Translational Neurodegeneration, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(1)
Published: Sept. 7, 2024
Language: Английский
Nature Reviews Neurology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19(5), P. 305 - 320
Published: April 14, 2023
Language: Английский
Citations
56
Frontiers in Neurology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12
Published: Feb. 25, 2022
Aging is characterized, amongst other features, by a complex process of cellular senescence involving both innate and adaptive immunity, called immunosenescence associated to inflammaging, low-grade chronic inflammation. Both processes fuel each partially explain increasing incidence cancers, infections, age-related autoimmunity, vascular disease as well reduced response vaccination. Multiple sclerosis (MS) lifelong disease, for which considerable progress in disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) management has improved long-term survival. However, disability progression, with age duration, remains. Neurologists are now involved caring elderly MS patients, comorbidities. the immune system therefore relevant implications pathogenesis, DMTs risks mediated these treatments. We propose review current evidence regarding markers molecular mechanisms their relevance understanding pathogenesis. will focus on changes auto-immune diseases, such systemic lupus erythematosus rheumatoid arthritis. The consequences pathology, interaction intrinsic aging central nervous resident cells be discussed. Finally, impact evolution safety efficacy presented.
Language: Английский
Citations
40
Trends in Neurosciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 46(8), P. 628 - 639
Published: June 5, 2023
Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) are non-neuronal brain that give rise to oligodendrocytes, glia myelinate the axons of neurons in brain. Classically known for their contributions myelination via oligodendrogenesis, OPCs increasingly appreciated play diverse roles nervous system, ranging from blood vessel formation antigen presentation. Here, we review emerging literature suggesting may be essential establishment and remodeling neural circuits developing adult mechanisms distinct production oligodendrocytes. We discuss specialized features position these integrate activity-dependent molecular cues shape wiring. Finally, place within context a growing field focused on understanding importance communication between contexts both health disease.
Language: Английский
Citations
39
Translational Neurodegeneration, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(1)
Published: Nov. 14, 2023
Abstract Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) play pivotal roles in myelin formation and phagocytosis, communicating with neighboring contributing to the integrity of blood–brain barrier (BBB). However, under pathological circumstances Alzheimer’s disease (AD), brain’s microenvironment undergoes detrimental changes that significantly impact OPCs their functions. Starting OPC functions, we delve into transformation myelin-producing oligodendrocytes, intricate signaling interactions other central nervous system (CNS), fascinating process which influences function affects CNS homeostasis. Moreover, discuss essential role BBB highlight critical contribution forming CNS-protective barriers. In context AD, deterioration local brain is discussed, mainly focusing on neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, accumulation toxic proteins. The disturb delicate balance brain, impacting regenerative capacity compromising integrity. Under conditions, experience significant alterations migration proliferation, leading impaired differentiation a reduced ability produce mature oligodendrocytes. degeneration become increasingly active progressive neurodegeneration. Finally, summarize current therapeutic approaches targeting AD. Strategies revitalize senescence, modulate pathways enhance differentiation, explore potential avenues are promising alleviating AD function. conclusion, this review highlights indispensable involvement pathogenesis interplay between underscores complexity neurodegenerative diseases. Insights from studying conditions provide foundation for innovative strategies fostering Future research will advance our understanding management diseases, ultimately offering hope effective treatments improved quality life those affected by related disorders.
Language: Английский
Citations
24
Frontiers in Neurology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14
Published: June 9, 2023
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease that commonly results in nontraumatic disability young adults. The characteristic pathological hallmark of MS damage to myelin, oligodendrocytes, axons. Microglia provide continuous surveillance the CNS microenvironment initiate defensive mechanisms protect tissue. Additionally, microglia participate neurogenesis, synaptic refinement, myelin pruning through expression release different signaling factors. Continuous activation has been implicated disorders. We first review lifetime microglia, including origin, differentiation, development, function microglia. then discuss whole processes remyelination demyelination, microglial phenotypes MS, NF-κB/PI3K-AKT pathway regulatory pathways may change homeostasis which would accelerate progression MS.
Language: Английский
Citations
23
Aging and Disease, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 0 - 0
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
This review delves into the multifaceted aspects of age-related balance changes, highlighting their prevalence, underlying causes, and impact they have on elderly population. Central to this discussion is exploration various physiological changes that occur with aging, such as alterations in vestibular, visual, proprioceptive systems, musculoskeletal degeneration. We examine role neurological disorders, cognitive decline, medication side effects exacerbating issues. The underscores significance early detection effective intervention strategies mitigating risks associated problems, falls reduced mobility. It discusses effectiveness diverse strategies, including exercise programs, rehabilitation techniques, technological advancements like virtual reality, wearable devices, telemedicine. Additionally, stresses importance a holistic approach managing encompassing review, addressing comorbidities, environmental modifications. paper also presents future research directions, emphasizing need for deeper understanding complex mechanisms aging potential emerging technologies interdisciplinary approaches enhancing assessment methods. comprehensive aims provide valuable insights healthcare providers, researchers, policymakers developing targeted improve quality life ensure well-being
Language: Английский
Citations
13
Cells, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(11), P. 921 - 921
Published: May 27, 2024
The astrocyte population, around 50% of human brain cells, plays a crucial role in maintaining the overall health and functionality central nervous system (CNS). Astrocytes are vital orchestrating neuronal development by releasing synaptogenic molecules eliminating excessive synapses. They also modulate excitability contribute to CNS homeostasis, promoting survival clearance neurotransmitters, transporting metabolites, secreting trophic factors. highly heterogeneous respond injuries diseases through process known as reactive astrogliosis, which can both inflammation its resolution. Recent evidence has revealed remarkable alterations transcriptomes response several diseases, identifying at least two distinct phenotypes called A1 or neurotoxic A2 neuroprotective astrocytes. However, due vast heterogeneity these it is limited classify them into only phenotypes. This review explores various physiological pathophysiological roles, potential markers, pathways that might be activated different astrocytic Furthermore, we discuss main neurodegenerative identify therapeutic strategies. Understanding underlying mechanisms differentiation imbalance population will allow identification specific biomarkers timely approaches diseases.
Language: Английский
Citations
10
iScience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 27(4), P. 109342 - 109342
Published: Feb. 27, 2024
The existence of neural stem cells (NSCs) in adult human brain neurogenic regions remains unresolved. To address this, we created a cell atlas the subventricular zone (SVZ) derived from fresh neurosurgical samples using single-cell transcriptomics. We discovered 2 radial glia (RG)-like populations, aRG1 and aRG2. shared features with fetal early RG (eRG) aRG2 were transcriptomically similar to outer (oRG). also captured neuronal oligodendrocytic NSC states. found that biological programs driven by their transcriptomes support roles as lineage NSCs. Finally, show these NSCs have potential transition between states along trajectories. These data reveal multipotent reside SVZ.
Language: Английский
Citations
9
Immunological Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 311(1), P. 39 - 49
Published: July 31, 2022
Summary The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a selectively permeable separating the periphery from central nervous system (CNS). BBB restricts flow of most material into and out CNS, including many drugs that could be used as potent therapies. permeability modulated by several cells are collectively called neurovascular unit (NVU). NVU consists specialized CNS endothelial (ECs), pericytes, astrocytes, microglia, neurons. ECs maintain complex “seal” via tight junctions, forming BBB; breakdown these junctions leads to disruption. Pericytes control vascular within capillaries help basal lamina. Astrocytes much has moved beyond EC layer can form secondary under inflammatory conditions. Microglia survey border for noxious material. Neuronal activity also plays role in maintenance BBB. Since neurons all able modulate BBB, understating contributions each member will potentially uncover novel effective methods delivery neurotherapies CNS.
Language: Английский
Citations
31
Glia, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 70(6), P. 1191 - 1209
Published: March 9, 2022
Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) are responsible for remyelination in the central nervous system (CNS) health and disease. For patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), is not always successful, mechanisms differentiating successful from failed well-known. Growing evidence suggests an immune role OPCs, addition to their regenerative role; however, it clear if this helps or hinders process. We studied effect of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) relapsing MS (rMS) progressive (pMS) on primary OPC differentiation gene expression function. observed that CSF either rMS pMS has a differential ability mice OPCs differentiate into mature oligodendrocytes express functions. impaired oligodendrocytes. In addition, led decreased major histocompatibility complex class (MHC)-II expression, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α secretion, nuclear kappa-B (NFκB) activation, less activation proliferation T cells. Our findings suggest only remyelination, but they may also play active as innate CNS.
Language: Английский
Citations
29