
Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(5), P. 1082 - 1082
Published: April 29, 2025
The ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) plays a pivotal role in determining protein fate, regulating signal transduction, and maintaining cellular homeostasis. Protein ubiquitination, key post-translational modification, is orchestrated by the sequential actions of three primary enzymes, ubiquitin-activating enzyme (E1), ubiquitin-conjugating (E2), ubiquitin ligase (E3), alongside regulatory influence deubiquitinases (DUBs) various cofactors. process begins with E1, which activates molecules. Subsequently, E2 receives activated from E1 transfers it to E3. E3, turn, recognizes specific target proteins facilitates covalent attachment lysine residues on protein. Among E2O (UBE2O) stands out as unique E2–E3 hybrid enzyme. UBE2O directly mediates ubiquitination wide array substrates, including 5′-AMP-activated kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 (AMPKα2), MAX interactor 1 (Mxi1), v-maf musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog (c-Maf), among others. In this narrative review, we will explore structural characteristics elucidate its molecular functions. Additionally, summarize recent advancements understanding tumors, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), metabolic diseases. Finally, discuss potential targeting novel therapeutic strategy for treatment human
Language: Английский