Toxicology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 510, P. 154016 - 154016
Published: Nov. 29, 2024
Language: Английский
Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 252 - 252
Published: Feb. 27, 2025
Neurological disorders are defined by a deterioration or disruption of the nervous system’s structure and function. These diseases, which include multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s Huntington’s schizophrenia, caused intricate pathological processes that excitotoxicity, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, genetic mutations, compromised neurotrophic signaling. Although current pharmaceutical treatments relieve symptoms, their long-term efficacy is limited due to adverse side effects weak neuroprotective properties. However, when combined with other drugs adjunct therapy, they may offer additional benefits improve treatment outcomes. Phytochemicals have emerged as attractive therapeutic agents ability regulate essential pathways, especially brain-derived factor (BDNF) signaling cascade. BDNF an important target for neurodegenerative disease (ND) since it regulates neuronal survival, synaptic plasticity, neurogenesis, neuroprotection. This review emphasizes molecular pathways through various phytochemicals—such flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, phenolic compounds—stimulate expression modulate its downstream including GSK-3β, MAPK/ERK, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, CREB, Wnt/β-catenin. paper also highlights how phytochemical combinations interact enhance activity, offering new options ND treatment. Despite potential neuroprotection, phytochemicals face challenges related pharmacokinetics, blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability, absorption, highlighting need further research into combination therapies improved formulations. Clinical assessment mechanistic understanding BDNF-targeted phytotherapy should be main goals future studies. The natural compounds in regulating highlighted this review, providing viable approach prevention NDs.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16
Published: March 24, 2025
Solanesol, identified as Nonaprenol alcohol, predominates in the Solanaceae family. This compound exists a white to pale yellow solid at room temperature, characterized by low polarity and water insolubility. Its unique chemical structure—featuring nine non-conjugated double bonds polarity—confers remarkable biological activities. Recent studies have demonstrated that solanesol exhibits polypharmacological properties, including antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, membrane-stabilizing effects. Mechanistically, suppresses ROS generation inhibits pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α). Preclinical highlight its therapeutic potential inflammatory disorders (periodontitis, neuropathic pain) neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s). However, current research still faces critical bottlenecks, such lack of vivo pharmacokinetic data, unclear molecular targets, insufficient toxicity assessments. Future urgently need integrate experimental approaches, target screening, nanotechnology-based delivery systems, multi-omics analysis, elucidate mechanisms action promote clinical translation. As combines natural safety with multi-target effects, is not only focus for development novel drugs but also bridge connecting products precision medicine, poised lead innovation next-generation biocompatible therapies.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Applied Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(8), P. 4463 - 4463
Published: April 18, 2025
The primary objective of this study was to identify and characterize pathogen defense proteins in the Nicotiana tabacum L. proteome, focusing on their structural, functional, evolutionary properties, as well interactions with pathogen-derived molecules. Specifically, we aimed comprehensively analyze proteome pinpoint potential uncharacterized defense-related protein that has emerging roles immune responses antioxidant activity across plants animals. Through integrated computational approaches, determined relationships, structural modeling selected performed using different software, followed by validation through multiple metrics, including stereochemical checks (Ramachandran plot), MolProbity analysis, Z-scores. We further investigated functional binding regions or interaction sites. molecular docking investigate between pathogen-associated patterns (PAMPs), specifically β-glucan peptidoglycan (PGN), elucidate defensive mechanisms. Last, normal mode analysis (NMA), dynamics simulation (MDS), post-simulation analyses were employed evaluate stability mobility protein–ligand complexes. Uncharacterized vitellogenin-like (VLP: ID A0A1S4CXB2) domain chosen because its predicted immune-related features, stress response patterns, unknown role at new immunity functions. Phylogenetic revealed significant sequence homology VLPs from other members Solanaceae family. Structural showed a high-quality model, studies indicating stronger affinity for PGN (−10.16 kcal/mol) (−7.19 kcal/mol), highlighting involvement defense. NMA, MDS, exhibits more substantial extensive VLP than β-glucan. Our findings confirmed N. may function pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), capable recognizing responding pathogens activating signaling pathways. Future experimental these could plant application biotechnological approaches sustainable agriculture.
Language: Английский
Citations
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Ozone Science and Engineering, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 16
Published: Sept. 9, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)
Published: Nov. 6, 2024
This study aimed to investigate the structural properties of tobacco polysaccharide (TP) and its mechanism modulating hyperlipidemia in high-fat diet-induced mice. The TP were characterized by FT-IR, 1HNMR, SEM, AFM thermogravimetric analysis. And regulatory on lipid metabolism was investigated These results showed that had a high composition reducing monosaccharide glycosidic bond type α-glycosidic bond. intervention resulted significant reduction body weight improvement accumulation. modulation which ameliorated abnormalities associated with expression levels metabolism-related genes serum exosomes miRNA-128-3p, as well structure abundance gut microbiota In addition, treatment significantly increased content short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) mice feces. molecular docking dual-luciferase assay exhibited good interaction between propionic acid PPAR-α, it hypothesized might further ameliorate hyperlipidemia. Therefore, can regulate through miRNAs from SCFAs microbiota.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Toxicology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 510, P. 154016 - 154016
Published: Nov. 29, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
0