Unravelling the complex and unexpected physiopathology of the post COVID-19 condition: a narrative review

Discover Viruses., Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 2(1)

Published: May 7, 2025

Language: Английский

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Cortical GABA Levels Are Reduced in Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome

Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(12), P. 1666 - 1666

Published: Dec. 1, 2023

After recovering from the acute COVID-19 illness, a substantial proportion of people continue experiencing post-acute sequelae (PASC), also termed “long COVID”. Their quality life is adversely impacted by persistent cognitive dysfunction and affective distress, but underlying neural mechanisms are poorly understood. The present study recruited group mostly young, previously healthy adults (24.4 ± 5.2 years age) who experienced PASC for almost 6 months following mild illness. Confirming prior evidence, they reported noticeable memory attention deficits, brain fog, depression/anxiety, fatigue, other symptoms potentially suggestive excitation/inhibition imbalance. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) was used to examine neurochemical aspects cell signaling with an emphasis on GABA levels in occipital cortex. participants were compared control (CNT) matched demographics, intelligence, array variables. Controlling tissue composition, biological sex, alcohol intake, had lower GABA+/water than CNT, which correlated depression poor sleep quality. mediation analysis revealed that impact partly mediated GABA+/water, indicative cortical hyperexcitability as mechanism. In addition, N-acetylaspartate (NAA) tended be group, possibly suggesting compromised neuronal integrity. Persistent neuroinflammation may contribute pathogenesis PASC-related neurocognitive dysfunction.

Language: Английский

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Delayed mental, neurological and somatic disorders associated with COVID-19

HIV Infection and Immunosuppressive Disorders, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. 53 - 62

Published: Jan. 17, 2024

Purpose of the study. To assess nature health complaints, frequency occurrence, structure and characteristics neurological, general somatic mental disorders in people post-COVID period. Materials methods. The main group (n=1000) was represented by who had a new coronavirus infection, confirmed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) SARS-CoV-2, from 18 to 60 years old. As part study, an extensive survey examined individuals carried out, aimed at identifying psychoneurological consequences that developed period 4 weeks 12 months after COVID-19. Results discussion. study included 289 men 711 women (28.9% 71.1%, respectively). average age time examination 40.2±11.8 years. More than half respondents were working age, permanent job or studying (72.3%), while 17.9% indicated high level physical activity before majority suffered mild COVID-19 (76.6%), 23.4% cases disease moderate. Among (vegetative) as consequence COVID-19, most common complaints hair loss (49.5%), fatigue 77.5% cases, regardless workload type work, fluctuations blood pressure 50.2% patients. Women complained more intensely about (χ 2 =60.2608, df=9, p<.001), shortness breath =17.5025, p=0.04), interruptions heart function =22.7863, p=0.007). respondents, emotional disturbances, which determined picture anxiety depressive disorders, well cognitive impairments form memory (69.5%), concentration, difficulties with long-term attention maintenance (65,5%) switching one task another (60%). With increased intensity (R=0.2, p<0.05), insomnia for their close persons neurological (widespread muscle pain (R=0.3, spine gait disturbances (urinary heaviness chest irregular heartbeat p<0.05). Clear gender differences psychopathological manifestations revealed. strongly =23.8901, p=0.004), malaise =17.9304, p=0.04) and, accordingly, lower inability cope household =22.3384, p=0.008) compared men. severe dysmnestic =23.0900, p=0.006) also characterized having greater =20.5941, p=0.01) =20.2633, p=0.02) Post-COVID despite manifestations, caused significant everyday life predominated older people. Conclusion. clinical syndrome is wide range neuropsychiatric determines specifics patient management illness. When assessing it advisable rely on opinions specialists interprofessional expert group, make decisions implementation diagnostic algorithm each based systematic approach, taking into account specific symptoms conditions. Preliminary results our showed special should be paid stage treatment acute infection rehabilitation, due higher incidence complications them. Given risks possibility reinfection, critical integrate basic research data optimize preservation quality

Language: Английский

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Cognitive impairment in long-COVID

Ideggyógyászati Szemle, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 77(5-6), P. 151 - 159

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Background – Long Covid is a complex condition characterised by symptoms that persist for weeks and months after the infection, accompanied cognitive im­pairment negatively affects daily life. Understanding this important development of diagnostic therapeutic strategies. Purpose This article aims to provide comprehensive overview impairment in long-COVID, including its definition, symptoms, pathophysiology, risk factors, assessment tools, imaging abnormalities, potential biomarkers, management strategies, long-term outcomes, future directions research. Methods The search methodology used review aimed include wide range research on related both COVID-19 long-COVID. Systematic searches PubMed Google Scholar databases were conducted using mixture MeSH terms keywords ‘cognition’, ‘cognitive impairment’, ‘brain fog’, ‘COVID-19’ ‘long-COVID’. was restricted studies published English between 1 January 2019 11 February 2024, which presented findings neurological manifestations human participants. Results Long-COVID characterized persistent following with being prominent feature. Symptoms brain fog, difficulties concentration, memory issues, executive function deficits. Pathophysiological mechanisms involve viral persistence, immune responses, vascular damage. Risk factors age, pre-existing conditions, disease severity. Cognitive tools such as Montreal Assessment (MoCA) are essential diagnosis. Imaging studies, MRI, PET, SPECT, reveal structural functional alterations. Potential biomarkers C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, neuron-specific enolase. Management strategies encompass rehabilitation, occupational therapy, medications, lifestyle modifications. Discussion poses multifaceted challenge, significantly impacts patients’ lives. A multidisciplinary approach, rehabilitation medication when appropriate, effective management. Future should focus validating understanding outcomes. Conclusion global health concern, distressing symptom. While pharmacological interventions have potential, they require careful consideration. Continued crucial improving treatment

Language: Английский

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CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS IN PATIENTS WITH COVID-19 CONSEQUENCES PATHOGENETICALLY DETERMINED DIAGNOSIS AND METHODS OF CORRECTION

World of Medicine and Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(88), P. 146 - 146

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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