Cancers,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
17(1), P. 76 - 76
Published: Dec. 29, 2024
Cancer
immunotherapy,
particularly
immune
checkpoint
inhibitors,
has
positively
impacted
oncological
treatments.
Despite
its
effectiveness,
immunotherapy
is
associated
with
immune-related
adverse
events
(irAEs)
that
can
affect
any
organ,
including
the
liver.
Hepatotoxicity
primarily
manifests
as
hepatitis
and,
less
frequently,
cholangitis.
Several
risk
factors,
such
pre-existing
autoimmune
and
liver
diseases,
type
of
combination
regimens,
play
a
role
in
hepatotoxicity
(irH),
although
reliable
predictive
markers
or
models
are
still
lacking.
The
severity
irH
ranges
from
mild
to
severe
cases,
up
to,
rare
instances,
acute
failure.
Management
strategies
require
regular
monitoring
for
early
diagnosis
interventions,
encompassing
strict
cases
permanent
suspension
forms.
Corticosteroids
backbone
treatment
moderate
high-grade
damage,
alone
additional
immunosuppressive
drugs
resistant
refractory
cases.
Given
relatively
low
number
lack
dedicated
prospective
studies,
much
uncertainty
remains
about
optimal
management
irH,
especially
most
This
review
presents
main
features
focusing
on
injury
patterns
mechanisms,
provides
an
overview
landscape,
standard
care
latest
evidence.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: Oct. 23, 2024
Precision
medicine
is
revolutionizing
the
world
in
combating
different
disease
modalities,
including
cancer.
The
concept
of
personalized
treatments
not
new,
but
modeling
it
into
a
reality
has
faced
various
limitations.
last
decade
seen
significant
improvements
incorporating
several
novel
tools,
scientific
innovations
and
governmental
support
precision
oncology.
However,
socio-economic
factors
risk-benefit
analyses
are
important
considerations.
This
mini
review
includes
summary
some
commendable
milestones,
which
just
series
successes,
also
cautious
outlook
to
challenges
practical
implications
advancing
techno-medical
era.
Cancer Drug Resistance,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Oct. 31, 2024
Melanoma
is
the
most
aggressive
form
of
skin
cancer,
characterized
by
a
poor
prognosis,
and
its
incidence
has
risen
rapidly
over
past
30
years.
Recent
therapies,
notably
immunotherapy
targeted
therapy,
have
significantly
improved
outcome
patients
with
metastatic
melanoma.
Previously
dismal
five-year
survival
rates
below
5%
shifted
to
50%
surviving
mark,
marking
significant
shift
in
landscape
melanoma
treatment
survival.
Unfortunately,
about
either
do
not
respond
therapy
or
experience
early
late
relapses
following
an
initial
response.
The
underlying
mechanisms
for
primary
secondary
resistance
therapies
relapse
patterns
remain
fully
identified.
However,
several
molecular
pathways
genetic
factors
been
associated
these
treatments.
Understanding
paves
way
creating
novel
treatments
that
can
address
ultimately
enhance
patient
outcomes
This
review
explores
behind
patients.
Additionally,
it
describes
strategies
overcome
resistance,
which
patients'
clinical
trials
practice.
Cancers,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
17(1), P. 76 - 76
Published: Dec. 29, 2024
Cancer
immunotherapy,
particularly
immune
checkpoint
inhibitors,
has
positively
impacted
oncological
treatments.
Despite
its
effectiveness,
immunotherapy
is
associated
with
immune-related
adverse
events
(irAEs)
that
can
affect
any
organ,
including
the
liver.
Hepatotoxicity
primarily
manifests
as
hepatitis
and,
less
frequently,
cholangitis.
Several
risk
factors,
such
pre-existing
autoimmune
and
liver
diseases,
type
of
combination
regimens,
play
a
role
in
hepatotoxicity
(irH),
although
reliable
predictive
markers
or
models
are
still
lacking.
The
severity
irH
ranges
from
mild
to
severe
cases,
up
to,
rare
instances,
acute
failure.
Management
strategies
require
regular
monitoring
for
early
diagnosis
interventions,
encompassing
strict
cases
permanent
suspension
forms.
Corticosteroids
backbone
treatment
moderate
high-grade
damage,
alone
additional
immunosuppressive
drugs
resistant
refractory
cases.
Given
relatively
low
number
lack
dedicated
prospective
studies,
much
uncertainty
remains
about
optimal
management
irH,
especially
most
This
review
presents
main
features
focusing
on
injury
patterns
mechanisms,
provides
an
overview
landscape,
standard
care
latest
evidence.
