in the treatment of depression

Anesthesiology and Perioperative Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 3(2)

Published: May 7, 2025

Abstract Purpose The present study aims to evaluate the effects of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) on depressive behaviors. In addition, we explore mechanisms by which ECT alters composition and functioning gut microbiota through microbiota-gut-brain axis. Methods A depression model in mice was established using chronic unpredictable mild stress. were divided into three groups: control, depression, ECT-treated. Depressive behaviors assessed a series behavioral tests, including monitoring body weight, open field sucrose preference forced swim tests. Histological microcirculatory assessments brain tissues conducted hematoxylin eosin (H&E) staining, Nissl staining immunofluorescence methodology along with laser speckle contrast imaging. inflammatory cytokines Tumor Necrosis Factor- α (TNF- ), Interleukin-6 (IL-6) Interleukin-1 β (IL-1 ) quantified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Metagenomic sequencing employed diversity abundance microbiota. Results significantly improved as evidenced increased weight decreased immobility time H&E indicated substantial reduction inflammation while revealed restoration neuronal morphology following treatment. Furthermore, analysis showed elevated c-Fos expression hippocampal region ( P < 0.05). Assessments demonstrated significant reductions TNF- , IL-6, IL-1 levels group. metagenomic that enhanced diversity, particularly restoring Bacteroides Verrucomicrobia Conclusion exerts its antidepressant modulating enhancing functionality gut-brain

Language: Английский