Lion’s Mane Mushroom (Hericium erinaceus): A Neuroprotective Fungus with Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antimicrobial Potential—A Narrative Review

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(8), P. 1307 - 1307

Published: April 9, 2025

Hericium erinaceus, commonly known as lion’s mane mushroom, has gained increasing scientific interest due to its rich composition of bioactive compounds and diverse health-promoting properties. This narrative review provides a comprehensive overview the nutritional therapeutic potential H. with particular focus on anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial activities. A structured literature search was performed using databases such PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Web Science, Google Scholar. Studies published in last two decades focusing erinaceus’ were included. The chemical erinaceus includes polysaccharides, terpenoids (hericenones erinacines), phenolic compounds, which exhibit potent antioxidant effects by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) inducing endogenous enzymes. Additionally, shows promising activity against bacterial fungal pathogens, applications combating antibiotic-resistant infections. mushroom’s capacity stimulate nerve growth factor (NGF) synthesis highlighted preventing managing neurodegenerative diseases, Alzheimer’s Parkinson’s. Advances biotechnological methods, including optimized cultivation techniques novel extraction may further enhance bioavailability pharmacological erinaceus. Despite findings, clinical validation remains limited. Future research should prioritize large-scale trials, standardization elucidation pharmacokinetics facilitate integration into evidence-based medicine. functional food, nutraceutical, adjunct agent highlights need for interdisciplinary collaboration between researchers, clinicians, regulatory bodies.

Language: Английский

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The Role of Dietary Antioxidants, Food Supplements and Functional Foods for Energy Enhancement in Healthcare Professionals

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(12), P. 1508 - 1508

Published: Dec. 10, 2024

Healthcare professionals frequently experience significant work overload, which often leads to substantial physical and psychological stress. This stress is closely linked increased oxidative a corresponding decline in energy levels. scoping review investigates the potential impact of dietary antioxidants food supplements conjunction with diet controlling these negative effects. Through an analysis biochemical pathways involved metabolism, paper emphasizes effectiveness targeted interventions. Key antioxidants, such as vitamins C E, polyphenols, carotenoids, are evaluated for their ability counteract enhance Additionally, assesses various supplements, including omega-3 fatty acids, coenzyme Q10, ginseng, mechanisms action enhancement. Practical guidelines incorporating energy-boost strategies into routine healthcare provided, emphasizing importance modifications reducing improving overall well-being performance high-stress environments. The concludes by suggesting directions future research validate findings explore new interventions that may further support under overload.

Language: Английский

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Non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation in anti-inflammatory therapy: mechanistic insights and future perspectives

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18

Published: Nov. 13, 2024

Non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) represents a transformative approach for managing broad spectrum of inflammatory and autoimmune conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis bowel disease. This comprehensive review delineates the mechanisms underlying VNS, emphasizing cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway, explores interactions within neuro-immune vagus-gut axes based on both clinical outcomes pre-clinical models. Clinical applications have confirmed efficacy VNS in specific diseases, such as arthritis, chronic conditions like disease, showcasing variability parameters patient responses. Concurrently, studies provided insights into potential modulating cardiovascular broader responses, paving way its translational application settings. Innovations non-invasive technology precision neuromodulation are enhancing therapeutic potential, making it viable option patients who unresponsive to conventional treatments. Nonetheless, widespread adoption this promising therapy is impeded by regulatory challenges, compliance issues, need extensive long-term safety. Future research directions will focus refining technology, optimizing treatment parameters, exploring synergistic effects with other modalities, which could revolutionize management disorders.

Language: Английский

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Deciphering Oxidative Stress in Cardiovascular Disease Progression: A Blueprint for Mechanistic Understanding and Therapeutic Innovation

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 38 - 38

Published: Dec. 31, 2024

Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis and progression of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). This review focuses on signaling pathways oxidative during development CVDs, delving into molecular regulatory networks underlying various disease stages, particularly apoptosis, inflammation, fibrosis, metabolic imbalance. By examining dual roles influences sex differences levels susceptibility, this study offers comprehensive understanding diseases. The integrates key findings from current research three ways. First, it outlines major CVDs associated with their respective pathways, emphasizing stress’s central pathology. Second, summarizes protective effects, mechanisms action, animal models antioxidants, offering insights future drug development. Third, discusses applications, advantages, limitations, potential targets gene therapy providing foundation for novel therapeutic strategies. These tables underscore systematic integrative nature while theoretical basis precision treatment CVDs. A contribution is differential effects across different stages addition to proposal innovative, multi-level intervention strategies, which open new avenues system.

Language: Английский

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Neurotoxic chemistry: Unraveling the chemical mechanisms connecting environmental toxin exposure to neurological disorders

Journal of Integrated Science and Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(3)

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

The environmental pollution poses a serious global health risk, contributing to high morbidity and mortality rates. Neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Schizophrenia, ALS, Huntington's disease, are increasingly prevalent characterized by both structural functional abnormalities in neurons of the brain spinal cord. Understanding neuro-impact toxins is crucial for developing effective prevention intervention strategies. This review article investigates complex interactions between neurological health, focusing on their role development progression neurodegenerative neuropsychiatric disorders. Key mechanisms include oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and, disruption neurotransmitter systems. It highlights pathways through which these exert effects, presents epidemiological evidence linking toxin exposure discusses potential public implications. By elucidating connections, paper aims enhance understanding determinants health.

Language: Английский

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Advanced Assessment of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Military Personnel: Development of a Novel IIRPM Score Using Artificial Intelligence

Diagnostics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(7), P. 832 - 832

Published: March 25, 2025

Background/Objectives: The health of military personnel in modern operational settings is critical for sustaining defense readiness. Extended exposure to extreme conditions can cause oxidative stress and systemic inflammation, potentially affecting performance. To address this problem, we developed an innovative diagnostic tool, the Post-Mission Integrated Risk Index (IIRPM), which integrates hematologic markers with key clinical variables. A novel aspect approach incorporation ΔNLR, thus quantifying change neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio measured before after deployment, thereby providing a sensitive indicator inflammatory impact stress. Methods: In retrospective study, analyzed comprehensive biological data from 443 over ten-year period, measurements taken missions. We applied robust statistical techniques, including paired t-tests Pearson correlation analyses, assess variations metabolic parameters. Data segmentation was performed using Gaussian mixture models, predictive performance resulting model validated multi-layer perceptron (MLP) neural network. Results: analysis revealed significant post-mission increases both baseline NLR accompanied by notable shifts markers. identified three distinct profiles: reference profile characterized stable immunologic parameters, acute response profile, proinflammatory marked elevated cholesterol levels higher mean age. Remarkably, MLP achieved 100% accuracy on test set, average cross-validation 97%. Conclusions: IIRPM-which incorporates age, mission duration, levels-offers strategy risk among personnel, facilitating personalized preventive interventions. Further validation multicenter longitudinal studies anticipated consolidate utility ultimately fostering more adaptive medicine complex challenges theaters.

Language: Английский

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Glutathione Attenuates Diesel Exhaust-Induced Lung Epithelial Injury via NF-κB/Nrf2/GPX4-Mediated Ferroptosis

Toxicology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 154154 - 154154

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Role of Antioxidants in Modulating the Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis and Their Impact on Neurodegenerative Diseases

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(8), P. 3658 - 3658

Published: April 12, 2025

This narrative review presents the role of antioxidants in regulating gut microbiota and impact on gut–brain axis, with a particular focus neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s (AD) Parkinson’s disease (PD). These diseases are characterised by cognitive decline, motor dysfunction, neuroinflammation, all which significantly exacerbated oxidative stress. elucidates contribution damage to progression explores potential mitigate these pathological processes through modulation associated pathways. Based recent studies retrieved from reputable databases, including PubMed, Web Science, Scopus, this article outlines mechanisms influence health exert neuroprotective effects. Specifically, it discusses how antioxidants, polyphenols, vitamins, flavonoids, contribute reduction reactive oxygen species (ROS) production thereby promoting neuronal survival minimising brain. In addition, modulating key molecular pathways involved stress NF-κB, Nrf2, MAPK, PI3K/AKT pathways, regulate ROS generation, inflammatory cytokine expression, antioxidant responses essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis both central nervous system. complex relationship between gut-derived metabolites, stress, highlighting dysbiosis—an imbalance microbiota—can exacerbate accelerating AD PD. The also examines short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced beneficial bacteria attenuate neuroinflammation damage. Furthermore, therapeutic microbiota-targeted interventions, delivery probiotics prebiotics, innovative strategies restore microbial support brain health. By synthesising current knowledge interplay underlying neurodegeneration, highlights promise antioxidant-based interventions mitigating progression. It need further research into antioxidant-rich dietary microbiota-focused therapies promising avenues prevention treatment diseases.

Language: Английский

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Enzyme-Based Anti-Inflammatory Therapeutics for Inflammatory Diseases

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(5), P. 606 - 606

Published: May 2, 2025

Inflammation is a multifaceted biological response of the immune system against various harmful stimuli, including pathogens (such as bacteria and viruses), cellular damage, toxins, natural/synthetic irritants. This protective mechanism essential for eliminating cause injury, removing damaged cells, initiating repair process. While inflammation fundamental component body’s defense healing process, its dysregulation can lead to pathological consequences, contributing acute chronic diseases, such autoimmune disorders, cancer, metabolic syndromes, cardiovascular neurodegenerative conditions, other systemic complications. Generally, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, disease-modifying anti-rheumatic (DMARDs), antihistamines, biologics, colchicine are used pharmacological agents in management inflammatory diseases. However, these conventional treatments often have limitations, adverse side effects, long-term toxicity, drug resistance. In contrast, enzyme-based therapeutics emerged promising alternative due their high specificity, catalytic efficiency, ability modulate pathways with reduced effects. These enzymes function by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), inhibiting cytokine transcription, degrading circulating cytokines, blocking release targeting exocytosis-related receptors. Additionally, role tissue regeneration further enhances therapeutic potential. Most natural belong oxidoreductase class, catalase superoxide dismutase, well hydrolases trypsin, chymotrypsin, nattokinase, bromelain, papain, serratiopeptidase, collagenase, hyaluronidase, lysozyme. Engineered enzymes, Tobacco Etch Virus (TEV) protease botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT/A), also demonstrated significant potential targeted therapies. Recent advancements enzyme engineering, nanotechnology-based delivery, biopharmaceutical formulations expanded applicability treating review provides comprehensive overview both engineered along formulations, therapeutics. It highlights improvements stability, efficacy, minimized immunogenicity, while discussing mechanisms action clinical applications future developments biomedical

Language: Английский

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Molecular Insights into Oxidative Stress and Its Clinical Implications

The Open Medicinal Chemistry Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 19(1)

Published: April 24, 2025

Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of numerous diseases, including cardiovascular disorders, diabetes, neurodegenerative conditions, and chronic kidney disease. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) reactive nitrogen (RNS) are key contributors to cellular damage through oxidative nitrosative stress, affecting processes such as apoptosis, inflammation, fibrosis. This review explores molecular mechanisms underlying its connection various enzymatic non-enzymatic antioxidants counteracting harmful effects. Emerging therapeutic strategies, Nrf2 activators mitochondria-targeted antioxidants, highlighted promising tools for disease prevention treatment. Understanding interplay between progression can pave way precision medicine approaches, offering more personalized effective treatments.

Language: Английский

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