bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Sept. 6, 2024
Interoceptive
signals
dynamically
interact
with
the
environment
to
shape
appropriate
defensive
behaviors.
Hypothalamic
hormones
arginine-vasopressin
(AVP)
and
oxytocin
(OT)
regulate
physiological
states,
including
water
electrolyte
balance,
circadian
rhythmicity,
Both
AVP
OT
neurons
project
dorsolateral
bed
nucleus
of
stria
terminalis
(BNSTDL),
which
expresses
receptors
(OTR)
vasopressin
mediates
fear
responses.
However,
understanding
integrated
role
neurohypophysial
is
complicated
by
cross-reactivity
their
mutual
receptor
promiscuity.
Here,
we
provide
evidence
that
effects
on
BNST
excitability
are
driven
input
specificity
cell
type-specific
selectivity.
We
show
OTR-expressing
BNSTDL
neurons,
excited
hypothalamic
inputs
via
OTR,
play
a
major
in
regulating
excitability,
overcoming
threat
avoidance,
reducing
threat-elicited
anxious
arousal.
Therefore,
OTR-BNSTDL
perfectly
suited
drive
dynamic
interactions
balancing
external
risk
needs.
Frontiers in Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
16
Published: Oct. 26, 2022
The
hypothalamic
neuropeptide,
oxytocin
(Oxt),
has
been
the
focus
of
research
for
decades
due
to
its
effects
on
body
physiology,
neural
circuits,
and
various
behaviors.
Oxt
elicits
a
multitude
actions
mainly
through
receptor,
receptor
(OxtR).
Despite
past
understand
central
projections
neurons
OxtR-
coupled
signaling
pathways
in
different
brain
areas,
it
remains
unclear
how
this
nonapeptide
exhibits
such
pleiotropic
while
integrating
external
internal
information.
Most
reviews
field
either
neuroanatomy
Oxt-OxtR
system,
or
functional
specific
areas.
Here,
we
provide
review
by
wide
connectivity
their
downstream
circuits
with
OxtR
expression
mice.
We
categorize
connected
regions
into
three
modules
that
regulate
state,
somatic
visceral,
cognitive
response.
Each
module
contains
process
distinct
behavioral
effects.
Broad
innervations
(e.g.,
basal
ganglia
motor
behavior)
enable
exert
coordinated
modulation
functionally
inter-connected
circuits.
Moreover,
acts
as
neuromodulator
neuromodulations
broadly
control
overall
state
brain.
Lastly,
discuss
mismatch
between
across
mouse
In
summary,
brings
forth
circuit-based
analysis
whole
light
release
provides
perspective
guide
future
studies.
Psychoneuroendocrinology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
141, P. 105769 - 105769
Published: April 13, 2022
Latinas
in
the
United
States
suffer
disproportionately
high
levels
of
pre-
and
postnatal
depression.
However,
little
is
understood
regarding
biopsychosocial
mechanisms
linking
socio-environmental
factors
to
this
increase
mental
health
risk.
The
oxytocinergic
system,
with
its
roles
stress
response,
social
behaviour
mood
regulation,
may
be
an
important
modulator
sensitivity.
We
have
previously
reported
prenatal
discrimination
a
significant
predictor
depression
Latinas;
here
we
tested
whether
sensitivity
might
depend
on
system
activity.A
sample
148
Latina
women
residing
US
were
assessed
prenatally
at
24-32
weeks'
gestation
46
weeks
postnatally
for
perceived
levels,
acculturation,
anxiety
symptoms.
Plasma
oxytocin
(OXT)
DNA
methylation
receptor
(OXTR)
measured
together
genotyping
OXTR
SNP,
rs53576.In
mothers
low
OXT
methylation,
acculturation
level
was
associated
No
such
associations
found
those
higher
methylation.
also
relationship
between
psychosocial
(discrimination
acculturation)
carriers
G-allele
rs53576,
but
not
AA
genotypes.
Finally,
positively
correlated
reports
experiencing
affiliative
touch.
Moreover,
touch
mediated
methylation.These
results
support
hypothesis
that
modulates
development
disorders
mothers.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Sept. 6, 2024
Interoceptive
signals
dynamically
interact
with
the
environment
to
shape
appropriate
defensive
behaviors.
Hypothalamic
hormones
arginine-vasopressin
(AVP)
and
oxytocin
(OT)
regulate
physiological
states,
including
water
electrolyte
balance,
circadian
rhythmicity,
Both
AVP
OT
neurons
project
dorsolateral
bed
nucleus
of
stria
terminalis
(BNSTDL),
which
expresses
receptors
(OTR)
vasopressin
mediates
fear
responses.
However,
understanding
integrated
role
neurohypophysial
is
complicated
by
cross-reactivity
their
mutual
receptor
promiscuity.
Here,
we
provide
evidence
that
effects
on
BNST
excitability
are
driven
input
specificity
cell
type-specific
selectivity.
We
show
OTR-expressing
BNSTDL
neurons,
excited
hypothalamic
inputs
via
OTR,
play
a
major
in
regulating
excitability,
overcoming
threat
avoidance,
reducing
threat-elicited
anxious
arousal.
Therefore,
OTR-BNSTDL
perfectly
suited
drive
dynamic
interactions
balancing
external
risk
needs.