Safety Profile and Suicidality Associated with the Use of Esketamine in the Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder in European Countries: An EudraVigilance Database Analysis
Pharmaceuticals,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
18(5), P. 702 - 702
Published: May 9, 2025
Background/Objective:
Major
depressive
disorder
(MDD)
is
a
common
mental
disorder,
with
significant
portion
of
patients
developing
treatment-resistant
depression
(TRD).
Esketamine
an
antagonist
the
N-methyl-D-aspartate
receptor
indicated
as
nasal
spray
in
combination
other
antidepressants
for
adults
TRD.
Signals
suspected
adverse
reactions
(SARs)
to
esketamine
from
EudraVigilance
database
European
countries
were
analyzed
more
defined
safety
profile
this
drug
real
world.
Methods:
SARs
reported
data
system
analyzed,
and
disproportionality
analysis
indicating
suicidality
esketamine,
comparison
fluoxetine
venlafaxine,
was
performed.
Results:
Increases
blood
pressure
(15.4%)
dissociation
(15.0%)
most
frequently
SARs.
The
sex
distribution
indicates
prevalence
women,
except
increased
completed
suicide,
which
signaled
men,
while
(18–64
years)
elders
(65–85
ages
largest
number
esketamine.
results
indicate
existence
potential
increase
risk
suicide
depressed
taking
when
compared
venlafaxine.
Conclusions:
Apart
carefulness
due
known
limitations
pharmacovigilance
research
conducted
by
using
systems
spontaneous
signals
SARs,
points
toward
need
greater
attention
being
paid
following
prescription
subjects.
In
regard,
regulatory
agencies
also
recommend,
history
suicide-related
events
or
those
exhibiting
degree
suicidal
ideation
prior
beginning
treatment
should
receive
careful
monitoring
during
treatment.
Language: Английский
Inhibition Mechanism of Ketamine‐Apatinib by CYP2C9 and 3A4: A Prediction of Possible Drug‐Drug Interaction
Biopharmaceutics & Drug Disposition,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: May 21, 2025
ABSTRACT
Most
cancer
patients
experience
severe
pain,
and
apatinib,
a
vascular
endothelial
growth
factor
receptor
2
(VEGFR2)
inhibitor,
demonstrates
therapeutic
efficacy
against
gastric
cancer.
Ketamine,
psychotropic
drug
used
for
pain
relief,
exhibits
potential
in
inhibiting
progression
but
is
associated
with
dose‐dependent
adverse
effects
including
neurological
toxicity
dependency.
Thus,
clarifying
whether
apatinib
influences
ketamine
therapy
when
co‐administered
critical.
In
this
study,
we
investigated
apatinib's
inhibitory
on
metabolism
using
CYP2C9
CYP3A4
isoform
assays.
Results
showed
that
exerted
inhibition
of
metabolism,
acted
as
noncompetitive
inhibitor
CYP2C9*1,
CYP2C9*16,
rat
liver
microsomes
(RLM),
competitive
CYP2C9*3
CYP2C9*13,
mixed‐model
four
alleles
(*1,
*4,
*18,
*23).
Molecular
docking
revealed
stronger
binding
affinity
(−10.4
kcal/mol)
to
CYP3A4*1
than
(−6.9
kcal/mol).
Consequently,
co‐administration
may
increase
risk
poor
metabolizers
(PMs),
warranting
vivo
validation
their
interaction.
Language: Английский
Beyond NMDA Receptors: A Narrative Review of Ketamine’s Rapid and Multifaceted Mechanisms in Depression Treatment
Z Antoś,
No information about this author
Xawery Żukow,
No information about this author
Laura Bursztynowicz
No information about this author
et al.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
25(24), P. 13658 - 13658
Published: Dec. 20, 2024
The
rising
prevalence
of
depression,
with
its
associated
suicide
risk,
demands
effective
fast-acting
treatments.
Ketamine
has
emerged
as
promising,
demonstrating
rapid
antidepressant
effects.
While
early
studies
show
swift
mood
improvements,
precise
mechanisms
remain
unclear.
This
article
aims
to
compile
and
synthesize
the
literature
on
ketamine's
molecular
actions.
primarily
works
by
antagonizing
NMDA
receptors,
reducing
GABAergic
inhibition,
increasing
glutamate
release.
enhanced
activates
AMPA
triggering
crucial
downstream
cascades,
including
BDNF-TrkB
mTOR
pathways,
promoting
synaptic
proliferation
regeneration.
Moreover,
neuroimaging
have
demonstrated
alterations
in
brain
networks
involved
emotional
regulation,
Default
Mode
Network
(DMN),
Central
Executive
(CEN),
Salience
(SN),
which
are
frequently
disrupted
depression.
Despite
promising
findings,
reveals
significant
inaccuracies
gaps
understanding
full
scope
therapeutic
potential.
For
instance,
ketamine
engages
opioid
insinuating
a
permissive
role
system
amplifying
effects,
albeit
does
not
operate
direct
agonist.
Further
exploration
is
requisite
comprehensively
ascertain
safety
profile,
long-term
efficacy,
impact
genetic
determinants,
such
BDNF
polymorphisms,
treatment
responsiveness.
Language: Английский
An exploratory study evaluated the 30 most commonly reported medications in the United States food and drug administration’s adverse event reporting system that are associated with the occurrence of kidney stones
Erhao Bao,
No information about this author
Yang Yang,
No information about this author
Jiang Binglei
No information about this author
et al.
Frontiers in Pharmacology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: Dec. 18, 2024
Objective
This
research
project
aimed
to
identify
and
analyze
the
top
30
drugs
most
commonly
associated
with
kidney
stone
formation
using
data
from
U.S.
Food
Drug
Administration’s
Adverse
Event
Reporting
System
(FAERS)
database.
The
study
will
focus
on
determining
reported
Odds
ratio
(ROR)
Proportional
Report
(PRR)
of
each
identified
drug
assess
its
potential
risk
contributing
development
stones
in
order
effectively
manage
reduce
overall
burden
worldwide.
Background
Kidney
are
a
common
urinary
system
disease,
their
is
influenced
by
multiple
factors,
including
medications,
metabolic
syndrome,
environmental
genetic
susceptibility,
tract
abnormalities,
obstructive
pathology.
Among
these
medications
an
important
clearly
defined
cause
formation.
Currently,
drug-induced
account
for
1%–2%
all
cases
stones.
Although
proportion
may
appears
modest,
contribution
prevalence
should
not
be
overlooked.
high
incidence
frequent
recurrence
pose
significant
challenges
prevention
efforts.
Therefore,
thorough
understanding
which
trigger
crucial
managing
reducing
this
global
health
issue.
Method
utilized
FDA
database
maintained
Administration
extract
raw
1
January
2010,
31
March
2024.
Duplicate
was
removed
following
FDA-recommended
method.
Subsequently,
related
extracted
linking
DEMO
table,
DRUG
REAC
table
specific
primaryid
numbers,
resulting
total
37,781
records
37,027
demographic
records.
sorted
based
frequency
stones,
were
selected
analysis.
primary
analytical
methods
employed
disproportionality
analyses,
calculating
Ratio
95%
Confidence
Interval
(CI)
reveal
association
between
adverse
events.
Results
We
ranked
ROR
PRR
values.
three
Atazanavir
(ROR
46.35,
CI
43–50,
44.9),
Topamax
19.44,
17.66–21.40,
19.19),
Prevacid
12.67,
11.62–13.82,
12.57).
categories
antiretroviral
drugs,
proton
pump
inhibitors,
antiepileptic
drugs.
Conclusion
Our
has
summarized
list
Clear
caused
can
likelihood
patients
developing
condition.
Clinical
doctors
keep
vigilant
during
diagnosis
treatment
processes,
communicate
relevant
information
patients.
Language: Английский