The neural basis of naturalistic semantic and social cognition

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: March 21, 2024

Abstract Decoding social environments and engaging meaningfully with other people are critical aspects of human cognition. Multiple cognitive systems, including semantic cognition, work alongside each to support these processes. This study investigated shared processing between systems using neuroimaging data collected during movie-viewing, which captures the multimodal environment in knowledge is exchanged. Semantic content from movie events (event-level) transcripts (word-level) were used parametric modulation analyses test (1) degree information processed within respective network (2) engagement same cross-network regions or domain-general hub located processing. word event-level engaged fronto-temporo-parietal a portion anterior temporal lobe (ATL). Social supplementary motor area right angular gyrus network, but only words left ATL. There was evidence dorsolateral ATL by content. Overlap event results highly variable across participants, most consistent loci overlap occurring inferior frontal, bilateral precentral supramarginal gyri for superior extending posteriorly into events. These indicate complex pattern distinct cognition naturalistic Protocol registration The stage 1 protocol this Registered Report accepted principle on October 11, 2022. protocol, as journal, can be found at: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/ACWQY .

Language: Английский

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Associations between White Matter Asymmetry and Communication Skills in Children with Prenatal Alcohol Exposure

Drug and Alcohol Dependence, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 272, P. 112674 - 112674

Published: April 12, 2025

Language: Английский

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A comparison of diffusion tensor imaging tractography approaches to identify the Frontal Aslant Tract in neurosurgical patients

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 19

Published: April 28, 2025

Introduction This study aims to present various tractography methods for delineating the Frontal Aslant Tract (FAT) and quantify morphological features of FAT based on diffusion tensor imaging. Methods The includes 68 patients, which was reconstructed using Region Of Interest (ROI)-based approach. ROIs were defined in either SFG – Superior Gyrus (ROI 1), or SMA—Supplementary Motor Area 2). respective endpoints located Inferior (IFG)—either pars opercularis triangularis. For each patient, delineated four combinations above ROI–endpoint pairs. Results highest streamline counts fiber volumes obtained ROI 1 (i.e., SFG) with endpoint IFG opercularis. All subjects expressed left dominance pathway quantified by higher regardless gender. Additionally, Mean Diffusivity (MD) lower Fractional Anisotropy (FA) values observed patients 55 years age than younger patients. Discussion is a neural that can be tracked anatomical landmarks. Clinically, it appears between region optimal, as directly associated number fibers greatest volume tract contained these points.

Language: Английский

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Sex-dependent impact of parental verbal abuse on brain lateralization of language

Neurobiology of Stress, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100730 - 100730

Published: May 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Connectivity of fronto-temporal regions in syntactic structure building during speaking and listening

Neurobiology of Language, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(4), P. 922 - 941

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract The neural infrastructure for sentence production and comprehension has been found to be mostly shared. same regions are engaged during speaking listening, with some differences in how strongly they activate depending on modality. In this study, we investigated modality affects the connectivity between previously involved syntactic processing across modalities. We determined constituent size affected of pars triangularis left inferior frontal gyrus (LIFG) posterior temporal lobe (LPTL) opercularis LIFG, anterior (LATL), rest brain. that reliably increased these ROIs. Connectivity two LIFG LPTL was enhanced as a function both modalities, it upregulated possibly because linearization motor planning cortex. ROIs LATL lower only larger sizes, suggesting contributing role These results thus show among fronto-temporal is structure building comprehension, providing further evidence accounts shared resources sentence-level

Language: Английский

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From classic models to new pathways: unraveling the anatomy and function of the inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus in language processing

Frontiers in Psychology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: April 2, 2025

This study explores the anatomy and function of inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF), focusing on its role in language processing. Through a comprehensive systematic review detailed anatomical dissections, we aim to elucidate IFOF's organization, contributions processing, complex three-dimensional configuration, ultimately enhancing safety precision neurosurgical practices. employed two-part methodology: (1) dissections using Klinger's technique three human brains, which were fixed frozen; (2) literature adhering PRISMA guidelines, with search EMBASE PubMed databases January 1, 2025, analyzing 510 studies IFOF function, focus processing implications for practice. Anatomical identified as prominent anterior-posterior white matter tract distinct dorsal ventral components. The component links pars triangularis orbitalis frontal lobe superior parietal posterior occipital gyri, while connects gyrus basal temporal region dorsolateral prefrontal orbitofrontal cortices. was found traverse through key areas, including extreme capsule, insula, claustrum, closely associated uncinate fasciculus. included 15 studies, highlighting critical cognitive linguistic functions, particularly semantic reading, naming, integrating visual information meaning interpretation. It plays comprehension by connecting regions anterior areas. also contributes attention spatial underscoring importance contemporary models. Damage can cause paraphasia, reading difficulties, neglect, aphasia, crucial functioning. pivotal visual, motor, information, facilitating interactions between cognitive, linguistic, visuospatial functions. Its aids integration, underpins functional complexity underscores consideration planning.

Language: Английский

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ECAS correlation with metabolic alterations on FDG-PET imaging in ALS

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Degeneration, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 9

Published: June 5, 2024

Background: Cognitive impairment is observed in up to 50% of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The Edinburgh and Behavioral ALS Screen (ECAS) an ALS-specific multi-domain screening tool. Few studies have examined the relationship between ECAS scores [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography ([18F]FDG-PET) findings. Objective: To assess glucose metabolism patterns on [18F]FDG -PET images ALS. Methods: We collected [18F]FDG-PET from 65 39 healthy controls. were all we calculated correlation order investigate potential links cognition metabolism. Results: hypometabolism frontal cortex, insula, limbic system, together hypermetabolism cerebellum compared A lower total score was associated right orbitofrontal gyrus higher occipital, medial cerebellar regions, among Similar results, although less widespread, analyses scores. Conclusions: metabolic show that changes corresponding areas are related cognitive dysfunction ALS, can be detected using ECAS.

Language: Английский

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The T1-weighted/T2-weighted ratio as a biomarker of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis

Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. jnnp - 332069

Published: Oct. 5, 2023

Background Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis rarely causes visible lesions in conventional MRI, yet advanced imaging detects extensive white matter damage. To improve prognostic capabilities, we evaluate the T1-weighted/T2-weighted (T1w/T2w) ratio, a measure of integrity computable from clinical MRI sequences, NMDAR and examine its associations with cognitive impairment. Methods T1-weighted T2-weighted were acquired cross-sectionally at 3 Tesla 53 patients (81% women, mean age 29 years) matched healthy controls. Quantitative voxel-wise group differences T1w/T2w ratios neuropsychological outcomes assessed. P-values false discovery rate (FDR) adjusted where multiple tests conducted. Results Patients had significantly lower across normal appearing (p=0.009, Hedges’ g=−0.51), which was associated worse verbal episodic memory performance (r=0.39, p=0.005, p(FDR)=0.026). White loss observed corticospinal tract, superior longitudinal fascicle, optic radiation callosal body medium to large effects (Cohen’s d=[0.42–1.17]). In addition, showed decreased hippocampus (p=0.002, p(FDR)=0.005, g=−0.62), amygdala g=−0.63) thalamus (p=0.010, p(FDR)=0.019, g=−0.51). Conclusions The ratio microstructural changes grey that correlate performance. Computable this shows promise bridging clinico-radiological dissociation could serve as an outcome trials.

Language: Английский

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Dynamics of White Matter Architecture in Lexical Production among Middle-Aged Adults

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 9, 2024

Abstract This study aimed to elucidate the white matter changes associated with lexical production (LP) difficulties that typically emerge in middle age, resulting increased naming latencies. To delay onset of LP decline, middle-aged adults may rely on domain-general (DG) and language-specific (LS) compensatory mechanisms as proposed by LARA model (Lexical Access Retrieval Aging). However, our knowledge supporting these remains incomplete. Based a sample 155 from CAMCAN cohort, we combined dimensionality reduction techniques multivariate statistical methods jointly examine relationships between diffusion-weighted imaging LP-related neuropsychological data. Our findings (i) show midlife constitutes pivotal period marked discontinuity brain structure within distributed networks dorsal, ventral, anterior cortico-subcortical pathways, (ii) reveal this signals neurocognitive transition around age 53-54, marking decline. Indeed, results propose initially adopt “semantic strategy” compensate for initial challenges. Still, strategy be compromised when late (age 55-60) lose ability exert cognitive control over semantic representations (i.e., reduced control). In summary, advances comprehension underpin profile age. Specifically, underscore importance considering interplay DG LS processes studying trajectory performance healthy aging. Furthermore, offer valuable insights into identifying predictive biomarkers related dynamics observed midlife, which can help understand language-related neurodegenerative pathologies. Highlights Midlife characterized structure. Early 45-55) facilitate access sustain performances. Late gradually representations,

Language: Английский

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Intrahemispheric White Matter Asymmetries and Interhemispheric Connections Underlying the Lateralization of Language Production and Spatial Attention in Left-Handers

Neurobiology of Language, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6

Published: July 19, 2024

Abstract Leftward language production and rightward spatial attention are salient features of functional organization in most humans, but their anatomical basis remains unclear. Interhemispheric connections intrahemispheric white matter asymmetries have been proposed as important factors underlying lateralization. To investigate the role connectivity lateralization, we first identified 96 left-handers using visual half field naming tasks. They were then divided into atypical typical dominance based on lateralization brain activation a word generation task (for production) landmark attention). Using novel fixel-based framework, obtained fiber-specific properties pathways. Results showed, first, that differences between two groups occurred asymmetry superior longitudinal fasciculus-III (SLF-III), whereas rostrum rostral body corpus callosum. However, directions not associated with asymmetries. Second, degree was predicted by SLF-III callosum, Notably, each negatively correlated anterior middle callosal connections, supporting excitatory model The results suggest is shaped combined effect intra- interhemispheric relies more connections.

Language: Английский

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