Temporal trends in the planetary health diet index and its association with cardiovascular, kidney, and metabolic diseases: A comprehensive analysis from global and individual perspectives

The journal of nutrition health & aging, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 29(5), P. 100520 - 100520

Published: Feb. 21, 2025

Diet plays a critical role in human health and environmental sustainability, particularly cardiovascular, kidney, metabolic (CKM) diseases. However, the variations Planetary Health Index (PHDI) across populations, regions, over time, as well its association with CKM disease burdens, remain insufficiently explored. We assessed PHDI scores using data from 185 countries (1990-2018) Global Dietary Database, examining demographic characteristics temporal trends. The Burden of Disease Study was used to evaluate associations between including incidence, prevalence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years. syndrome defined by American Heart Association. Individual-level National Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were also assess impact on risks mortality. From 1990 2018, while overall remained relatively stable sexes, composition shifted different age groups. In mean score 42.80 (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 42.49-46.50) for males 44.65 UI 44.53-47.82) females. Higher observed among females, older adults, urban residents, individuals higher education, those South Asia. Globally, consumption red/processed meat, saturated oils/trans fats, added sugars substantially exceeded EAT-Lancet Commission's reference values. generally associated lower although these varied subtype. individual-level analysis, 45,460 NHANES participants (weighted age: 47.21 years, 51.4% female), each 10-point increase linked 13.7% reduction stage 3/4 risk, an 11.1% 4 incidences mortality rates cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney disease. significant changes occurred components PHDI, notable demographics region. may reduce warranting further investigation into specific subtypes.

Language: Английский

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Types of diet, obesity, and incident type 2 diabetes: Findings from the UK Biobank prospective cohort study

Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 24(7), P. 1351 - 1359

Published: April 4, 2022

To investigate the associations between types of diet and incident type 2 diabetes whether adiposity mediated these associations.In total, 203 790 participants from UK Biobank (mean age 55.2 years; 55.8% women) without at baseline were included in this prospective study. Using dietary intake data self-reported baseline, categorized as vegetarians (n = 3237), fish eaters 4405), poultry 2217), meat 178 004) varied 15 927). The association was investigated using Cox-proportional hazards models with a 2-year landmark analysis. mediation role tested under counterfactual framework.After excluding first years follow-up, median follow-up 5.4 (IQR: 4.8-6.3) years, during which 5067 (2.5%) diagnosed diabetes. After adjusting for lifestyle factors, (HR 0.52 [95% CI: 0.39-0.69]) 0.62 0.45-0.88]) had lower risk compared eaters. not significant. Varied higher Obesity partially (30.6%), (49.8%) (55.2%) diets.Fish eaters, well than attributable to obesity risk.

Language: Английский

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Dietary Antioxidants, Quality of Nutrition and Cardiovascular Characteristics among Omnivores, Flexitarians and Vegetarians in Poland—The Results of Multicenter National Representative Survey WOBASZ

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. 222 - 222

Published: Jan. 18, 2023

Several reports have shown that more plant-based dietary patterns provide a higher intake of antioxidants compared to diets rich in meat and animal products. Data on the key nutrients cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention relation particular countries Central Eastern Europe are scarce. The aim this study was assess quality nutrition CVD characteristics representative sample Polish adults following different patterns. Special regard paid natural antioxidants. comprised 13,318 (7159 females) randomly selected aged ≥ 20 years participating National Multicentre Health Surveys WOBASZ II. subjects were categorized into groups omnivores (92.4%), flexitarians (7.4%) vegetarians (0.16%) according type diet using Food Frequency Questionnaire 24 h recall. obtained results showed neither nor represented better habits or lifestyle behaviors omnivores. Flexitarians had significantly lower daily energy than omnivores, but their total fat (above 30% consumption) low fiber. Omnivores declared consumption fresh vegetables (p < 0.001), fruit 0.01), coffee 0.01) tea 0.05, women only) flexitarians. (vitamin C, E, zinc both genders vitamin A men) as with Among women, highest adherence recommended amounts antioxidant noted among men, proportion meeting guidelines for (77.8%), E (66.7%) C (66.7%), while lowest proportions found (69.9%, 39.5% 32.4%, respectively). did not differ terms smoking physical activity level. There no significant differences analyzed between In substantially BMI 0.05) mean serum glucose 0.05). Vegetarians prevalence hypertension obesity eaters. conclusion, current research an inappropriate several nutrients, including highly potent antioxidants, irrespective regimen. favorable profile Taking account growing popularity reduced products, there is need elaborate strategies providing guidance regarding properly balanced nutrition.

Language: Английский

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The Association between the EAT–Lancet Diet and Diabetes: A Systematic Review

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(20), P. 4462 - 4462

Published: Oct. 21, 2023

Several studies have explored the association between diabetes and EAT–Lancet diet. Thus, objective of our study was to conduct a systematic review analyze summarize all clinical concerning We undertook comprehensive search Embase, Cochrane, PubMed databases up 15 August 2023. All diet were summarized analyzed. In total, included five four prospective one cross-sectional study, encompassing 259,315 participants. evaluated as high quality. The outcomes from indicated that adherence correlated with reduced risk diabetes. conclusion, may be an effective dietary intervention for Nevertheless, number examining is limited. Further high-quality are required expand understanding benefits patients

Language: Английский

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Adherence to the planetary health diet and cognitive decline: findings from the ELSA-Brasil study

Nature Aging, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4(10), P. 1465 - 1476

Published: June 28, 2024

Language: Английский

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