Advances in experimental medicine and biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 129 - 155
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Language: Английский
Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13
Published: Feb. 2, 2023
Ischemic stroke (IS) is one of the most fatal diseases. Neuroimmunity, inflammation, and oxidative stress play important roles in various complex mechanisms IS. In particular, early proinflammatory response resulting from overactivation resident microglia infiltration circulating monocytes macrophages brain after cerebral ischemia leads to secondary injury. Microglia are innate immune cells that constantly monitor microenvironment under normal conditions. Once occurs, activated produce dual effects neurotoxicity neuroprotection, balance two determines fate damaged neurons. The activation defined as classical (M1 type) or alternative (M2 type). M1 type secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines neurotoxic mediators exacerbate neuronal damage, while M2 promote a repairing anti-inflammatory response. Fine regulation M1/M2 microglial minimize damage maximize protection has therapeutic value. This review focuses on interaction between other involved IS phenotypic characteristics, mechanism natural plant components regulating IS, providing novel candidate drugs for drug development.
Language: Английский
Citations
75
Molecular Therapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 31(6), P. 1550 - 1561
Published: Feb. 14, 2023
Investigation of lncRNA functions in the CNS is a rapidly expanding field that holds exciting potential for new advances understanding brain cell physiology and improving disease diagnosis therapy. This review summarizes important evidence regarding roles lncRNAs cellular molecular processes, highlighting few have been studied as biomarkers disorders involving neurodegeneration, neurodevelopment, more. Our current fine-tuning influence variety human diseases represent type molecule can be easily targeted with high specificity. However, direct involvement pathologies has shown only reduced number cases. Given tissues exhibit large enrichment diversity ncRNAs, future research will key to elucidating known still unidentified CNS, these noncodings serve diagnostic even targets treatment conditions.
Language: Английский
Citations
50
International Immunopharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 148, P. 114089 - 114089
Published: Jan. 19, 2025
Language: Английский
Citations
2
Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13
Published: Oct. 7, 2022
Cerebral infarction/ischemia-reperfusion injury is currently the disease with highest mortality and disability rate of cardiovascular disease. Current studies have shown that nerve cells die ischemia several hours after ischemic stroke, which activates innate immune response in brain, promotes production neurotoxic substances such as inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, reactive oxygen species − nitrogen oxide, mediates destruction blood-brain barrier occurrence a series cascade reactions. Meanwhile, expression adhesion molecules cerebral vascular endothelial increased, polymorphonuclear neutrophils, lymphocytes mononuclear macrophages passed through entered brain tissue. These recognize antigens exposed by central nervous system activate adaptive responses, further mediate secondary neuronal damage, aggravating neurological deficits. In order to reduce above-mentioned body induces peripheral immunosuppressive responses negative feedback, increases incidence post-stroke infection. This process accompanied changes status tissue local systemic systems. A growing number implicate noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) novel epigenetic regulatory elements dysfunction various cell subsets neurovascular unit injury. particular, recent revealed advances ncRNA biology greatly expand understanding regulation inflammation Identification aberrant patterns associated biological effects ncRNAs patients their potential biomarkers therapeutic targets for Therefore, this review systematically presents on involvement neuroimmune cascades, elucidates functions mechanisms infarction/ischemia-reperfusion-related ncRNAs, providing new opportunities discovery targeted therapy. Furthermore, introduces clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Display possible transformative tool studying lncRNAs. future, expected be used target diagnosing injury, judging its prognosis treatment, thereby significantly improving patients.
Language: Английский
Citations
59
Cells, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 148 - 148
Published: Jan. 12, 2024
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) represents a significant health concern, necessitating advanced therapeutic interventions. This detailed review explores the critical roles of astrocytes, key cellular constituents central nervous system (CNS), in both pathophysiology and possible rehabilitation TBI. Following injury, astrocytes exhibit reactive transformations, differentiating into pro-inflammatory (A1) neuroprotective (A2) phenotypes. paper elucidates interactions with neurons, their role neuroinflammation, potential for exploitation. Emphasized strategies encompass utilization endocannabinoid calcium signaling pathways, hormone-based treatments like 17β-estradiol, biological therapies employing anti-HBGB1 monoclonal antibodies, gene therapy targeting Connexin 43, innovative technique astrocyte transplantation as means to repair damaged neural tissues.
Language: Английский
Citations
9
Metabolic Brain Disease, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 40(1)
Published: Jan. 4, 2025
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative that primarily affects the elderly population and leading cause of dementia. Meanwhile, vascular hypothesis suggests damage occurs in early stages disease, to neurodegeneration hindered waste clearance, which turn triggers series events including accumulation amyloid plaques Tau protein tangles. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), long noncoding (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), circular (circRNAs), have been found be involved regulation AD. Furthermore, lncRNAs circRNAs can act as competitive endogenous inhibit miRNAs, their interactions form complex regulatory network. Exosomes, are extracellular vesicles (EVs), believed able transfer ncRNAs between cells, thus playing role brain by crossing blood-brain barrier (BBB). Exosomes part intercellular carrier system; therefore, utilizing exosomes deliver drugs recipient cells might not activate immune system, making it potential strategy treat central nervous system diseases. In this review, we review AD multifactorial neurological regulate its multiple pathogenic mechanisms improve our understanding etiology simultaneously through binding treatment
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Biological Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 58(1)
Published: Jan. 27, 2025
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive age-related neurodegenerative whose annual incidence increasing as populations continue to age. Although its pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated, oxidative stress shown play an important role in promoting the occurrence and development of disease. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), which are more than 200 nucleotides length, also involved PD at transcriptional level via epigenetic regulation, or post-transcriptional by participating physiological processes, including aggregation α-synuclein, mitochondrial dysfunction, stress, calcium stabilization, neuroinflammation. LncRNAs correlated during processes: affects expression multiple lncRNAs, while lncRNAs regulate many genes responses. Oxidative affect other processes associated with neurodegeneration, dysfunction increased neuroinflammation that lead neuronal death. Therefore, modulating levels specific may alleviate pathological damage have neuroprotective effects. This review discusses general mechanisms mechanism underlying PD, teases out through pathogenesis, well identifies possible lncRNAs. Reviewing published studies will help us further understand process identify potential therapeutic strategies for PD.
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Molecular Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 59(11), P. 6771 - 6789
Published: Aug. 30, 2022
Language: Английский
Citations
30
Molecular Therapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 31(5), P. 1313 - 1331
Published: Feb. 3, 2023
Astrocyte-microglial interaction plays a crucial role in brain injury-associated neuroinflammation. Our previous data illustrated that astrocytes secrete microRNA, leading to anti-inflammatory effects on microglia. Long non-coding RNAs participate neuroinflammation regulation after traumatic injury. However, the effect of microglial phenotype via long and underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. We used RNA sequencing murine found exosomal 4933431K23Rik attenuated injury-induced activation vitro vivo ameliorated cognitive function deficiency. Furthermore, microRNA messenger together with binding prediction up-regulates E2F7 TFAP2C expression by sponging miR-10a-5p. Additionally, TFAP2C, as transcription factors, regulated Smad7 expression. Using Cx3cr1-Smad7 overexpression adeno-associated virus, microglia specifically overexpressed attenuation neuroinflammation, resulting less deficiency Mechanically, physically binds IκBα inhibits its ubiquitination, preventing NF-κB signaling activation. The activator asiaticoside alleviates protects neuronal injury mice. This study revealed an from attenuates up-regulating Smad7, providing potential therapeutic target.
Language: Английский
Citations
22
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(6), P. 3383 - 3383
Published: March 21, 2022
Introduction: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is the most common immune-mediated chronic neurodegenerative disease of central nervous system (CNS) affecting young people. This due to permanent disability, cognitive impairment, and enormous detrimental impact MS can exert on a patient’s health-related quality life. It great importance recognise it in time commence adequate treatment at an early stage. The currently used disease-modifying therapies (DMT) aim reduce activity thus halt disability development, which current clinical practice are monitored by imaging parameters but not biomarkers found blood and/or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Both radiological measures routinely monitor lack information fundamental pathophysiological features mechanisms MS. Furthermore, they lag behind process itself. By relapse becomes evident or new lesion appears MRI scan, potentially irreversible damage has already occurred CNS. In recent years, several that previously have been linked other neurological immunological diseases received increased attention Additionally, novel, potential with prognostic diagnostic properties detected CSF patients. Areas covered: this review, we summarise up-to-date knowledge research conducted known promising biomarker candidates Discussion: criteria relies three pillars: imaging, events, presence oligoclonal bands (which was reinstated into revision). Even though McDonald made diagnosis faster than prior iteration, still infallible toolset, especially very stage clinically isolated syndrome. Together gold standard measures, ancillary may just improve accuracy speed well become agents therapeutic efficacy make even more personalised reality near future. major disadvantage these past need obtain measure them. However, advances extremely sensitive immunoassays their measurement possible from peripheral when present only minuscule concentrations. should mark beginning utilisation era
Language: Английский
Citations
25