Tissue-based T cell activation and viral RNA persist for up to 2 years after SARS-CoV-2 infection

Science Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(754)

Published: July 3, 2024

The mechanisms of postacute medical conditions and unexplained symptoms after SARS-CoV-2 infection [Long Covid (LC)] are incompletely understood. There is growing evidence that viral persistence, immune dysregulation, T cell dysfunction may play major roles. We performed whole-body positron emission tomography imaging in a well-characterized cohort 24 participants at time points ranging from 27 to 910 days acute using the radiopharmaceutical agent [

Language: Английский

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Multimodal Molecular Imaging Reveals Tissue-Based T Cell Activation and Viral RNA Persistence for Up to 2 Years Following COVID-19

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 31, 2023

ABSTRACT The etiologic mechanisms of post-acute medical morbidities and unexplained symptoms (Long COVID) following SARS-CoV-2 infection are incompletely understood. There is growing evidence that viral persistence immune dysregulation may play a major role. We performed whole-body positron emission tomography (PET) imaging in cohort 24 participants at time points ranging from 27 to 910 days acute using novel radiopharmaceutical agent, [ 18 F]F-AraG, highly selective tracer allows for anatomical quantitation activated T lymphocytes. Tracer uptake the COVID group, which included those with without Long symptoms, was significantly higher compared pre-pandemic controls many regions, including brain stem, spinal cord, bone marrow, nasopharyngeal hilar lymphoid tissue, cardiopulmonary tissues, gut wall. Although cell activation tended be imaged closer illness, increased up 2.5 years infection. observed cord wall associated presence symptoms. In addition, lung tissue persistent pulmonary Notably, these tissues also individuals COVID. Given high F]F-AraG detected gut, we obtained colorectal situ hybridization RNA immunohistochemical studies subset identified cellular rectosigmoid lamina propria all participants, 158 676 initial COVID-19 suggesting could long-term immunological perturbations.

Language: Английский

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Possible cancer-causing capacity of COVID-19: Is SARS-CoV-2 an oncogenic agent?

Biochimie, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 213, P. 130 - 138

Published: May 23, 2023

Language: Английский

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Mechanisms Leading to Gut Dysbiosis in COVID-19: Current Evidence and Uncertainties Based on Adverse Outcome Pathways

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(18), P. 5400 - 5400

Published: Sept. 14, 2022

Alteration in gut microbiota has been associated with COVID-19. However, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we outlined three potential interconnected mechanistic pathways leading to dysbiosis as an adverse outcome following SARS-CoV-2 presence gastrointestinal tract. Evidence from literature and current uncertainties are reported for each step of different pathways. One pathway investigates evidence that intestinal infection by inducing inflammation alters microbiota. Another links binding viral S protein angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) dysregulation this receptor, essential homeostasis—notably amino acid metabolism—leading dysbiosis. Additionally, could induce infecting bacteria. Assessing within Adverse Outcome Pathway framework justifies confidence proposed support disease management permits identification inconsistencies knowledge gaps orient further research.

Language: Английский

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Chemically-defined and scalable culture system for intestinal stem cells derived from human intestinal organoids

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 27, 2024

Abstract Three-dimensional human intestinal organoids (hIO) are widely used as a platform for biological and biomedical research. However, reproducibility challenges large-scale expansion limit their applicability. Here, we establish stem cell (ISC) culture method expanded under feeder-free fully defined conditions through selective enrichment of ISC populations (ISC 3D-hIO ) within hIO derived from pluripotent cells. The intrinsic self-organisation property , combined with air-liquid interface in minimally medium, forces to differentiate into the epithelium cellular diversity, villus-like structure, barrier integrity. Notably, is an ideal source gene editing study biology transplantation diseases. We demonstrate differentiated model system severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 viral infection. technology provides tool use regenerative medicine disease modelling.

Language: Английский

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Dynamics of the Microbiota and Its Relationship with Post-COVID-19 Syndrome

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(19), P. 14822 - 14822

Published: Oct. 1, 2023

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which can be asymptomatic or present with multiple organ dysfunction. Many infected individuals have chronic alterations associated neuropsychiatric, endocrine, gastrointestinal, and musculoskeletal symptoms, even several months after onset, developing long-COVID post-acute COVID-19 (PACS). Microbiota dysbiosis contributes to the onset progression of many viral diseases, including post-COVID-19 manifestations, could serve as potential diagnostic prognostic biomarkers. This review aimed discuss most recent findings on gut microbiota its relationship sequelae PACS. Elucidating these mechanisms help develop personalized non-invasive clinical strategies identify at a higher risk experiencing complications Moreover, highlights importance targeting composition avoid possible prophylactic therapeutic measures against PACS in future studies.

Language: Английский

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Impact of various high fat diets on gene expression and the microbiome across the mouse intestines

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Dec. 27, 2023

Abstract High fat diets (HFDs) have been linked to several diseases including obesity, diabetes, fatty liver, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colon cancer. In this study, we examined the impact on intestinal gene expression of three isocaloric HFDs that differed only in their acid composition—coconut oil (saturated fats), conventional soybean (polyunsaturated fats) a genetically modified (monounsaturated fats). Four functionally distinct segments mouse tract were analyzed using RNA-seq—duodenum, jejunum, terminal ileum proximal colon. We found considerable dysregulation genes multiple tissues with different diets, those encoding nuclear receptors involved xenobiotic drug metabolism, epithelial barrier function, IBD cancer as well associated microbiome COVID-19. Network analysis shows metabolism tend be upregulated by while related immune system are downregulated; neurotransmitter signaling was also dysregulated HFDs. Genomic sequencing revealed altered This study highlights potential gut health implications for organism whole will serve reference along length intestines.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 related complications

Progress in molecular biology and translational science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Alterations of the gut commensal akkermansia muciniphila in patients with COVID-19

Virulence, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 13, 2025

Dysbiosis of gut microbiota is well established in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). While studies have attempted to establish a link between the commensal Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) and COVID-19, findings been inconsistent sometimes controversial. The intestinal microbial abundance information COVID-19 patients was acquired analysed from GMrepo database. Subsequently, A. muciniphila's metabolites, target-genes, metabolite-target relationships extracted GutMGene Lastly, coronascape module Metascape database used for gene annotation enrichment analysis various host cells tissues after SARS-CoV-2 infection. results indicated that, comparison health people, significantly elevated patients. This bacterium found be associated with heightened expression IL-10, TLR2, TLR4, CLGN, CLDN4, TJP2, TJP3, while concurrently experiencing reduction IL-12A IL-12B humans. regulatory genes primarily enhance responses viruses cytokines, positively regulate cell migration, control epithelial proliferation. Our study revealed significant increase can modulate immune may also serve as probiotic antiviral properties.

Language: Английский

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SARS-CoV-2 and its impact on the cardiovascular and digestive systems – The interplay between new virus variants and human cells

Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21, P. 1022 - 1029

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Since infection with the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 first emerged in Wuhan, China, December 2019, world has been battling pandemic COVID-19. Patients of all ages and genders are now becoming infected new variant (Omicron) worldwide, its subvariants continue to pose a threat health life. This article provides literature review cardiovascular gastrointestinal complications resulting from infection. COVID-19 primarily caused respiratory symptoms, but can affect many vital organs. binds human cell receptor (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 – ACE2) that is predominantly expressed heart tract, which why we focused on these high transmissibility Omicron ability evade immune system have raised worldwide concern, tried summarise current knowledge about development structural point view highlight differences binding receptors proteases compared previous VOC.

Language: Английский

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