Functional near-infrared spectroscopy for the assessment and treatment of patients with disorders of consciousness

Frontiers in Neurology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: Feb. 3, 2025

Background Advances in neuroimaging have significantly enhanced our understanding of brain function, providing critical insights into the diagnosis and management disorders consciousness (DoC). Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), with its real-time, portable, noninvasive imaging capabilities, has emerged as a promising tool for evaluating functional activity nonrecovery potential DoC patients. This review explores current applications fNIRS research, identifies limitations, proposes future directions to optimize clinical utility. Aim examines application monitoring DoC. Specifically, it investigates value combining brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) closed-loop neuromodulation systems patients DoC, aiming elucidate mechanisms that promote neurological recovery. Methods A systematic analysis was conducted on 155 studies published between January 1993 October 2024, retrieved from Web Science Core Collection database. Results Analysis 21 eligible diseases involving 262 revealed significant findings. The prefrontal cortex most frequently targeted region. proven crucial assessing connectivity activation, facilitating Furthermore, plays pivotal role treatment through techniques such deep stimulation (DBS) spinal cord (SCS). Conclusion As noninvasive, real-time tool, holds promise advancing assessment Despite limitations low spatial resolution need standardized protocols, demonstrated utility residual activity, detecting covert consciousness, therapeutic interventions. In addition levels, offers unique advantages tracking hemodynamic changes associated neuroregulatory treatments, including DBS SCS. By feedback cortical facilitates optimizing strategies supports individualized planning. Continued research addressing technical methodological challenges will further establish an indispensable diagnosis, prognosis,

Language: Английский

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Cardiac Heterogeneity Prediction by Cardio-Neural Network Simulation

Neuroinformatics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 23(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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A Systematic Literature Review: Cognitive Workload Assessment in Human Factors Research

Advances in Human-Computer Interaction, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 2025(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Cognitive workload, the mental effort it takes to complete a task, is an ever‐growing field, especially with increasing developments in technology and systems. This paper reviews published articles on cognitive multitasking, multiattribute task battery, physiological measurements of improved performance research integration tool before gathering quantitative data about workload field through bibliometric analysis. The literature review was conducted gain deeper understanding synthesize within field. analysis using Web Science four VOSviewer trials provide evidence create predictions this lead findings that measures specifically electroencephalography, virtual reality, machine learning, are rising human factors also found tool, powerful used model predict levels, less prevalent recent research. Recommendations for future studies highlighted review.

Language: Английский

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Impact of Two Visualization Methods for Electrocochleographic Potentials on Hearing and Vestibular Function During Cochlear Implantation

Otology & Neurotology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 46(4), P. e98 - e104

Published: Feb. 20, 2025

This study investigates the impact of two distinct visualization methods for electrocochleographic potentials during cochlear implant electrode insertion on residual hearing preservation and vestibular function. Previous research has demonstrated benefits visualizing (ECochG) in preserving implantation. In this project, ECochG are represented either through a graph or as arrows that provide pre-interpreted version graph. We aim to determine if these influence postoperative structure integrity. Residual is audiometrically assessed, function evaluated using video head impulse test dizziness handicap inventory before after surgery. Furthermore, subjective workload surgeons assessed via NASA-Task Load Index questionnaire. The included 31 patients receiving Flex26 Flex28 electrodes (MED EL). were randomly assigned one methods. results demonstrate there no significant differences between methods, both terms dizziness. Also parameters, such amplitude, do not differ significantly. Additionally, difference was observed surgical operating surgeon. can therefore be used equivalently structures mental surgeons. A simplified potential interpretation could enable younger perform more atraumatic insertions with stable quality outcome.

Language: Английский

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Prefrontal Cortex Responses to Social Video Stimuli in Young Children with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder

Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 503 - 503

Published: May 16, 2024

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental affecting individuals worldwide and characterized by deficits in social interaction along with the presence of restricted interest repetitive behaviors. Despite decades behavioral research, little known about brain mechanisms that influence behaviors among children ASD. This, part, due to limitations traditional imaging techniques specifically targeting pediatric populations. As portable scalable optical monitoring technology, functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) provides measure cerebral hemodynamics related sensory, motor, or cognitive function. Here, we utilized fNIRS investigate prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity young ASD typical development while they watched nonsocial video clips. The PFC was significantly higher for stimuli at medial PFC, which implicated cognition/processing. Moreover, this also consistently correlated clinical measures, activation same area only during viewing associated more symptoms. This first study implement neuroergonomics approach load response realistic, complex, dynamic audiovisual without autism. Our results further confirm new generation neuroimaging can be used ecologically valid measurements function toddlers preschool

Language: Английский

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A Framework for Selecting and Assessing Wearable Sensors Deployed in Safety Critical Scenarios

Sensors, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(14), P. 4589 - 4589

Published: July 15, 2024

Wearable sensors for psychophysiological monitoring are becoming increasingly mainstream in safety critical contexts. They offer a novel solution to capturing sub-optimal states and can help identify when workers environments suffering from such as fatigue stress. However, differ widely their application, design, usability, measurement there is lack of guidance on what should be prioritized or considered selecting sensor. The paper aims highlight which concepts important creating device regarding the optimization both usability. Additionally, discusses how design choices enhance usability capabilities wearable sensors. hopes that this will provide researchers practitioners human factors related fields with framework guide them building well suited deployment

Language: Английский

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Combined Effects of Moderate Hypoxia and Sleep Restriction on Mental Workload

Clocks & Sleep, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6(3), P. 338 - 358

Published: July 23, 2024

Aircraft pilots face a high mental workload (MW) under environmental constraints induced by altitude and sometimes sleep restriction (SR). Our aim was to assess the combined effects of hypoxia on cognitive physiological responses different MW levels using Multi-Attribute Test Battery (MATB)-II with an additional auditory Oddball-like task. Seventeen healthy subjects were subjected in random order three 12-min periods increased level (low, medium, high): (SR, <3 h total time (TST)) vs. habitual (HS, >6 TST), (HY, 2 h, F

Language: Английский

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Perceptions of cognitive workload measurement using multimodal sensors in surgery

Global Surgical Education - Journal of the Association for Surgical Education, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 3(1)

Published: Aug. 13, 2024

Abstract Background The study of cognitive load management in surgery has led to identification objective workload (CWL) correlates offering the potential improve patient safety, enhance surgeon performance and their long-term well-being. Sensors have been used isolation within measure physiological changes infer CWL. More recently however, use multimodal sensors (MMS) explored reliability CWL measurement. Despite emergence this technology, behavioural intention future users MMS is not well understood. aim explore perceptions measurement using secondly, develop a model acceptance amongst cohort users. Methods A cross-sectional survey medical students United Kingdom was undertaken by means an online questionnaire based on Unified Theory Acceptance Use Technology (UTAUT) model, expectancy (PE), effort (EE), social influence (SI), facilitating conditions (FC) (BI) as latent constructs. purposive sampling method over period nine months. Results were analysed structural equation modelling. There 232 responses with 138 fully completed for final data analysis. Weighted averages all item demonstrated positive statements. Students strongly agreed ‘Technology my mental would be useful me’ (42.8%), ‘I system if it comfortable wear’ (53.6%) like know that technology reliable before it’ (68.8%). Pathway co-efficients 0.444 PE → BI (p = < 0.001), 0.221 EE 0.096 SI 0.186) 0.142 FC 0.094). Conclusion This demonstrates overall perception MMS. Although influences demonstrate students, are significant constructs consider, namely comfort sensors. Findings from can guide development emerging systems reduce human error, training safety.

Language: Английский

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A numerical evaluation of real-time workloads for ramp controller through optimization of multi-type feature combinations derived from eye tracker, respiratory, and fatigue patterns

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19(11), P. e0313565 - e0313565

Published: Nov. 8, 2024

Ramp controllers are required to manage their workloads effectively while handling complex operational tasks, a crucial part of improving aviation safety. The ability detect instantaneous workload is vital for ensuring effectiveness and preventing hazardous incidents. This paper introduces novel methodology aimed at enhancing the evaluation ramp controller's cumulative by incorporating optimizing feature combination from eye movement, respiratory, fatigue characteristics. Specifically, 90-minute simulated experiment related control using real data Shanghai Hongqiao Airport, conducted collect multi-type 8 controllers. Following construction extraction multi-type, all samples categorized through unsupervised learning. Subsequently, supervised learning techniques used calculate weights train classifiers after alignment. optimal established calculating weights, best classification accuracy over 98%, achieved KNN classifier. Furthermore, numerical threshold calculations different levels interpreted. It promising provide insights into future works towards human-centered construction, processing, interpretation promote progress assessment within industry.

Language: Английский

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