Video
gamers
can
play
to
negate
the
psychological
impact
of
stress
(Pine
et
al.,
2020),
which
may
become
problematic
when
users
over-rely
on
stress-relief
potential
gaming.
This
study
used
a
repeated-measures
experimental
design
investigate
relationships
between
stress,
video
gaming,
and
gaming
behaviours
in
convenience
sample
40
students
at
UK
university.
Results
indicated
that
positive
affect
increased
negative
decreased,
whilst
biological
measure
(Instantaneous
Pulse
Rate)
also
decreased
after
short
session
(t(36)
=
4.82,
p
<
.001,
d
0.79).
suggest
act
as
short-term
buffer
against
physiological
stress.
Further
research
should
focus
testing
individuals
who
have
been
tested
for
Gaming
Disorder
opposed
general
population.
Research
could
utilise
variations
methodological
framework
this
examine
intensity
effect
under
different
social
situations.
The
study’s
findings
relation
published
work
are
discussed.
Nature Methods,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
20(12), P. 2034 - 2047
Published: Dec. 1, 2023
Abstract
Ventral
midbrain
dopaminergic
neurons
project
to
the
striatum
as
well
cortex
and
are
involved
in
movement
control
reward-related
cognition.
In
Parkinson’s
disease,
nigrostriatal
degenerate
cause
typical
disease
motor-related
impairments,
while
dysfunction
of
mesocorticolimbic
is
implicated
addiction
neuropsychiatric
disorders.
Study
development
selective
neurodegeneration
human
system,
however,
has
been
limited
due
lack
an
appropriate
model
access
material.
Here,
we
have
developed
a
vitro
that
recapitulates
key
aspects
innervation
cortex.
These
spatially
arranged
ventral
midbrain–striatum–cortical
organoids
(MISCOs)
can
be
used
study
neuron
maturation,
function
with
implications
for
cell
therapy
research.
We
detail
protocols
growing
midbrain,
striatal
cortical
describe
how
they
fuse
linear
manner
when
placed
custom
embedding
molds.
report
formation
functional
long-range
connections
tissues
MISCOs,
show
injected,
midbrain-patterned
progenitors
mature
innervate
tissue.
Using
these
assembloids,
examine
circuit
perturbations
chronic
cocaine
treatment
causes
long-lasting
morphological,
transcriptional
changes
persist
upon
drug
withdrawal.
Thus,
our
method
opens
new
avenues
investigate
transplantation
circuitry
reconstruction
effect
drugs
on
system.
Brain Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(6), P. 617 - 617
Published: June 20, 2024
Glucagon-like
peptide-1
(GLP-1)
is
involved
in
a
range
of
central
and
peripheral
pathways
related
to
appetitive
behavior.
Hence,
this
study
explored
the
effects
glucagon-like
receptor
agonists
(GLP-1
RAs)
on
substance
behavioral
addictions,
including
alcohol,
caffeine,
nicotine,
cannabis,
psychostimulants,
compulsive
shopping,
sex
drive/libido.
Data
were
collected
from
various
social
platforms.
Keywords
GLP-1
RAs
substance/behavioral
addiction
used
extract
relevant
comments.
The
employed
mixed-methods
approach
analyze
online
discussions
posted
December
2019
June
2023
using
specialized
web
application.
Reddit
entries
focus
here
due
limited
data
other
platforms,
such
as
TikTok
YouTube.
A
total
5859
threads
comments
extracted
six
subreddits,
which
included
about
drugs
associated
brand
names.
To
obtain
posts,
keywords
potential
use
behavior
selected.
Further
analysis
two
main
steps:
(1)
manually
coding
posts
based
users’
references
impact
non-substance
habits,
excluding
irrelevant
or
unclear
comments;
(2)
performing
thematic
dataset
keywords,
AI-assisted
techniques
followed
by
manual
revision
generated
themes.
Second,
was
performed
keyword-related
dataset,
In
total,
29.75%
alcohol-related;
22.22%
caffeine-related;
23.08%
nicotine-related
clearly
stated
cessation
intake
these
substances
following
start
prescription.
Conversely,
mixed
results
found
for
cannabis
intake,
only
limited,
anecdotal
made
available
cocaine,
entactogens,
dissociative
drugs’
misuse.
Regarding
21.35%
reported
shopping
interruption,
whilst
sexual
drive/libido
elements
reportedly
increased
several
users.
current
appeared
be
useful
tool
gaining
insight
into
complex
topics
addiction-related
disorders;
some
RA-related
mental
health
benefits
could
also
inferred
here.
Overall,
it
that
may
show
target
both
craving
maladaptive/addictive
behaviors,
although
further
empirical
research
needed.
Chinese Herbal Medicines,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
15(2), P. 201 - 213
Published: March 15, 2023
is
empirically
used
as
an
antidepressant
in
clinical
practice.
Preclinical
studies
have
indicated
that
its
total
extracts
or
bioactive
constituents
exerted
antidepressant-like
responses
animal
models,
providing
the
molecular
basis
to
reveal
underlying
mechanism
of
action.
While
attempts
been
made
understand
effect
Nutrients,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
15(22), P. 4809 - 4809
Published: Nov. 17, 2023
As
GLP-1
receptor
agonists,
like
semaglutide,
emerge
as
effective
treatments
for
weight
management,
anecdotal
reports
from
patients
and
clinicians
alike
point
to
a
reduction
in
what
has
been
colloquially
termed
"food
noise",
report
experiencing
less
rumination
obsessive
preoccupation
about
food.
In
this
narrative
review,
we
discuss
concepts
used
studies
investigate
human
eating
behavior
that
can
help
elucidate
define
food
noise,
particularly
cue
reactivity.
We
propose
conceptual
model
summarizes
the
main
factors
have
shown
determine
magnitude
of
reactivity
elicited
by
external
internal
cues
how
these
affect
short-
long-term
behavioral
clinical
outcomes.
By
integrating
key
research
conducted
field,
Cue-Influencer-Reactivity-Outcome
(CIRO)
provides
framework
be
future
design
interpret
findings
related
noise
eNeuro,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
11(2), P. ENEURO.0421 - 23.2024
Published: Jan. 18, 2024
Sensory
cues
are
critical
for
shaping
decisions
and
invigorating
actions
during
reward
seeking.
Dopamine
neurons
in
the
ventral
tegmental
area
(VTA)
central
this
process,
supporting
associative
learning
Pavlovian
instrumental
settings.
Studies
of
intracranial
self-stimulation
(ICSS)
behavior,
which
show
that
animals
will
work
hard
to
receive
stimulation
dopamine
neurons,
support
notion
transmits
a
or
value
signal
learning.
Recent
studies
have
begun
question
this,
however,
emphasizing
dopamine's
value-free
functions,
leaving
its
contribution
behavioral
reinforcement
somewhat
muddled.
Here,
we
investigated
role
sensory
stimuli
dopamine-mediated
reinforcement,
using
an
optogenetic
ICSS
paradigm
tyrosine
hydroxylase
(TH)-Cre
rats.
We
find
while
VTA
neuron
activation
absence
explicit
external
is
sufficient
maintain
robust
self-stimulation,
presence
dramatically
potentiates
behavior.
Our
results
framework
where
can
some
base
as
reinforcer,
but
impact
modulated
heavily
by
context.
