Neuroinflammation and energy metabolism: a dual perspective on ischemic stroke

Journal of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: April 10, 2025

Ischemic stroke is a prevalent form of cerebrovascular accident, with its pathogenesis involving the intricate interplay between neuroinflammation and energy metabolism. Cerebral ischemia disrupts oxygen supply, triggering metabolic dysregulation activating neuroinflammatory responses, ultimately resulting in cellular damage. This review provides an exhaustive analysis complex mechanisms ischemic stroke, particular focus on interaction The interruption supply due to cerebral initiates activates including release inflammatory cytokines activation immune cells, contributing damage further disturbances. Studies indicate that metabolism significantly impairs neural cell function interacts neuroinflammation, exacerbating brain injury. Therapeutic strategies primarily concentrate modulating suppressing emphasizing importance in-depth research into their provide theoretical foundation for new treatment stroke. Future should how balance anti-inflammatory regulation minimize promote recovery.

Language: Английский

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Applications of Machine Learning-Driven Molecular Models for Advancing Ophthalmic Precision Medicine

Bioengineering, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. 156 - 156

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

Ophthalmic diseases such as glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration (ARMD), and optic neuritis involve complex molecular cellular disruptions that challenge current diagnostic therapeutic approaches. Advanced artificial intelligence (AI) machine learning (ML) models offer a novel lens to analyze these by integrating diverse datasets, identifying patterns, enabling precision medicine strategies. Over the past decade, applications of AI in ophthalmology have expanded from imaging-based diagnostics molecular-level modeling, bridging critical gaps understanding disease mechanisms. This paper systematically reviews application AI-driven methods, including reinforcement (RL), graph neural networks (GNNs), Bayesian inference, generative adversarial (GANs), context ophthalmic conditions. RL simulate transcription factor dynamics hypoxic or inflammatory environments, offering insights into disrupted pathways. GNNs map intricate within affected tissues, key degenerative drivers. inference provides probabilistic for predicting progression response therapies, while GANs generate synthetic datasets explore interventions. By contextualizing tools broader framework management, this review highlights their potential transform outcomes. Ultimately, work underscores need continued interdisciplinary collaboration harness AI’s advancing field improving patient care.

Language: Английский

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The Art of Neuroregeneration De Novo and In Situ

Advances in experimental medicine and biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Combining dopamine and vitamin E enhances the differentiation to cholinergic neurons of mesenchymal stem cells

Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 12, 2025

Recent research indicates that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can transdifferentiate into neuron-like under specific conditions, offering promise for neuronal regeneration. However, challenges remain in optimizing differentiation protocols to generate neuron types. This study explores the impact of supplementing induction media with dopamine and vitamin E guide MSCs toward subtypes. Human adipose-MSCs were utilized investigate differentiation. The cultured supplemented 2 concentrations (2.5 5 µM) (12.5 25 µM). Immunostaining western blot analysis employed assess sequential expression markers associated various stages maturation development. These included Nestin, MAP2, NeuN, TBR1, SATB2, DAT, DBH, CHAT. results demonstrate, first time, significantly enhances accelerates cells. Furthermore, findings suggest induced are predominantly reprogrammed a cholinergic lineage. For MSCs, our reveals addition reprograms mainly neurons, suggesting promising approaches treating neurodegenerative disorders.

Language: Английский

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Silk Fibroin as a 3D Printing Bioink for Tissue Engineering Applications

Applied Materials Today, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 44, P. 102775 - 102775

Published: May 12, 2025

Language: Английский

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