Home-Cage Training for Non-Human Primates: An Opportunity to Reduce Stress and Study Natural Behavior in Neurophysiology Experiments

Animals, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(9), P. 1340 - 1340

Published: May 6, 2025

Research involving non-human primates remains a cornerstone in fields such as biomedical research and systems neuroscience. However, the daily routines of laboratory work can induce stress these animals, potentially compromising their well-being reliability experimental outcomes. To address this, many laboratories have adopted home-cage training protocols to mitigate caused by routine procedures transport restraint—a factor that impact both macaque physiology validity. This review explores primary methods setups employed training, highlighting potential not only ethical concerns surrounding animal welfare but also reduce time risks for researchers. Furthermore, combining with wireless recordings, it becomes possible expand opportunities behavioral neurophysiology primates. approach enables study various cognitive processes more naturalistic settings, thereby increasing ecological validity scientific findings through innovative designs thoroughly investigate complexity animals’ natural behavior.

Language: Английский

Effectiveness of scaffolded case-based learning in anesthesiology residency training: a randomized controlled trial

BMC Medical Education, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: May 8, 2025

Medical residents often struggle with complex clinical scenarios that require sophisticated decision-making skills. While case-based discussion (CBD) is widely used in medical education, its effectiveness can be limited by insufficient guidance and structured support. Scaffolding teaching, which provides graduated assistance aligned learners' development, may address these limitations. However, evidence from randomized controlled trials evaluating the integration of scaffolding CBD residency training remains limited. This study aims to compare an integrated scaffolded learning approach traditional lecture-based teaching utilizes same case materials enhancing residents' reasoning, self-directed learning, knowledge acquisition anesthesiology training. prospective trial encompassed 12 residents, systematically into experimental cohort (receiving discussion) a control instruction utilizing case). The intervention consisted 4-week curriculum focusing on HOCM anesthesia management, delivered through weekly instructional sessions. investigation utilized validated assessment instruments measure primary outcomes, including reasoning proficiency capacity, at three time points: baseline, post-intervention (Week 4), follow-up 8). Secondary outcome measures satisfaction indices retention metrics. Statistical analysis employed t-tests Mann-Whitney U tests for comparative assessment. Post-intervention evaluation Week 4 revealed statistically significant superiority across multiple parameters: (83.58 ± 3.28 versus 74.17 4.55, p = 0.002), capacity (79.92 2.56 63.33 3.52, < 0.001), (100.00 0.00 73.00 5.02, 0.001). Follow-up 8 demonstrated sustained enhancement group, maintaining advantages (89.08 5.93 68.17 2.70, (87.83 71.58 3.50, (98.33 2.58 95.00 0.00, 0.010). demonstrates scaffolding-supported offers over incorporates case. significantly enhances capabilities, competencies, compared approach. These findings establish robust empirical foundation optimization methodologies, particularly within high-complexity domains such as management. improvements observed further validate long-term this pedagogical Not applicable. educational research project methodologies simulated does not involve health-related interventions or patient outcomes.

Language: Английский

A biologically plausible decision-making model based on interacting cortical columns

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 1, 2023

Abstract We present a novel decision-making model with two populations. Each population is composed of Regularly Spiking (excitatory) and Fast (inhibitory) cells in cortical layer 2/3. votes for one the visual alternatives shown on monitor human macaque experiments. The biophysically plausible since it based long-range cortico-cortical connections between 2/3 These are excitatory. They contact both cells. This excitation conflicted by an inhibition local within configuration introduces competition populations, sufficient making decision to choose monitor. integrate reward-driven learning mechanism. allows learn optimal strategy maximizing cumulative reward long term. test tasks applied macaque. elaborates certain biophysical details which were not considered simpler phenomenological models proposed similar tasks. Finally, can be embedded brain simulator such as Virtual Brain study terms large-scale dynamics.

Language: Английский