BackgroundPathophysiological
inquiries
into
schizophrenia
require
a
consideration
of
one
its
defining
features:
disorganisation
and
impoverishment
in
verbal
behaviour.
This
feature,
often
captured
using
the
term
Formal
Thought
Disorder,
still
remains
to
be
most
poorly
understood
understudied
dimensions
schizophrenia.
AimIn
this
review,
we
consider
various
challenges
that
need
addressed
for
us
move
towards
mapping
FTD
(construct)
brain
network
level
account
(circuit).
construct-to-circuit
goal
is
now
becoming
more
plausible
than
it
ever
was,
given
advent
tools
providing
objective
readouts
human
speech.
ConclusionsWe
suggest
any
comprehensive
pathophysiological
model
must
satisfactorily
onset
persistence
address
nature
Language
Network
dysfunction
illness.
To
end,
phenotype
refinement,
robust
experimental
designs,
informed
analytical
choices
specific
steps
can
taken
deciphering
neural
mechanisms
underwriting
FTD,
translational
promise
improved
interpersonal
communication
reduced
social
disability.
Cortex,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
167, P. 283 - 302
Published: July 24, 2023
Glioma
in
the
left
frontal
cortex
has
been
reported
to
cause
agrammatic
comprehension
and
induce
global
functional
connectivity
alterations
within
syntax-related
networks.
However,
it
remains
unclear
what
extent
structural
reorganization
is
affected
by
preexisting
We
examined
28
patients
with
a
diffuse
glioma
hemisphere
23
healthy
participants.
Syntactic
abilities
were
assessed
picture-sentence
matching
task
various
sentence
types.
The
lesion
responsible
for
was
identified
region-of-interest-based
lesion-symptom
mapping
(RLSM).
Cortical
surface-based
morphometry
(SBM),
which
cortical
thickness
fractal
dimension
measured
three-dimensional
magnetic
resonance
imaging
(MRI).
Fiber
tracking
on
human
population-averaged
diffusion
MRI
template
performed
examine
whether
associated
RLSM
revealed
associations
between
posterior
limb
of
internal
capsule.
SBM
demonstrated
that
decreased
and/or
increased
complexity
right
insula
not
only
but
also
syntactic
fiber
route
these
two
regions
anatomically
integrated
into
networks
previously
identified.
These
results
suggest
potential
association
variations
specific
tracts
regions,
may
be
closely
related
American Journal of Roentgenology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
221(6), P. 806 - 816
Published: June 28, 2023
BACKGROUND.
Brain
tumors
induce
language
reorganization,
which
may
influence
the
extent
of
resection
in
surgical
planning.
Direct
cortical
stimulation
(DCS)
allows
definitive
mapping
during
awake
surgery
by
locating
areas
speech
arrest
(SA)
surrounding
tumor.
Although
functional
MRI
(fMRI)
combined
with
graph
theory
analysis
can
illustrate
whole-brain
network
few
studies
have
corroborated
these
findings
DCS
intraoperative
and
clinical
performance.
Frontiers in Human Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
17
Published: July 13, 2023
In
recent
years,
a
paradigm
shift
in
neuroscience
has
been
occurring
from
“localizationism,”
or
the
idea
that
brain
is
organized
into
separately
functioning
modules,
toward
“connectomics,”
interconnected
nodes
form
networks
as
underlying
substrates
of
behavior
and
thought.
Accordingly,
our
understanding
mechanisms
neurological
function,
dysfunction,
recovery
evolved
to
include
connections,
disconnections,
reconnections.
Brain
tumors
provide
unique
opportunity
probe
large-scale
neural
with
focal
sometimes
reversible
lesions,
allowing
neuroscientists
directly
test
newly
formed
hypotheses
about
structural-functional
relationships
network
properties.
Moreover,
if
more
complete
model
dysfunction
be
defined
“disconnectome,”
potential
avenues
for
might
mapped
through
“reconnectome.”
Such
insight
may
open
door
novel
therapeutic
approaches
where
previous
attempts
have
failed.
this
review,
we
briefly
delve
most
clinically
relevant
mapping
techniques,
examine
how
they
are
being
applied
modern
neurosurgical
tumor
practices.
We
then
explore
teach
us
global
pre-
postoperative
longitudinal
connectomic
behavioral
analyses.
Clinical Nuclear Medicine,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
49(9), P. 822 - 829
Published: May 1, 2024
Purpose
18
F-FDG
PET
captures
the
relationship
between
glucose
metabolism
and
synaptic
activity,
allowing
for
modeling
brain
function
through
metabolic
connectivity.
We
investigated
tumor-induced
modifications
of
Patients
Methods
Forty-three
patients
with
left
hemispheric
tumors
PET/MRI
were
retrospectively
recruited.
included
37
healthy
controls
(HCs)
from
database
CERMEP-IDB-MRXFDG.
analyzed
whole
right
versus
hemispheres
connectivity
in
HC,
frontal
temporal
tumors,
active
radiation
necrosis,
high
Karnofsky
performance
score
(KPS
=
100)
low
KPS
<
70).
Results
compared
2-sided
t
test
(
P
0.05).
Twenty
high-grade
glioma,
4
low-grade
19
metastases
included.
The
patients’
whole-brain
network
displayed
lower
metrics
HC
0.001),
except
assortativity
betweenness
centrality
0.001).
showed
decreased
similarity,
0.01),
exception
0.002).
did
not
show
significant
differences.
Frontal
higher
0.001)
than
but
4.5
−7
).
distance
local
efficiency
rich
club
coefficient
0.0048),
clustering
0.00032),
0.008),
similarity
0.0027)
KPS.
tumor(s)
(14/43)
demonstrated
significantly
necroses.
Conclusions
Tumors
cause
reorganization
networks,
characterized
by
formation
new
connections
centrality.
retained
a
more
efficient,
centralized,
segregated
tumors.
Stronger
was
associated
Augmentative and Alternative Communication,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 1 - 14
Published: July 5, 2024
A
socio-neurocognitive
approach
to
augmentative
and
alternative
communication
(AAC)
shows
several
underlying
domains
of
communicative
competence:
Attention,
perception,
cognition,
memory,
orientation,
socio-emotional
development,
motor
skills,
language.
To
determine
developmental
markers
these
core
competence
in
children
with
support
needs,
we
developed
a
new
screening
instrument.
The
present
article
consists
three
consecutive
studies.
In
study
1,
constructed
the
first
version
instrument
based
on
sample
both
without
disabilities
Down
syndrome.
2,
confirmed
reliability
(i.e.,
internal
consistency)
group
young
typical
development
established
concurrent
validity
Early
Language
Scale.
3,
Communication
Matrix
clinical
needs.
can
be
used
practice
as
part
AAC
assessment
provide
comprehensive
insights
into
strengths
weaknesses
Approximately
10-20%
of
idiopathic
pulmonary
fibrosis
cases
have
a
familial
component,
suggesting
strong
genetic
influence.
While
most
are
sporadic,
provide
critical
insights
into
predispositions
and
mechanisms.
TERT
TERC
mutations
which
encode
components
telomerase,
among
the
common
in
fibrosis.
They
lead
to
shortened
telomeres
premature
cellular
aging.
SFTPC
SFTPA2
genes
encoding
surfactant
proteins
can
disrupt
normal
lung
function
homeostasis,
leading
increased
MUC5B
is
polymorphism
promoter
region
gene
strongly
associated
with
both
sporadicidiopathic
This
variant
increases
expression
mucin,
may
contribute
aberrant
wound
healing
Journal of Personalized Medicine,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(11), P. 1108 - 1108
Published: Nov. 15, 2024
Hypothalamic
gliomas,
though
rare,
present
significant
challenges
in
neuro-oncology
due
to
their
critical
location
and
high
morbidity
risk.
Pilocytic
astrocytoma
is
the
most
common
subtype,
requiring
a
delicate
balance
between
tumor
control
preservation
of
neurological
function.
This
study
explores
radiosurgery
as
viable
treatment
option
for
hypothalamic
with
focus
on
low-grade
lesions.
