Role of the locus coeruleus and basal forebrain in arousal and attention

Brain Research Bulletin, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 188, P. 47 - 58

Published: July 23, 2022

Language: Английский

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Cell-type-specific optogenetic fMRI on basal forebrain reveals functional network basis of behavioral preference

Neuron, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 112(8), P. 1342 - 1357.e6

Published: Feb. 14, 2024

The basal forebrain (BF) is a complex structure that plays key roles in regulating various brain functions. However, it remains unclear how cholinergic and non-cholinergic BF neurons modulate large-scale functional networks their relevance intrinsic extrinsic behaviors. With an optimized awake mouse optogenetic fMRI approach, we revealed stimulation of four neuron types evoked distinct cell-type-specific whole-brain BOLD activations, which could be attributed to BF-originated low-dimensional structural networks. Additionally, activation VGLUT2, ChAT, PV the modulated preference for locomotion, exploration, grooming, respectively. Furthermore, uncovered network basis above BF-modulated behavioral through decoding model linking activation, networks, preference. To summarize, decoded differential preferences with on provided avenue investigating behaviors from view.

Language: Английский

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Advances in the study of cholinergic circuits in the central nervous system

Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10(12), P. 2179 - 2191

Published: Oct. 16, 2023

Abstract Objective Further understanding of the function and regulatory mechanism cholinergic neural circuits related neurodegenerative diseases. Methods This review summarized research progress central nervous system, especially for circuit medial septal nucleus‐hippocampus, vertical branch diagonal band‐hippocampus, basal nucleus Meynert‐cerebral cortex loop, amygdala, pedunculopontine nucleus, striatum‐related loops. Results The extensive complex fiber projection neurons form circuits, which regulate several nuclei in brain through neurotransmission participate learning memory, attention, emotion, movement, etc. loss neurotransmitters, reduction, loss, degeneration or abnormal theta oscillations can induce cognitive disorders such as AD, PD, PDD, DLB. Interpretation fibers some precise mechanisms remain unclear. investigation projections various regions underlying are expected to open up new avenues prevention treatment senile

Language: Английский

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Subcortical control of the default mode network: Role of the basal forebrain and implications for neuropsychiatric disorders

Brain Research Bulletin, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 185, P. 129 - 139

Published: May 11, 2022

The precise interplay between large-scale functional neural systems throughout the brain is essential for performance of cognitive processes. In this review we focus on default mode network (DMN), one such that active during periods quiet wakefulness and believed to be involved in introspection planning. Abnormalities DMN connectivity activation appear across many neuropsychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia. Recent evidence suggests subcortical regions basal forebrain are functionally structurally important regulation activity. Within forebrain, subregions like ventral pallidum may influence activity nucleus basalis Meynert can inhibit switching networks. Interactions other networks medial frontoparietal (default), lateral (control), midcingulo-insular (salience), dorsal (attention) also discussed context disorders. Several subtypes neurons have been identified parvalbumin-containing or somatostatin-containing which regulate cortical gamma band oscillations DMN-like behaviors, cholinergic might gate access sensory information reinforcement learning. review, explore evidence, discuss clinical implications compare neuroanatomy human vs rodent DMN. Finally, address technological advancements could help provide a more complete understanding modulation function describe newly BF therapeutic targets potentially restore DMN-associated deficits patients with variety

Language: Английский

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Basal Forebrain Cholinergic Neurons Selectively Drive Coordinated Motor Learning in Mice

Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 41(49), P. 10148 - 10160

Published: Nov. 8, 2021

Motor control requires precise temporal and spatial encoding across distinct motor centers that is refined through the repetition of learning. The recruitment regions modulatory input to shape circuit activity. Here, we identify a role for baso-cortical cholinergic pathway in acquisition coordinated skill mice. Targeted depletion basal forebrain neurons results significant impairments training on rotarod task movement. Cholinergic neuromodulation required during sessions as chemogenetic inactivation also impairs acquisition. Rotarod learning known drive refinement corticostriatal arising both medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) cortex, have found Critically, effects are restricted stage, after does not affect execution. Our indicate critical distant cortical SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Acetylcholine release from neuron terminals rapidly modulates neuronal excitability, dynamics, coding; all processes processing complex sensory information, cognition, attention. We or transient silencing inputs anatomically isolated areas, selectively led learning; disrupting this network elicited no effect pivotal These findings support concept cognitive components (such attention) indispensable adjustment output training-induced improvements performance.

Language: Английский

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Target-specific control of olfactory bulb periglomerular cells by GABAergic and cholinergic basal forebrain inputs

eLife, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Feb. 28, 2022

The olfactory bulb (OB), the first relay for odor processing in brain, receives dense GABAergic and cholinergic long-range projections from basal forebrain (BF) nuclei that provide information about internal state behavioral context of animal. However, targets, impact, dynamic these afferents are still unclear. How BF synaptic inputs modulate activity diverse subtypes periglomerular (PG) interneurons using optogenetic stimulation loose cell-attached or whole-cell patch-clamp recording OB slices adult mice were studied this article. potently blocked PG cells firing except a minority calretinin-expressing which GABA release elicited spiking. Parallel excited previously overlooked cell subtype via activation M1 muscarinic receptors. Low-frequency axons drove persistent cells, thereby increasing tonic inhibition principal neurons. Taken together, findings suggest modality-specific can orchestrate glomeruli multiple, potentially independent, inhibitory excitatory target-specific pathways.

Language: Английский

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The Regulation Effect of α7nAChRs and M1AChRs on Inflammation and Immunity in Sepsis

Mediators of Inflammation, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 2021, P. 1 - 10

Published: Nov. 3, 2021

The inflammatory storm in the early stage and immunosuppression late are responsible for high mortality rates multiple organ dysfunction sepsis. In recent years, studies have found that body’s cholinergic system can spontaneously dynamically regulate inflammation immunity sepsis according to needs of body. Firstly, vagus nerve senses regulates local or systemic by means Cholinergic Anti-inflammatory Pathway (CAP) activation α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (α7nAChRs); thus, α7nAChRs play important roles central nervous (CNS) modulate peripheral inflammation; secondly, muscarinic 1 (M1AChRs) forebrain affect neurons Medullary Visceral Zone (MVZ), core CAP, immunity. Based on critical role these two receptor systems sepsis, it is necessary collect analyze related findings years provide ideas further research clinical applications. By consulting literature, we draw some conclusions: MVZ primary center It coordinates not only sympathetic but also autonomic neuroendocrine immunity; widely expressed immune cells, neurons, muscle cells; suppress expression represents acute chronic state a certain extent; M1AChRs mainly advanced centers brain neuroinflammation MVZ, hypothalamus, induced leads their dysfunctions underlies regulatory Correcting adjusting function may be key strategies treatment future.

Language: Английский

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Activation of basal forebrain-to-lateral habenula circuitry drives reflexive aversion and suppresses feeding behavior

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Dec. 21, 2022

Abstract Environmental cues and internal states such as mood, reward, or aversion directly influence feeding behaviors beyond homeostatic necessity. The hypothalamus has been extensively investigated for its role in feeding. However, many of the neural circuits that drive more complex, non-homeostatic integrate valence sensory (such taste smell) remain unknown. Here, we describe a basal forebrain (BF)-to-lateral habenula (LHb) circuit modulates behavior. Using viral-mediated mapping, identified population glutamatergic neurons within BF project to LHb, which responds diverse cues, including aversive food-related odors. Optogenetic activation BF-to-LHb circuitry drives robust, reflexive-like aversion. Furthermore, this suppresses eat fasted state. Together, these data reveal modulating LHb-associated by sensing environmental cues.

Language: Английский

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Oxytocin signaling is necessary for synaptic maturation of adult-born neurons

Genes & Development, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 36(21-24), P. 1100 - 1118

Published: Nov. 1, 2022

Neural circuit plasticity and sensory response dynamics depend on forming new synaptic connections. Despite recent advances toward understanding the consequences of plasticity, mechanisms driving are unknown. Adult-born neurons within olfactory bulb have proven to be a powerful model for studying providing broad accessible avenue into neuron development, migration, integration. We others shown that efficient adult-born integration hinges presynaptic activity in form diverse signaling peptides. Here, we demonstrate novel oxytocin-dependent mechanism maturation reveal spatial temporal enrichment oxytocin receptor expression murine bulb, with peaking during activity-dependent Using viral labeling, confocal microscopy, cell type-specific RNA-seq, promotes newly integrating by regulating their morphological development mature AMPARs other structural proteins.

Language: Английский

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Cholinergic Reinforcement Signaling Is Impaired by Amyloidosis Prior to Its Synaptic Loss

Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 43(42), P. 6988 - 7005

Published: Aug. 30, 2023

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with amyloidosis and dysfunction of the cholinergic system, which crucial for learning memory. However, nature acetylcholine signaling within regions cholinergic-dependent plasticity how it changes experience poorly understood, much less impact on this signaling. Therefore, we optically measure release profile to unexpected, predicted, predictive events in visual cortex (VC)-a site known plasticity-in a preclinical mouse model AD that develops amyloidosis. We find exhibits reinforcement qualities, reporting behaviorally relevant outcomes displaying profiles predicted change as consequence experience. identify three stages occurring before degeneration synapses VC observe responses amyloid-bearing mice become impaired over these stages, diverging progressively from age- sex-matched littermate controls. In particular, degrades unexpected rewards punishments, attenuates experience-dependent (1) increase outcome cues, (2) decrease outcomes. Hyperactive spontaneous transiently at onset also observed, further implicating disrupted activity an early functional biomarker AD. Our findings suggest acts signal by pathologic providing deeper understanding effects informing future interventions

Language: Английский

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