Interplay of oxidative stress, cellular communication and signaling pathways in cancer

Cell Communication and Signaling, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Jan. 2, 2024

Abstract Cancer remains a significant global public health concern, with increasing incidence and mortality rates worldwide. Oxidative stress, characterized by the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within cells, plays critical role in development cancer affecting genomic stability signaling pathways cellular microenvironment. Elevated levels ROS disrupt homeostasis contribute to loss normal functions, which are associated initiation progression various types cancer. In this review, we have focused on elucidating downstream that influenced oxidative stress carcinogenesis. These include p53, Keap1-NRF2, RB1, p21, APC, tumor suppressor genes, cell type transitions. Dysregulation these can lead uncontrolled growth, impaired DNA repair mechanisms, evasion death, all hallmark features development. Therapeutic strategies aimed at targeting emerged as area investigation for molecular biologists. The objective is limit response time cancer, including liver, breast, prostate, ovarian, lung cancers. By modulating redox balance restoring homeostasis, it may be possible mitigate damaging effects enhance efficacy treatments. targeted therapies interventions specifically address impact holds great promise improving patient outcomes. approaches antioxidant-based treatments, redox-modulating agents, restore function affected stress. summary, understanding carcinogenesis process through therapeutic utmost importance combating Further research needed unravel complex mechanisms underlying stress-related develop effective translated into clinical applications management treatment

Language: Английский

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Exosomes: compositions, biogenesis, and mechanisms in diabetic wound healing

Journal of Nanobiotechnology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: July 5, 2024

Abstract Diabetic wounds are characterized by incomplete healing and delayed healing, resulting in a considerable global health care burden. Exosomes lipid bilayer structures secreted nearly all cells express characteristic conserved proteins parent cell-associated proteins. harbor diverse range of biologically active macromolecules small molecules that can act as messengers between different cells, triggering functional changes recipient thus endowing the ability to cure various diseases, including diabetic wounds. accelerate wound regulating cellular function, inhibiting oxidative stress damage, suppressing inflammatory response, promoting vascular regeneration, accelerating epithelial facilitating collagen remodeling, reducing scarring. from tissues or potentially possess functions varying levels promote healing. For example, mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-exos) have favorable potential field due their superior stability, permeability, biocompatibility, immunomodulatory properties. Exosomes, which derived skin components, modulate inflammation regeneration key turn promotes Therefore, this review mainly emphasizes roles mechanisms sources, represented MSCs improving A deeper understanding therapeutic will yield promising candidates perspectives for management.

Language: Английский

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Polysaccharides with antioxidant activity: Extraction, beneficial roles, biological mechanisms, structure-function relationships, and future perspectives: A review

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 300, P. 140221 - 140221

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

Language: Английский

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Nrf2 Activation as a Therapeutic Target for Flavonoids in Aging-Related Osteoporosis

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. 267 - 267

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Biological aging is a substantial change that leads to different diseases, including osteoporosis (OP), condition involved in loss of bone density, deterioration structure, and increased fracture risk. In old people, there natural decline mineral density (BMD), exacerbated by hormonal changes, particularly during menopause, it continues the early postmenopausal years. During this transition time, alterations are linked elevated oxidative stress (OS) decreased antioxidant defenses, leading significant increase OP. Aging significantly associated with an abnormal ratio oxidant/antioxidant modified nuclear factor erythroid-derived two related factor2 (Nrf2)/Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) pathway. OS adversely affects health promoting osteoclastic (bone resorbing) activity impairing osteoblastic (bone-forming cells). Nrf2 critical controlling various cellular processes. The expression multiple age-related OP, deficiency unbalanced formation/resorption consequent mass. Various drugs available for treating OP; however, long-term uses these medicines implicated diverse illnesses such as cancer, cardiovascular, stroke. At same categories products, particular flavonoids, were proposed safe alternatives anti-osteoporotic effects.

Language: Английский

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Targeting the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway: an innovative strategy for treating diseases

Molecular Biology Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 52(1)

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

Language: Английский

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Contribution of Immune Responses to the Cardiotoxicity and Hepatotoxicity of Deltamethrin in Early Life Stage Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 58(22), P. 9515 - 9524

Published: April 30, 2024

Deltamethrin (DM) is a widely used insecticide that has demonstrated developmental toxicity in the early life stages of fish. To better characterize underlying mechanisms, embryos from Tg(cmlc2:RFP), Tg(apo14:GFP), and Tg(mpx:GFP) transgenic strains zebrafish were exposed to nominal DM concentrations 0.1, 1, 10, 25, 50 μg/L until 120 h post-fertilization (hpf). Heart size increased 56.7%, liver was reduced by 17.1% 22.7 24.2 DM, respectively. RNA sequencing bioinformatic analyses predicted key biological processes affected exposure related inflammatory responses. Expression IL-1 protein 69.0% 24.4 treatment, aggregation neutrophils cardiac hepatic histologic sections also observed. Coexposure resatorvid, an anti-inflammatory agent, mitigated responses induced restored biomass. Our data indicated complex proinflammatory mechanism DM-induced cardiotoxicity hepatotoxicity which may be important for events adverse outcomes associated risks

Language: Английский

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Exosomes-Mediated Signaling Pathway: A New Direction for Treatment of Organ Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. 353 - 353

Published: Feb. 2, 2024

Ischemia reperfusion (I/R) is a common pathological process which occurs mostly in organs like the heart, brain, kidney, and lung. The injury caused by I/R gradually becomes one of main causes fatal diseases, an urgent clinical problem to be solved. Although great progress has been made therapeutic methods, including surgical, drug, gene therapy, transplant therapy for injury, development effective methods cure remains worldwide challenge. In recent years, exosomes have attracted much attention their important roles immune response, antigen presentation, cell migration, differentiation, tumor invasion. Meanwhile, shown potential treatment organs. study exosome-mediated signaling pathway can not only help reveal mechanism behind promoting recovery, but also provide theoretical basis application exosomes. Here, we review research utilizing various from different types promote healing focusing on classical pathways such as PI3K/Akt, NF-κB, Nrf2, PTEN, Wnt, MAPK, toll-like receptor, AMPK. results suggest that regulate these reduce oxidative stress, responses, decrease expression inflammatory cytokines, tissue repair, making competitive emerging vector treating damage

Language: Английский

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Oxidative Stress in Alzheimer’s Disease: The Shortcomings of Antioxidant Therapies

Journal of Alzheimer s Disease, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 101(s1), P. S155 - S178

Published: Oct. 18, 2024

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by gradual and progressive cognitive decline leading to dementia. At its core, the neuropathological features of AD include hallmark accumulations amyloid-β hyperphosphorylated tau proteins. Other harmful processes, such as oxidative stress inflammation, contribute disease's progression. This review evaluates role in AD, placing spotlight on disappointing outcomes various antioxidant clinical trials. Several hypotheses are discussed that might elucidate failures these therapies AD. Specifically: 1) The paradoxical overlooked implications prooxidant intermediates, particularly stemming from conventional antioxidants like vitamins E C; 2) challenges failure appreciate issue bioavailability-epitomized dictum "no on-site protection, no protection"-and preeminent, yet often ignored, played endogenous enzymes combating stress; 3) influence unrecognized etiologies, latent infectious agents others, foundational drivers AD; 4) underestimation complexity mechanisms necessity multi-targeted therapeutic approaches, those provided diets; 5) limitations trial designs fully capturing effects article also examines select trials while highlighting barriers pose, offering insights into potential overcome their marginal success.

Language: Английский

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Glycosphingolipids-Dependent Phospholipid Metabolism Enhances Cancer Initiation and Progression through SMPD1/GLTP/B3GALT4/ST8SIA6 Signaling Axis: A Novel Therapeutic Target

International Journal of Medical Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 22(3), P. 604 - 615

Published: Jan. 6, 2025

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent malignancy with high morbidity and mortality rates globally. Advances in single-cell sequencing technology have enabled comprehensive analyses of tumor cells at resolution, providing valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying CRC initiation progression. In this study, we integrated data TCGA database to identify key pathways involved pathogenesis. Our analysis revealed that dysregulation phospholipid metabolism, particularly sphingolipid plays crucial role development. Specifically, observed aberrant expression genes biosynthesis degradation, as well altered levels various metabolites cells. Furthermore, identified several potential therapeutic targets, including SMPD1, GLTP, B3GALT4, ST8SIA6, within metabolism pathway could be exploited for development novel treatments. Overall, our findings provide highlight importance targeting specifically strategy CRC.

Language: Английский

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Molecular Mechanisms of Neuroprotection: The Interplay of Klotho, SIRT-1, Nrf2, and HO-1 in Neurological Health

Behavioural Brain Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 115545 - 115545

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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