Biomolecules,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(10), P. 1274 - 1274
Published: Oct. 10, 2024
Postoperative
cognitive
dysfunction
(POCD)
is
a
common
complication
that
affects
memory,
executive
function,
and
processing
speed
postoperatively.
The
pathogenesis
of
POCD
linked
to
excessive
neuroinflammation
pre-existing
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD)
pathology.
Previous
studies
have
shown
acupuncture
improves
cognition
in
the
early
phase
POCD.
However,
can
last
for
longer
periods
(up
weeks
years).
long-term
effects
are
unknown.
In
this
study,
we
hypothesized
electroacupuncture
(EA)
could
reduce
inflammation
induced
by
laparotomy
over
period.
We
characterized
postoperative
EA
on
changes
investigated
underlying
molecular
mechanisms
mice.
Laparotomy
was
performed
3-month-old
mice
followed
daily
treatment
2
weeks.
Our
data
indicated
prolonged
impairment
memory
functions,
which
were
mitigated
EA.
also
reduced
tau
phosphorylation
suppressed
activation
tau-related
kinases
glia,
with
comparable
ibuprofen.
These
findings
demonstrate
beneficial
mouse
model
POCD,
suggesting
EA's
ability
suppress
may
contribute
its
protective
effects.
conclusion,
be
viable
non-pharmacological
intervention
managing
different
phases
medical
condition.
Biomedicines,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
13(1), P. 115 - 115
Published: Jan. 7, 2025
Postoperative
neurocognitive
dysfunction
(PND)
is
a
prevalent
and
debilitating
complication
in
elderly
surgical
patients,
characterized
by
persistent
cognitive
decline
that
negatively
affects
recovery
quality
of
life.
As
the
aging
population
grows,
rising
number
patients
has
made
PND
an
urgent
clinical
challenge.
Despite
increasing
research
efforts,
pathophysiological
mechanisms
underlying
remain
inadequately
characterized,
underscoring
need
for
more
integrated
framework
to
guide
targeted
interventions.
To
better
understand
molecular
therapeutic
targets
PND,
this
narrative
review
synthesized
evidence
from
peer-reviewed
studies,
identified
through
comprehensive
searches
PubMed,
Embase,
Cochrane
Library,
Web
Science.
Key
findings
highlight
neuroinflammation,
oxidative
stress,
mitochondrial
dysfunction,
neurotransmitter
imbalances,
microvascular
changes,
white
matter
lesions
as
central
pathophysiology,
with
particular
parallels
encephalocele-
sepsis-associated
impairments.
Among
these,
mediated
pathways
such
NLRP3
inflammasome
blood-brain
barrier
disruption,
emerges
pivotal
driver,
triggering
cascades
exacerbate
neuronal
injury.
Oxidative
stress
synergistically
amplify
these
effects,
while
imbalances
alterations,
including
lesions,
contribute
synaptic
decline.
Anesthetic
agents
modulate
interconnected
pathways,
exhibiting
both
protective
detrimental
effects.
Propofol
dexmedetomidine
demonstrate
neuroprotective
properties
suppressing
neuroinflammation
microglial
activation,
whereas
inhalational
anesthetics
like
sevoflurane
intensify
inflammatory
responses.
Ketamine,
its
anti-inflammatory
potential,
offers
promise
but
requires
further
evaluation
determine
long-term
safety
efficacy.
By
bridging
insights
practice,
highlights
critical
role
personalized
anesthetic
strategies
mitigating
improving
patients.
It
aims
inform
future
decision-making
address
multifaceted
Journal of Food Science,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
90(3)
Published: March 1, 2025
Abstract
Intermittent
fasting
(IF)
is
an
eating
pattern
that
promotes
health
and
cognitive
improvement
through
periodic
eating.
It
has
been
shown
to
enhance
neuroplasticity
reduce
oxidative
stress
inflammation.
Recent
studies
have
demonstrated
probiotic
supplementation
enhances
performance
by
modulating
gut
microbiota
composition
increasing
short‐chain
fatty
acid
production,
which
in
turn
neurogenesis
synaptic
plasticity.
The
microbiota‐gut‐brain
axis
(MGBA)
the
communication
bridge
between
brain,
influencing
function
immune,
endocrine,
nervous
systems.
combination
of
probiotics
IF
may
exert
complementary
effects
on
function,
with
enhancing
microbial
diversity
metabolic
efficiency,
while
further
modulate
barrier
integrity
neurotransmitter
synthesis.
This
review
critically
examines
interplay
via
MGBA,
identifying
key
mechanisms
potential
therapeutic
strategies
remain
underexplored
current
research.
Cureus,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Sept. 2, 2024
Postoperative
delirium
(POD)
and
neurocognitive
disorders
(NCDs)
are
common
serious
complications
that
can
occur
after
surgery,
particularly
in
older
adults
those
with
preexisting
cognitive
impairments.
These
conditions
associated
significant
morbidity,
increased
healthcare
costs,
reduced
quality
of
life.
Understanding
the
underlying
mechanisms,
risk
factors,
effective
management
strategies
for
POD
NCDs
is
critical
improving
patient
outcomes
reducing
burden
on
systems.
This
comprehensive
review
aims
to
synthesize
current
knowledge
pathophysiology,
NCDs.
It
explores
neurobiological
molecular
mechanisms
contributing
these
conditions,
identifies
patient-related,
surgical,
environmental
factors
increase
risk,
evaluates
pharmacological
non-pharmacological
approaches
prevention
treatment.
A
thorough
literature
was
conducted
using
recent
studies,
clinical
guidelines,
expert
consensus
provide
a
detailed
overview
presentation,
prevention,
The
pathophysiology
involves
complex
interactions
between
neuroinflammatory
processes,
neurotransmitter
imbalances,
brain
network
disruptions.
Risk
include
advanced
age,
impairment,
type
duration
perioperative
complications.
Management
emphasize
multidisciplinary
approach,
incorporating
preoperative
optimization,
careful
intraoperative
management,
postoperative
interventions.
Pharmacological
treatments,
such
as
antipsychotics,
approaches,
including
modifications
rehabilitation,
play
crucial
roles
management.
multifactorial
impacts
surgical
outcomes.
Effective
requires
understanding
their
implementation
targeted
treatment
strategies.
Future
research
should
focus
personalized
treatment,
further
elucidation
developing
predictive
models
enhance
care
patients
at
Frontiers in Medicine,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
11
Published: Sept. 27, 2024
Postoperative
cognitive
dysfunction
(POCD)
is
a
common
and
serious
postoperative
complication
in
elderly
patients,
affecting
function
quality
of
life.
Its
pathophysiology
complex,
involving
age-related
decline,
surgical
anesthetic
factors,
systemic
neuroinflammation,
as
well
genetic
environmental
contributors.
Comprehensive
preoperative
assessment
optimization,
the
selection
appropriate
agents,
minimally
invasive
techniques,
early
rehabilitation
training
are
effective
strategies
to
reduce
incidence
POCD.
Recent
research
suggests
that
anti-inflammatory
drugs
neuroprotective
agents
may
be
promising
preventing
Additionally,
non-pharmacological
interventions,
including
physical
training,
have
shown
positive
effects.
Future
directions
should
include
large-scale
clinical
trials
mechanistic
studies
further
understand
manage
POCD,
along
with
integrating
new
findings
into
practice.
Continuous
education
for
healthcare
professionals
essential
ensure
application
latest
patient
care.
Through
multidisciplinary
collaboration
ongoing
improvements,
these
efforts
can
significantly
enhance
life
patients.
