γ‐Glutamylcysteine Ameliorates LPS‐Induced Inflammatory Responses in BV2 Cells via Activating Autophagy DOI Creative Commons
Shuai Lü, Min Tian, Guofeng Wu

et al.

Journal of Food Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2024(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

In neurodegenerative diseases, the activation of microglia and ensuing neuroinflammation are pivotal in regulating disease progression. Attenuating inflammation induced by microglial cells is considered a key strategy for slowing progression diseases. γ‐glutamylcysteine (γ‐GC) has exhibited significant antioxidative anti‐inflammatory effects; nevertheless, its potential role modulating neuroinflammatory responses remains incompletely explored. The current investigation aimed to establish model stimulating BV2 with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) explore protective effect γ‐GC on cells. results demonstrated that significantly attenuated LPS‐induced oxidative damage cells, reduced levels tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), inhibited cytoplasmic translocation high‐mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1), effectively mitigated inflammatory response We further investigated regulatory mechanism found enhances autophagy resulting marked reduction mammalian target rapamycin (mTOR) phosphorylation an increase AMP‐activated kinase (AMPK) levels. use inhibitors 3‐methyladenine (3‐MA) AMPK corroborates proposition promotes while suppressing through AMPK‐mTOR pathway. findings indicate exerts substantial inhibitory impact neuroinflammation, making it promising candidate development therapeutic strategies against disorders related conditions.

Language: Английский

Phytochemicals targeting mitophagy: Therapeutic opportunities and prospects for treating Alzheimer’s disease DOI Open Access
Jing Yang, He Zhao, Shengtao Qu

et al.

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 177, P. 117144 - 117144

Published: July 14, 2024

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder and the leading cause of age-related cognitive decline. Recent studies have established close relationship between mitophagy pathogenesis AD. Various phytochemicals shown promising therapeutic effects in mitigating onset progression This review offers comprehensive overview typical features underlying mechanisms to its occurrence AD, highlighting significance disease's progression. Additionally, we examine synthetic drugs that induce Finally, summarize recent advances research on regulate treatment potentially guiding development new anti-AD drugs.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Bafilomycin 1A Affects p62/SQSTM1 Autophagy Marker Protein Level and Autophagosome Puncta Formation Oppositely under Various Inflammatory Conditions in Cultured Rat Microglial Cells DOI Open Access

István Pesti,

Gábor Barczánfalvi,

Karolina Dulka

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(15), P. 8265 - 8265

Published: July 29, 2024

Regulation of autophagy through the 62 kDa ubiquitin-binding protein/autophagosome cargo protein sequestosome 1 (p62/SQSTM1), whose level is generally inversely proportional to autophagy, crucial in microglial functions. Since involved inflammatory mechanisms, we investigated actions pro-inflammatory lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and anti-inflammatory rosuvastatin (RST) secondary cultures with or without bafilomycin A1 (BAF) pretreatment, an antibiotic that potently inhibits autophagosome fusion lysosomes. The levels microglia marker Iba1 p62/SQSTM1 were quantified by Western blots, while number immunoreactive puncta was quantitatively analyzed using fluorescent immunocytochemistry. BAF pretreatment hampered survival decreased under all culturing conditions. Cytoplasmic increased treated LPS+RST but reversed markedly when BAF+LPS+RST applied together. Furthermore, significantly reduced RST used BAF+RST-treated cultures, indicating a modulation autophagic flux reduction degradation. These findings collectively indicate cytoplasmic autophagocytotic are differentially regulated, regardless pro- state, provide context for understanding role function various settings.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
γ‐Glutamylcysteine Ameliorates LPS‐Induced Inflammatory Responses in BV2 Cells via Activating Autophagy DOI Creative Commons
Shuai Lü, Min Tian, Guofeng Wu

et al.

Journal of Food Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2024(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

In neurodegenerative diseases, the activation of microglia and ensuing neuroinflammation are pivotal in regulating disease progression. Attenuating inflammation induced by microglial cells is considered a key strategy for slowing progression diseases. γ‐glutamylcysteine (γ‐GC) has exhibited significant antioxidative anti‐inflammatory effects; nevertheless, its potential role modulating neuroinflammatory responses remains incompletely explored. The current investigation aimed to establish model stimulating BV2 with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) explore protective effect γ‐GC on cells. results demonstrated that significantly attenuated LPS‐induced oxidative damage cells, reduced levels tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), inhibited cytoplasmic translocation high‐mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1), effectively mitigated inflammatory response We further investigated regulatory mechanism found enhances autophagy resulting marked reduction mammalian target rapamycin (mTOR) phosphorylation an increase AMP‐activated kinase (AMPK) levels. use inhibitors 3‐methyladenine (3‐MA) AMPK corroborates proposition promotes while suppressing through AMPK‐mTOR pathway. findings indicate exerts substantial inhibitory impact neuroinflammation, making it promising candidate development therapeutic strategies against disorders related conditions.

Language: Английский

Citations

0