Differential Abnormality in Regional Brain Spontaneous Activity and Functional Connectivity in Patients of Non‐Acute Subcortical Stroke With Versus Without Global Cognitive Functional Impairment

Brain and Behavior, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Introduction Cognitive impairment after a stroke significantly affects patients' quality of life, yet not all strokes lead to such impairment, and the underlying reasons remain unclear. This study employs resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs‐fMRI) compare subcortical patients with without cognitive impairment. Our goal is identify distinct abnormalities in regional brain spontaneous activity connectivity (FC) better understand neural basis post‐stroke outcomes. Methods A total 62 first‐ever non‐acute were classified into abnormal cognition (PSAC) normal (PSNC) groups. Rs‐MRI was utilized assess homogeneity (ReHo) 32 PSAC, 30 PSNC, age‐ sex‐matched healthy controls (HC). Then we performed seed‐based whole‐brain FC analysis based on ReHo results. partial correlation examined relationship between altered or Montreal Assessment (MoCA) scores. Results It showed varied cognitive‐related regions both groups compared HC, as right superior frontal gyrus, middle temporal postcentral left cerebellar lobules. The PSAC group had increased bilateral inferior gyrus well. Significant differences also found PSNC groups, showing decreased rectus (REC) revealed connections group, particularly involving REC. Activity REC cerebellum correlated MoCA Conclusions These findings suggest unique patterns shedding light potential mechanisms While may be regulatory stimulus target clinical applications.

Language: Английский

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Topological alteration of the brain structural network in Parkinson’s disease with apathy

Brain Research Bulletin, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 208, P. 110899 - 110899

Published: Feb. 8, 2024

Apathy is a common neuropsychiatric manifestations in Parkinson's disease (PD), but neural network mechanisms still remain elusive. We aim to investigate the topological alteration of brain structural PD with apathy. In present study, total 47 apathetic (aPD) patients, 37 non-apathetic (naPD) and 40 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) conjunction graph-theoretic approaches used explore alterations properties WM arising from apathy PD. One-way analysis covariance post hoc analyses performed differences among three groups. Correlations ascertained examine relationships between Starkstein Scale (AS) scores significantly different metrics Both aPD naPD patients remained small-world topology. However, compared showed increased clustering coefficient (Cp) at global level, At regional exhibited decreased nodal properties, mainly right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), caudate nucleus (CAU), hippocampus, superior parietal gyrus. Further, AS negatively correlated degree centrality DLPFC (r = -0.254, p 0.020) CAU ( r -0.357, 0.001) pooled The findings suggested that presented relatively optimized disrupted organization network, particularly involving fronto-striatal-limbic circuits. altered abnormal regions might be understand physiopathologic mechanism patients.

Language: Английский

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The Clinical Impact of Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback on Emotion Regulation: A Systematic Review

Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(7), P. 700 - 700

Published: July 12, 2024

Emotion dysregulation has long been considered a key symptom in multiple psychiatric disorders. Difficulties emotion regulation have associated with neural fronto-limbic circuits. Real-time fMRI-based neurofeedback (rt-fMRI-NFB) become increasingly popular as potential treatment for emotional disorders, it is able to directly target the impaired However, clinical impact of these rt-fMRI-NFB protocols populations still largely unknown. Here we provide comprehensive overview primary studies from 2010 2023 that used regulation. We assessed 41 out 4001 original methodological quality and risk bias synthesised concerning frequency significant rt-fMRI-NFB-related effects on behaviour level. Successful modulation brain activity was reported between 25 50 percent study samples, while samples were more diverse than healthy samples. Interestingly, behavioural improvement over 75 showed improvements 0 percent. Concerning subsamples, observed up 100 major depressive disorder (MDD) post-traumatic stress (PTSD) Substance use benefits ranging Neural appeared be less frequent improvements: most outcomes ranged MDD substance PTSD. Using individualised regions interest (ROIs) training resulted solely based amygdala or prefrontal cortex. While studies, heterogeneous, which limits current evaluation putative dysregulation.

Language: Английский

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Patterns of brain volume and metabolism predict clinical features in the progressive supranuclear palsy spectrum

Brain Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6(4)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a neurodegenerative tauopathy that presents with highly heterogenous clinical syndromes. We perform cross-sectional data-driven discovery of independent patterns brain atrophy and hypometabolism across the entire PSP spectrum. then use these to predict specific features assess their relationship phenotypic heterogeneity. included 111 patients (60 Richardson syndrome 51 cortical subcortical variant subtypes). Ninety-one were used as training set 20 test set. The presence severity granular variables such postural instability, parkinsonism, apraxia gaze noted. Domains akinesia, ocular motor impairment, instability cognitive dysfunction defined by Movement Disorders Society criteria for also recorded. Non-negative matrix factorization was on MRI fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) scans. Independent models each well combined model FDG-PET developed variables. Both better at predicting symptom than severity, suggesting identification disease state may be more robust stage. predicted predominantly abnormalities ideomotor apraxia, speech frontal dysexecutive syndrome. demonstrated prediction so sub-cortical abnormalities, parkinsonism. Distinct neuroanatomical foci predictive in MRI- FDG-PET-based models. For example, vertical midbrain MRI, but eye field FDG-PET. Findings differed scale or instrument used. using Saccadic Impairment Scale stronger Diagnostic oculomotor impairment designation. Combination enhanced detection parkinsonism bradykinesia severity. able some measures set; however, global cognition measured Montreal Cognitive Assessment strongest. predictions generalized robustly leads neurodegeneration motor, networks foci, leading diverse yet overlapping To advance understanding heterogeneity PSP, it essential consider approaches neuroimaging analyses.

Language: Английский

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Neurovascular Correlates of Cobalamin, Folate, and Homocysteine in Dementia

Journal of Alzheimer s Disease, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 96(3), P. 1329 - 1338

Published: Nov. 13, 2023

Background: Cobalamin (Cbl) and folate are common supplements clinicians prescribe as an adjuvant therapy for dementia patients, on the presumption of their neurotrophic and/or homocysteine (Hcy) lowering effect. However, treatment efficacy has been found mixed effects Cbl/folate/Hcy human brain remain to be elucidated. Objective: To explore neurovascular correlates in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) subcortical ischemic vascular (SIVD). Methods: Sixty-seven AD patients 57 SIVD were prospectively consecutively recruited from outpatient clinic. Multimodal 3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging was performed quantitatively evaluate cerebral blood flow (CBF) white matter integrity. The relationship between neuroimaging metrics serum levels examined by using Kruskal-Wallis test, partial correlation analysis, moderation at a significance level 0.05. Results: As whole, CBF mainly associated with Cbl/folate while hyperintensities exclusively Hcy. compared AD, exhibited more noticeable (spatially widespread Cbl focal folate). In SIVD, bilateral Cbl-moderated coupling medial prefrontal cortex ipsilateral basal ganglia, fronto-subcortical tracts, elevated Hcy indicative increased injury both axon myelin sheath. Conclusions: We identified previously reported effect neurotoxic dementia. distinct patterns SIVD. findings may help improving formulation supplemental

Language: Английский

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Altered Regional Brain Spontaneous Activity and Functional Connectivity in Patients of Non-Acute Subcortical Stroke With versus Without Cognitive Impairment: A Resting-State fMRI Study.

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 2, 2024

The reasons why not all stroke survivors have cognitive dysfunction are unclear. We hypothesize that resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) will reveal differences in regional brain spontaneous activity and functional connectivity (FC) patients with without impairment. classified 62 first-ever non-acute subcortical into two groups: post-stroke abnormal cognition (PSAC) normal (PSNC). Rs-MRI was utilized to assess homogeneity (ReHo) 32 PSAC, 30 PSNC, age- sex-matched healthy controls. set regions significant alteration within groups as of interest performed the seed-based whole FC analysis. A partial correlation analysis examined relationship between altered ReHo or Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores. Compared PSAC had decreased left gyrus rectus (REC) increased cerebellar lobules (CBL) IX right VIII, while bilateral REC, REC middle temporal (MTG). In patients, value correlated positively CBL negatively MoCA. All MoCA positively. Regional MTG, cerebellum may be associated impairment following stroke.

Language: Английский

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Aberrant Functional Connectivity of the Salience Network in Adult Patients with Tic Disorders: A Resting-State fMRI Study

eNeuro, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(6), P. ENEURO.0223 - 23.2024

Published: May 14, 2024

Tic disorders (TD) are characterized by the presence of motor and/or vocal tics. Common neurophysiological frameworks suggest dysregulations cortico-striatal-thalamo-cortical (CSTC) brain circuit that controls movement execution. Besides common tics, there other "non-tic" symptoms primarily related to sensory perception, sensorimotor integration, attention, and social cognition. The existence these symptoms, tic triggers, modifying effect attention cognitive control mechanisms on tics may indicate salience network's (SN) involvement in neurophysiology TD. Resting-state functional MRI measurements were performed 26 participants with TD 25 healthy (HC). group differences resting-state connectivity patterns measured based seed-to-voxel analyses. Compared HC, patients exhibited altered between core regions SN (insula, anterior cingulate cortex, temporoparietal junction) sensory, associative, motor-related cortices. Furthermore, changes observed relation severity group. SN, particularly insula, is likely be an important site dysregulation Our results provide evidence for large-scale neural deviations beyond CSTC pathologies. These findings relevant developing treatment targets.

Language: Английский

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To Play or Not to Play: An Investigation Into The Effect of Video Game Use on Executive Functions

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Findings in experimental psychology research suggest that individuals who engage video game play outperform those do not games on a range of cognitions, particular visual selective attention. It was predicted the source differences observed players (VGP) compared to non-video (NVGP) is result additional executive function resources. only when task sufficiently demanding are attentional and resources VGP observable NVGP. Across three paradigms, functions were In Experiments One Two, hybrid response inhibition used assess performance subcomponents action cancellation, withholding, interference resolution Experiment measures γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamate, glutamine recorded using magnetic resonance spectroscopy. One, significantly outperformed NVGP cancellation resolution, but HRIT failed measure withholding. results replicated, there no significant difference between inhibition. A combined analysis participants Two replicated effects Three, ability sustain attention assessed continuous with manipulations cognitive load. The aim elucidate inconsistent by manipulating load allow observation increased VGP. Three showed metrics sustained performance. Moreover, groups their regardless This thesis emphasises potential for use train improve capabilities, findings directions future constrained methodological theoretical limitations.

Language: Английский

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White matter changes in paediatric bipolar disorder: A systematic review of diffusion magnetic resonance imaging studies

Journal of Affective Disorders, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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